The Supreme Court today conveyed its verdict in the Vodafone case, putting an end to the almost five-year old debate encompassing the taxability in India of seaward exchange of shares of a Cayman Islands organization by the Hutchison Group to the Vodafone Group. In a historic point choice, the Supreme Court turned around the choice of the Bombay High Court and held that the Indian charge powers did not have regional ward to duty the seaward transaction, and along these lines, Vodafone was not obligated to withhold Indian charges.
Facts leading to the Dispute
Vodafone International Holding (VIH) and Hutchison telecommunication worldwide constrained or HTIL are two non-inhabitant organizations. These organizations entered into transaction by which HTIL exchanged the offer capital of its subsidiary organization situated in Cayman Island i.e. CGP worldwide or CGP to VIH.
VIH or Vodafone by uprightness of this transaction procured a controlling enthusiasm of 67 percent in Hutch is on Essar Limited or HEL that was an Indian Joint wander organization (between Hutchinson and Essar) on the grounds that CGP was holding the over 67 percent enthusiasm before the above arrangement.
The Indian Revenue powers issued a show reason notice to VIH concerning why it ought not be acknowledged as "assesse in default" and subsequently looked for a clarification regarding why the tax was not deducted on the deal attention of this transaction.
The Indian income powers in this manner through this looked to expense capital increase emerging from offer of offer capital of CGP on the ground that CGP had underlying Indian Assets.
VIH documented a writ request of in the High Court testing the purview of Indian income powers. This writ appeal was rejected by...
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...tion have distinguished that subsidiary organization is a separate lawful substance yet despite the fact that holding organization control the subsidiary organizations and particular business of the organization inside a gathering however it is settled rule that business of subsidiary is divided from the Holding organization.
• The advantages of subsidiary organizations could be kept as security by the guardian organization yet at the same time these two are different substances and the holding organization is not lawfully obligated for the demonstrations of subsidiaries aside from in few circumstances where the subsidiary organization is a sham.
• The Holding organization and subsidiary organizations may structure pyramid of structures whereby the subsidiary organization may hold controlling enthusiasm toward different organizations framing guardian organization.
The decision in Equuscorp is significant, as it has made clear several principles that were once ambiguous under Australian law. It ratifies that restitutionary remedies are unavailable for a claim for money had and received where recovery would reduce coherence in the law. Furthermore, Equuscorp has confirmed that a bare cause of action can be assigned where the assignee has a genuine commercial interest in its enforcement.
“Verizon Communications Inc., based in New York City and incorporated in Delaware, was formed on June 30, 2000, with the merger of Bell Atlantic Corp. and GTE Corp. Verizon began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the VZ symbol on Monday, July 3, 2000.” Verizon Communications Inc. is a publicly held Corporation. In this paper, I will discuss the corporate roles and duties of a corporation. I will also discuss the differences between a publicly held and closed corporation.
R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame Ltd and others [1999] All ER (D) 1173.
Background One. Tel was launched by Jodee Rich and Brad Keeling in 1995 (Cook, 2001). At first, it looked to get the advantages from deregulation of the telecommunication industry by reselling other network’s capacity and making money through stock market speculation. Rich and Keeling tried to increase the company’s shares rather than profit the company (Cook, 2001). Initially, One.
On December 14, 2000, the Federal Trade Commission approved the planned merger of AOL and Time Warner after both companies pledged to “protect consumer choice” both now and in the future. The AOL Time Warner merger was approved by the Federal Communications Commission on January 11, 2001, and is the biggest merger in corporate history, then estimated at a total market value of $350 billion. The merger created a ‘powerhouse’ of new and traditional media. AOL Time Warner has led the union of the media, entertainment, communications and Internet industries. Throughout the years the face of media and entertainment industries has changed drastically as a result of increased technology. The popularity of newspapers gave way to other forms of media and entertainment such as magazines, television, cable, music, and most recently the Internet.
