Career And Career Development

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Career Development
A career is the sequence and variety of occupations which one undertakes throughout a lifetime. It includes life roles, leisure activities, learning, as well as work. Further career can be conceptualized as employees’ objective for participation in work and their subjective commitment to work (Pulkkinen, Ohranen & Tolvanen 1999). Once employees have career they are expecting career development. Career development can be recognized as a process which employees progress from a series of stages, and each stage characterized by different sets of development tasks, activities, and relationships (Noe as cited in Amir & Mahmud, 2014). Further Zheng and Kleiner (2001) emphasized it is a formal approach taken by an organisation to …show more content…

As well as making people aware of learning, work, civic and leisure opportunities, career guidance helps to build confidence and empower individuals. However, discrimination always occurs among female employees because people assume that they cannot do the job as well as male workers, especially in management (Amir & Mahmud, 2014; Afza & Newas, 2008). For instance Veale and Gold (1998) stressed that women’s participation in the labour market is increasing although some barriers still remain and the majority of them occupied the lower range of the white collar posts. Moreover females need to work harder and longer to show their credibility in order to have opportunity (Ismail & Ibrahim as cited in Amir & Mahmud, …show more content…

Such as employers avoid promoting women because women as a group are absent from work more often than men, due to child bearing and childcare responsibilities. (Rosenfeld et al. as cited in Afza & Newaz, 2008), organizational level variables such as size, public versus private status, different geographic region (Afza & Newaz, 2008), Individual factors like women strategies and style of communication are significant which shows if women face barrier in carrier progress (Shakir & Siddiqui, 2014). Moreover Kattara as cited in Amir and Mahmud (2014) discrimination in career development occurred because the community often see women with certain stereotypes as well as lack of opportunities for mentoring, training, promotion, and reward can be identified. Anyhow Njiru (2013) pointed out that if female employees have their own willingness to confront and fight strong barriers and hurdles that stand their path mostly they would be able reach and survive in high flying jobs in corporations and

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