Case Analysis: HIV/AIDS

HIV infection and AIDS represent one of the most pressing public policy and public health problems worldwide. Definition of AIDS The U. S. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL has established criteria for defining cases of AIDS that are based on laboratory evidence, the presence of certain opportunistic diseases, and a range of other conditions. The opportunistic diseases are generally the most prominent and life-threatening clinical manifestations of AIDS. It is now recognized, however, that neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV infection of the brain are also common. Other complications of HIV infection include fever, diarrhea, severe weight loss, and swollen lymph nodes (see LYMPHATIC SYSTEM).

World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hrh/documents/Impact_of_HIV.pdf Wood, E., Montaner, J. S., Chan, K., Tyndall, M. W., Schechter, M. T., Bangsberg, D.,… Hogg, R. S. (2002), Socioeconomic status, access to triple therapy, and survival from HIV-disease since 1996. AIDS, 16, 2065-2072.

The needle and syringe programme (NSP) is the programme that supplies needle and syringe and also other equipment used to prepare and illegal drug. This programme is run by pharmacies and drug services. World Health Organization (2007) stated that the purpose of this programme is to reduce the transmission of blood- borne viruses and other infections that caused by sharing injecting equipment. The work of NSPs has focused on HIV prevention and also rising HIV-prevalence among clients in many locations. This has resulted in producing HIV care and support programmes and antiretroviral treatment programmes which these programmes are critically important.

Additionally, a pregnant women who is infected can pass HIV to her babies during pregnancy, delivery, even breast feeding. According to research, the origins of HIV date back to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century in west-central Africa in the early 1980s where AIDS and HIV were first recognized in humans. There is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS; however, several treatments are available that can slow the course of the disease. Some infected people may live a long and relatively healthy life if they take care of themselves and take special precautions when going about their daily lives. HIV/AIDS attacks the body by three disease processes: immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and nervous system dysfunction; destroying specific white blood cells called ... ... middle of paper ... ...g or diarrhea.

Since its discovery over 30 years ago, HIV continues to be public health problem with an estimated 1.1 million people living with HIV in the United States alone (5). Even though the yearly number of new diagnoses in the past decade has remained stable (around 50,000), the number of new infections among young persons, especially younger people and black men has increased (1, 2, 5). Most troubling are the estimated 180,000 people (among the 1.1 million living with HIV) unaware of their infection (4). Many of those unaware of their infection remain undiagnosed until they present with AIDS-related conditions (11). Additionally, only 37% of the population aged 18-64 report ever receiving an HIV test, an estimate that varies by state from 23.4% to 66.3% (3).

HIV Treatments and Reducing Drug Resistance Abstract HIV is a retrovirus that will constantly attack human’s immune system once an individual is infected and will eventually develop to AIDS, often a deadly sexually transmitted disease. Currently, there are different kinds of antiretroviral treatments available for patients who are tested to be HIV positive as well as patients with AIDS. HIV can easily develop resistance to its treatment through mutation each generation, which leads to ineffectiveness in treatment. The only way to continue to fight off HIV is to change treatment that is still available. Patients have to cooperate with experienced doctors by adhering to their professional recommendations, while doctors are responsible for closely monitoring the patient’s conditions through test results and their body’s response to treatment, as well as helping them to live healthily without serious damage to their immune system over a long period of time.

When the immune system is weak it is more susceptible to opportunistic infections. When the CD4 cells, or immune cells have reached levels below 200, HIV has now progressed towards AIDS other known as auto immune deficiency syndrome When there are certain symptoms of HIV present all at once it is then diagnosed as auto immune deficiency s... ... middle of paper ... ...ids-101/how-you-get-hiv-aids/ AIDS Info. (2013, September 27). HIV prevention. Retrieved from http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/20/48/the-basics-of-hiv-prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013, April 23).

Also you get terrible flu to the point of death. Many don't understand why HIV cause Aids but i'm sure they will find the answer. HIV lives and reproduces in blood and other body fluids. Aids is a worldwide disease, infact its the worlds’ leading infectious killer. 33.4 million people are currently suffering from Ai... ... middle of paper ... ...mptoms.

Few phenomena have changed the face of sexuality as dramatically as the appearance nearly 30 years ago of the microscopic virus known as HIV, or human immunodeficiency virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV s the virus that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS (CDC, 2013). AIDS is a medical condition that is named because HIV is acquired and subsequently affects the body’s immune system to the point where it often becomes deficient in combating disease causing organisms, resulting a group of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease or syndrome. The World Health Organization states that HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 36 million lives so far (WHO, 2013). This paper will analyze the sexual behaviors since the AIDS epidemic.

Patient begins to have severe opportunistic infections an... ... middle of paper ... ...cers that affect the blood such as Kaposi’s sarcoma. It will be difficult for a HIV/AIDS patient to keep away from all of these different types of infections but constantly taking their antiretroviral medication is the first step. Routine physicals, blood tests, and eye examinations are significant because at times the patient may have no symptoms. Works Cited Galgiani JN, A. N. (2000). Practice guideline for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis.