Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I’m sure all of you have heard of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, better known as CPR. I’m going to go over the steps of infant, child, and adult CPR. If you don’t know how to perform CPR, I hope this will give you a good understanding of it and if you already know how to perform CPR, I hope this will be a good refresher. I will begin with infant CPR. This would be used on a child who is less than one year old. The first step is to determine if the infant is responsive. Shout and gently tap the child on the shoulder. If there is no response, position the infant on his or her back. The next step is to open the airway. This is done by placing the heel of one hand gently on the forehead and lifting the chin up with the other hand. After the head is positioned, check for any breathing. If the infant is not breathing, cover the baby’s mouth and nose with your mouth and give two small gentle breaths. Each breath should be 1.5 to 2 seconds long. You should see the infant’s chest rise with each breath. After the first two breaths, check for a pulse. On an infant, this can be most easily found near their armpit. If no pulse is found, chest compression’s should be started. Position your index and middle fingers in the center of the chest an inch below the nipples. Give five gentle compression’s, pressing down one-half to one inch, at the rate of 100 per minute. Repeat with one breath and five compression’s. After one minute of repeated cycles, call 911 and then return to the victim. If you feel a pulse return, discontinue chest compression’s and give one breath every three seconds. Next I will discuss adult CPR. First you should check for responsiveness. If there is no response, their airway should be opened. You should then look, listen, and feel for any breathing. If there is no breath, pinch the nose closed, cover the mouth with yours and blow until you see the chest rise. After the first initial breath, call 911 and then return to the victim. Check the victim for a pulse. On an adult, the pulse can be found be placing your index and middle fingers in the center of their neck and then sliding them down around the side.
He also suggested drying the neonate and providing tactile stimulation to encourage breathing, and covering with a dry blanket to maintain warmth. If after thirty seconds of tactile stimulation, the neonate’s breathing is not sufficient, paramedics should follow protocol for newborn resuscitation, see appendix (L) (QAS, 2014; Saunders, 2012). If the neonate is breathing adequately, leave the newborn with the mother and encourage breastfeeding, which stimulates the nipple resulting in a release of oxytocin which promotes uterine contractions (Stables & Rankin,
As you practice remember that inhalation and exhalation are both done through the nose and should be an equal amount of time in duration. Make sure to keep your breath flowing and your throat open. Don’t tense your shoulders or jaw. Be careful not to overfill your lungs as it will cause tension. Finally, keep your navel pulled in while breathing.
Basic life support (BLS) is a skill that many people in the community are lacking. Nearly 400,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur annually in the United States (American Heart Association, 2012), and of this 89% of the people die because they did not receive immediate CPR by a bystander (American Heart Association, 2012).
Like with anything else, it is imperative to ensure a patent airway, adequate ventilation, good oxygenation, and adequate circulation. However, stroke patients have an increased risk of losing the ability to protect their own airway and subsequently aspirate. You can help protect the patient from aspirating by simply placing them in the semi-fowlers position. Now if severe vomiting becomes a factor and the airway is compromised, intubation may need to be used to protect the patient from any further aspiration. If either the tidal volume or rate becomes inadequate, quickly assist their ventilations at a rate of 10-12 breaths per minute. If assistance is needed with ventilations, its good practice to have your BVM hooked up to oxygen too because unless your patient is intubated at this point, some of the room air you pump into them is going to go into the stomach, making for less adequate oxygenation. Along with the ABC component, you’re going to establish IV access and apply the cardiac monitor to see what the heart is doing (Mistovich, 2008). Treating the symptoms is all you’re going to be able to do. As it was mentioned before, the only way to treat the underlying problem is to get the patient to the hospital as quickly as you
According to the American Heart Association (AHA), over 350,000 people experience cardiac arrest outside of hospitals every year. Every second that a heart doesn’t beat dramatically decreases a person’s survival rate. CPR is a simple way to keep blood pumping through the body until medical personnel arrive. Only 46 percent of cardiac arrest victims receive CPR, primarily because most bystanders don’t have the proper training. Fortunately, schools are in a unique position to greatly improve that statistic.
After the first month the baby moves onto the second sub-stage which is primary circular reactions,and lasts until the baby is about four months old. During this stage the baby will repeat certain things that bring them pleasure and desired outcomes. Babies will begin to see that a pattern of events is connected and will begin to expect the second event after the first event has happened.
...at is required, give him/her something to eat or drink and get medical help. Always remain calm, help the person to remain calm (as much as possible), and stay with the person until medical help arrives.
Phase 3 the infant will crawl to the person or will return in different periods for contac...
The breath is brought into the nose and exhaled through the mouth with slightly pursed lips which should help you to feel a deeper contraction of the abdominals. = == == ==
It takes at least 20 weeks for a child to fully develop inside the womb starting the day of conception. A full pregnancy lasts 42 weeks. During the first week
...itoring vital signs in infants, children and young people [WWW] RCN . Available from http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/114484/003196.pdf [Accessed 26/03/2013].
There are 2 types of breathing, costal and diaphragmatic breathing (Berman, 2015). Costal refers to the intercostal and accessory muscles while diaphragmatic refers to breathing using your diaphragm (Berman, 2015).It is important to understand the two different types of breathing because it is vital in the assessment of the patient. For example, if a patient is suing their accessory muscles to aid in breathing then we can safely assume that they are having breathing problems and use a focused assessment of their respiration. Assessing respiration is fairly straightforward. The patient’s respiration rate can be affected by anxiety so a useful to avoid this is to check pulse first and after you have finished that, while still holding their pulse point, check their respiration rate. Inconspicuous assessment avoids the patient changing their breathing because they know they are being assessed which patients can sometimes do subconsciously. Through textbooks and practical classes I have learned what to be aware of while assessing a patient’s respiratory rate. For example; their normal breathing pattern, if and how their health problems are affecting their breathing, any medications that could affect their respiratory rate and also the rate, depth, rhythm and quality of their breathing (Berman, 2015). The only problem I found while assessing respiration rate was I thought it seemed a bit invasive looking at the
Give the proper first aid greatly required at that moment, like stop the bleeding, clean & cover the wound, cool the burn with running water etc..
...ause it can cause harm to the infant’s lungs. If an infant requires shock, one pad goes on the front and one pad goes on the back. You should keep performing CPR until EMS arrives. If you begin CPR you cannot quit until they arrive, you have already committed to that victim.