Causes of Deforestation

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Humans have always cleared the forest for our own interests, but in

the past, the process was slow and only limited regions were

deforested, generally for subsistence agriculture. However, today,

humanity is far more efficient at clearing the forest with our

advanced technology and machinery and our almost maniacal drive to

earn profits in the near term.

Ranching

Cattle ranches are created in the rainforest for many fast food

companies. Large areas of rainforests are burned away to create

grasslands where cattle are brought in to graze. They are then killed

and used for beef in Western fast food companies like McDonalds and

Burger King. Also, local farmers who have recently migrated to the

area are allowed to clear trees for their own farms. Two thirds of the

rainforest in Central America have been cleared for this purpose.

Farming

Cash crops such as coffee, sugar, tea and tobacco are easy to grow and

create quick income for a poor country like Brazil, home to the Amazon

rainforest. The rainforests are cleared for commercial farming of

these crops, which are then exported cheaply to Western countries.

More recently, the illegal drug cocaine has become a popular cash crop

and there are no ways to enforce laws to prevent this happening. Not

only are the crops exported to Western countries, but they are also

used to feed the country's own people. Most countries that have

rainforests have large populations that the government cannot manage

to feed. By clearing the rainforests they have instant land to grow

these essential foods, and provide work for those people who cannot

find any.

Logging

Hardwood trees such...

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...government

supervision means that private firms have freer reign and can work to

maximize efficiency, even if it means cutting corners like compliance

with government environmental legislation. The localization of

decision making and law enforcement also make it easier for

corporations to bribe local officials.

Road Construction

The construction of roads to access logging, oil, and mining sites in

the rainforest opens vast stretches of forest to exploitation by

landless peasants who are responsible for the majority of rainforest

destruction today. Numerous government and development agencies have

funded roads and highways that cross forest areas. One of the most

famous is the Trans-Amazonian-Highway in Brazil which opened up the

Roraima state to widespread invasion and deforestation by miners and

colonists.

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