This week’s content revolved around Carl Rogers and his theory of personality. Rogers’s theory of personality incorporates the subjectivity of experience and the phenomenological perspective. The subjectivity of experience is built upon the combination of feelings of authenticity and the positivity of human motivation. In the textbook, feelings of authenticity are “feelings of alienation or detachment” (Cervone, 2013). Individuals experience these kinds of feelings because individuals strive to be approved by others and take other individual’s needs to be their own. The positivity of human motivation is explained that the motivation of individuals is always geared towards positivity. Together, feelings of authenticity and the positivity of …show more content…
The other portion of Rogers’s theory of personality is the phenomenological perspective, which explores an individual’s conscious experiences. Within this chapter, it also explains the structure, processes, and growth and development of Rogers’s personality theory. The structure of his theory is based on the self, which is what the individual identifies as being “me”. The self is composed of the actual self, what the individual believes to be them at that time, and the ideal self, what the individual would like to become in the future. The process of Rogers’s theory is focused on the self and this also influences growth and development. According to Rogers, the major developmental concern for children is whether if they are free to grow, be self-actualizing, or if conditions of worth cause them to become defensive and operate out of a state of incongruence (Cervone, 2013). The chapter then goes on to mention research done by Coopersmith on parent-child relationships and its influence on the child’s …show more content…
Instead, I lived in an off-campus apartment with two other people. During this time, I can agree with the research done by McEwan and Soderberg and other researchers; my two roommates had no impact on my studies. However, when the two roommates graduated and left and a new roommate entered the apartment, I can disagree to the research done. My roommate constantly had her friends over at the apartment until the late hours, had some complaint about a person or thing or classes, and never cleaned after herself. She can be considered to be a prime example of a horrible roommate. Living with this person resulted in me not staying at my apartment but instead spending most of my time at libraries or at friend’s apartments. It also resulted in avoiding my roommate as much as possible, whether if it was done by not being at the apartment or not responding to phone calls or text messages. Rogers would say that this kind of behavior is promoting positive growth in me even though this is bad behavior towards my roommate. By avoiding my roommate, I am creating a better environment to live and study in so I can do well in my classes. Most recently, my roommate had disappeared for a couple of weeks and I had only found out by her mother calling me and asking about her child. Although I have negative feelings towards my roommate, I was inclined to help her
Personality predispositions can determine levels of extraversion, which determine the levels to which one seeks social support, thus determining positive affect. Similarly, personality predispositions can determine levels of neuroticism that may influence one’s style of coping in the face of both positive and negative external factors which can determine negative affect (Diener, 1996). Happiness, a core aspect of positive subjective wellbeing, involves maintaining a superior level of positive affect in comparison to negative effect, based on specific positive or negative emotions linked to the recent experiences in one’s life (Emmons & Diener, 1985). Positive emotions such as joy and pride must trump negative emotions such as frustration and sadness in the recent past or present in order for an individual to feel happy. Life satisfaction builds on this and is a cognitive valuation of the quality of an individual’s experiences as a sum throughout their entire life (Emmons & Diener, 1985). Individual personality traits have been found to influence the different patterns and levels of life satisfaction, positive and negative affects and simply general, overall happiness (McCrae, 1983).
Erik Erikson developed the psychosocial theory, and “he describes our social experiences during our whole life span using eight different stages” (Cherry 2015). The first four stages are “trust vs. mistrust; which describes how the child needs to be able to trust their adult figures, autonomy vs. shame and doubt; which is about person control, initiative vs. guilt; which is about children learning to lead others, industry vs. inferiority; which is about gaining a sense of pride in things” (Cherry 2015). The final four stages are “identity vs. confusion; which begins the sense of self, intimacy vs. isolation; which explores personal relationships, generativity vs. stagnation; which focuses on career and family, and the final stage being integrity vs. despair; which describes reflecting back on life” (Cherry
This essay will explore one of the possible combinations of theories on personality and explain how it can be applied in practical therapy.