The following report will analyse Vodafone and their current position in the international market. This report will cover the competitive strategy of Vodafone and their influence of products and services in relation to the demand of the market.
A second kind of non-incorporated business organisation is a partnership. There is no upper limit to the amount of individuals in a partnership but it is rarely more than twenty. In order for a partnership to form, a contract must be drawn up and signed
...g these groups together depends on trusted and not trusted representation. In order to define organizations we should be able to critically ask how are they formed? What kind of rules and practices help consolidate and facilitate them? How can these institutions operate to suit the independent individual within the common whole?
Large corporations have been attempting to find a balance between the traditional hierarchical structure and the flexible local entrepreneurial structure for many years. Increasing global competition has made it critical that multinational enterprises be both globally integrated and locally responsive at the same time (Bartlett & Ghoshal, 1988). Sohn & Paik (2004) describe the efforts of Toshiba to achieve a hybrid of centralized control and localized autonomy. Irrespective of the structure chosen, corporations can all be placed somewhere along the continuum between centralized and decentralized management. A centralized structure will be slower to respond to changing market conditions but provides stability and control. A decentralized structure provides autonomy for local businesses to make their own decisions quickly, ; however, the decisions may not align with the parent organizations' strategic objectives and ethics. Many business decisions involve conflict between making money and ethical treatment of employees, customers, and the environment. Centrally managed organizations are more likely to align decisions with a universal corporate code of conduct. Autonomous subsidiaries will make decisions that are reflective of the local cultural values. The risk to the parent organization is that some of these decisions may severely conflict with shareholder values. Treatment of women, children, and respect for the environment are some areas where regional differences exist.
Organizational structure within an organization is a critical component of the day to day operations of a business. An organization benefits from organizational structure as a result of all it encompasses. It is used to define how tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. Six elements should be addressed during the design of the organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, spans of control, centralization and decentralization. These components are a direct reflection of the organization’s culture, power and politics.
This report is mainly based on the case study Emerging Nokia, using the frameworks and concepts we have learned to analyze the case. This report is divided into 5 parts, first is the summary of the case, the second part is about the competition Nokia faced, the third part is the factors that contributed to the success of Nokia, then the challenges Nokia may face in China and the recommendations to them and the last part is the conclusion of the report.
Organizations can be configured in many different ways. Their overall classifications can be summarized by characteristics of complexity within the system, the level of formalization, and the centralization of decision-making power. The structure of each organization is influenced by many factors. Such factors include; the goods and services provided, the overall individuality of the staff providing the service and producing the products. The overall beliefs and values of the individuals performing the services that are being delivered, the technology that is utilized to help deliver the services and aid in product production, as well as the needs, desires, and generalized characteristics of the consumer population that requires or demand the product or service. (Yoder-Wise, 2007, p. 145) The organization will have different operating priorities based on its ownership. The main goal behind most business is to make money. The private owned institution strives to make its shareholders money, while a non-profit institution reinvests all of its revenue back into the orga...
In order for one to evaluate and identify with the diverse business structures, he/she must be aware of the meaning and standards that makes that structure. Various businesses functions in different ways as the world is full of technology and new structures, company cultures and new ways in which companies are run. In order to fully grasp the concepts of Organizational structure and culture in the movies, I will use the Movie Up in the Air and The Devil Wear Prada movies to analyze a business scenario from them.
Organizations are established in specific ways to obtain different objectives, and the structure of an organization can help or restrain its advance toward accomplishing these goals. Organizations of different sized and types can achieve higher sales and other profit adequately by identifying their requirements with the structure they use to operate.
LC is the issuing bank guaranteeing payment to our collections agent in a timely mannerly with the sated amount price. However, as an exporter [seller] of the goods, before, the international sales contract required to be established with an outright agreement, we shall proceed with the terms and conditions with the transaction schedule of the contract executing the stating price, delivery conditions, means of payment, and delivery period.