Introduction
Biomass energy is important renewable source of energy that is derived from either living or organisms that were in existence recently. This energy source is used in dual purposes; to be used directly with the process of combustion to produce heat or through indirect means after its conversion into different forms of biofuels. The focus of our project would be usage of Biomass energy through mainly combustion process in the developing world. In this region biomass is the primary source of domestic energy supplying approximately over 70% of the energy consumed (Ndiema, Mpendazoe and Williams, 1997). By stating developing countries we are trying to refer to nations that have comparatively lesser living standards and developing industrial base in comparison to other countries of the world (Arthur, Sullivan and Sheffrin, 2003). The author has tried to keep the regions of focus wide ranging from Villages in Kenya to the Pearl River Delta Region in China. The purpose of doing of looking at different socio-economical regions is to study the wide variety of pollutants that may emerge based on the type of Biomass used.
Biomass Products.
There is a wide range of materials that come under the category of Solid Biomass. Some of the materials are more generalized such as wood, straw, agricultural residues, processing waste, algae and seaweeds (Jones, Ma, Pourkashanian and Williams, 2011). However, it has been found that the type of materials used as Biomass varies significantly based on the region they are used. For example in forested region of South East Asia materials such as Bamboo , Oil Palm trunk , Acacia and Rubber wood was used (Aghamohammadi, Aroua and Sulaiman , 2011). In terms of what cannot be deemed as Biomass ther...
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al. 1996). this dense produce is more thermally unbalanced than mulch or coal, mainly as of grass biomass. Little warming degrees and extensive residence eras will decrease the reactivity of the burn. On the other hand, great heating rates give to upsurge the reactivity of the subsequent char, creating it advanced appropriate for more thermal usage for example gasification or combustion (Hallgren, et. al. 1996).
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In Thailand, fruit bundles have to be transported from the plantation to the mills and refineries, which are located in Krabi province. The Thailand government is using palm oil biodiesel to become more sustainable. They are trying to reduce the dependence on import and to improve energy security in the country. After analyzing the life cycle production of methyl ester, it was found that the three major energy consumptions is transportation, fertilizer, and methanol. There should be a reduction in the amount of fertilizer. Biodiesel should be used instead of diesel and fossil fuels, which are often used, for a more environmental friendly way. There should be non-fossil fuels to produce methanol. There should be efficient utilization of co-products, including fibers and shells to improve overall energy output (Pleanjai and
Investigating Factors Affecting the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols PLANNING SECTION Introduction ------------ Alcohols are organic substances, and consist of Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon. All alcohols are toxic but the amount that can be tolerated by the human body varies for different alcohols. For example drinking small amounts of Methanol can lead to blindness and even death.
Palm oil is considered an essential ingredient for the production of foods and other products in which human use. Orangutan Project (2015) states that ‘palm oil is derived from the fruit of the oil palm tree’, and the ‘palm oil plantations are the main driver for deforestation in Indonesia’. The harvest of the palm trees for the production of palm oil affects the ecosystem as it can affect the environment. This investigation with highlight out the advantages of the palm fruit providing nutrients, it is essential for the productions of products, and this production being that palm oil can reduce poverty. The negatives of how the production of palm oil negatively affects the environment, the habitat of the animals, and social consequences
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The study’s methodology was qualitative. While the study recognizes that palm oil plantation increases deforestation and consequently reducing biodiversity, the authors argues that the demand for palm oil up to the year 2020 can be met without any reduction of forest cover through the improvement of yields and conservation of degraded land. In particular, the study notes that while palm oil plantation endangers orangutan’s habitat, the authors suggest that encroachment of orangutan’s habitat could be reduced by up to 30% through the use of sustainable land use initiatives and policies. Overall, the findings of this article suggest that is there is a need to advocate for an environmental sustainable biomass industry in Malaysia in order to protect the natural habitat for
All different kinds of secondary products are discussed in these section such as particulate matter (section 2.3.1), Tar compound (section 2.3.2), Sulphur compound (2.2.4). Although not much literature is available, section 2.3.3 briefly introduces the importance of Alkaline, heavy metals and halides compounds as secondary products. It is worth mentioning that secondary products come out from the gasification process concentrations of which in the gas depend on the biomass composition and the technology used.
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The crucial importance and relevance of economics related disciplines to the modern world have led me to want to pursue the study of these social sciences at a higher level. My study of Economics has shown me the fundamental part it plays in our lives and I would like to approach it with an open mind - interested but not yet fully informed.
Factories and transportation depend on huge amounts of fuel--billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels burn they introduce smoke and other, less visible, by-products into the atmosphere.