Eleanor Roosevelt once said, “Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people.” Personality is characterized by many dimensions of a person’s overall being. The belief that personality stems from one origin is small minded and on many levels, unsupported. If the scope of personality is expanded, it suggests that there is not a single explanation determining a person’s personality and how it is formed. Personality Theories have been generated for centuries by individuals who desire to identify what distinguishes a person’s personality and how it affects their behaviors. What is it that comprises all the unique characteristics about a person?
In its most basic form, personality is what defines a person through their “…expression of emotions, relationship building, and their individual patterns of behavior…” (CITE). Two of the most prolific theories on the formation of personality were developed by neurologist Sigmund Freud and psychologist Carl Rogers. Both Freud and Rogers worked in psychotherapy, the area of therapy, which “…focuses on fostering a positive mental well-being…” (CITE). These men based their general theories of personality on their experiences with patients, however their conclusions are worlds apart. Rogers is recognized for his approach to therapy where the “…client…” has a more direct role in the process (CITE). Whereas Freud is best known for his work on the unconscious mind.
The purpose of this research report is to investigate the personality of Beyoncé Knowles in terms of humanistic and trait conceptions of personality.
Feist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2009). Theories of Personality (7th ed.). New York, New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rogers believed in his theory and stated that the organism has one basic goal self-actualization. He expressed his optimistic approach when he explained that all of us have the tendency to grow until we reach self-actualization. Also, he mentions that we exist because we need to gratify this need that we all have buried deep down inside of us. In relation to personality, he says individuals are open-minded and trusting to their own feelings and their environment around them. Rogers’ theory does emphasize when a person will finally reach self-actualization and that is from the experiences of his or her childhood. He says every child needs to obtain acceptance and unconditional love from others and a child will only be taken good care of and loved if he or she suits the expectancies of the others. Therefore, because of these, Rogers theorized that these conditions give an increasing level of influence to the person’s behavior. When his or her behavior and actions are continually reinforced by such conditions, the individual develops the personality type that corresponds to the generality of their
Magnavita, J. J. (2002). Theories of personality: Contemporary approaches to the science of personality. New York: Wiley.
P.J. (2004). Personality: Theory and Research. USA: Wiley. SMITH. T. W. and WILLIAMS.
McAdams, D. P. (2009). The person: An introduction to the science of personality psychology (5th ed.). Hoboken, N.J: Wiley.
Cardinal traits are the traits that most powerfully influence an individual. They may define someone both internally and externally, meaning that people surrounding the individual may associate a person by this trait but not always. To have an incredibly overwhelming cardinal trait driving an individual is somewhat rare but an example may be someone who is known and defined by their innate friendliness towards others. Central traits on the other hand are smaller, more building block-like units of an individual’s personality. These traits are typically descriptive of someone’s behaviors like if they are nice, intelligent, or rude. Secondary traits are the weakest and least impressionable of all the traits. They’re typically brought on by situations like if an individual won’t make eye contact with someone they’ve just met or if they play with their hands while they’re nervous.
Personality involves a blend of characteristics that make one unique. In reviewing personality, we consider the influence of the interactions that one is engaged in, the nature or the environment of one's upbringing and genetics. The characteristic traits may change over time while some of them becoming a lasting part of a person’s personality. In this essay will analyze the theories that relate to the character and the various stages that children undergo during development. We will use the same theories and developmental stages in analysis my progress from childhood up to date.
There are many types of diverse people classified under various categories. Some people have different types of personalities. They could be classified as extremely manipulative, others as impulsive, and some may not show anything on the outside and have wonderful social skills. These categories help in the understanding of humans. This study is called Psychology and there are many different subfields in this diverse study of the people around us. One subfield that is particularly interesting is personality psychology. Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation between individuals.
Personality takes many shapes and forms and is affected by many factors. My understanding of personality is simply a genetic and environmentally determined set of psychological traits that influence our reactions in the world around us. Genetic because our parents possess a certain set of psychological personality traits that we tend to have in common with them so therefore in my opinion there are heritable personality traits. Personality is environmental because we each have our own separate experiences in the world and these experiences help form our unique personality. Neo-Freudians such as Jung have given us a wide array of ideas of how they believe personality is developed and formatted. Jung in particular has a very interesting