Cat Bites and Kids

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Recommended: Lecture on cephalosporins

Pharmacodynamics
Action
Beta-lactam antibiotics impede bacterial growth by preventing biosynthesis of the structural strength aspect of the bacterial cell wall (Woo, 2012). They also inhibit between four and eight enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis (Calderwood, 2013). These antibiotics weaken the cell wall by binding to penicillin-binding proteins. This then causes lysis of the bacterial cell wall (Woo, 2012).
Use
Penicillins are bactericidal against sensitive organisms in active cell multiplication and appropriate concentrations (Woo, 2012). They are known to be active against gram positive, aerobic organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (Woo, 2012). Penicillins are used to treat pneumonia, sexually transmitted diseases, pharyngitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, otitis media, urinary tract infections, sinusitis, Lyme disease, skin and tissue infections, and bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis (Woo, 2012).
Cephalosporins- are also Bactericidal and most effective against quickly growing organisms developing cell walls (Woo, 2012). They have improved activity against anaerobes and gram-negative organisms with later generations (Woo, 2012). First and second generations are active against gram-positive cocci with little sensitivity to gram-negative aerobic organisms, third generation also active against gram-positive cocci along with added activity against gram-negative organisms, fourth generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of action along with being more resilient to beta-lactimases that can inactivate various third generation agents (Woo, 2012). Cephalosporins are commonly used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, urinary tract infections, skin and tissue infections, community-acquired pn...

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...ce=search_result&search=infected+cat+bites&selectedTitle=3~150
Epocrates. (2014). Animal bites. Retrieved from https://online.epocrates.com/u/2941280/Animal+bites/Treatment/Approach Garth, A. P. (2012). Animal bites in emergency medicine. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/768875-overview Lexicomp (2014). Amoxicillin and Clavulanate. Retrieved from http://online.lexi.com/lco/action/doc/retrieve/docid/patch_f/6347

Weber, D. J., Rutala, W. A., & Kaplan, S. L. (2014). Pasteurella infections. Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com.proxy.library.maryville.edu/contents/pasteurella-infections?source=search_result&search=infected+cat+bites&selectedTitle=2~150 Woo, T. M. (2012). Drugs used in treating infectious diseases. In T. M. Woo & A. L.
Wynne (Eds,), Pharmacotherapeutics for nurse practitioner prescribers (741-867). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.

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