Caffeine
Caffeine is a stimulant drug, a bitter and white crystalline xanthine alkaloid.
It is found in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants in varying quantities.
Coffe ‘bean’ is the primary source of caffeine.Content of caffeine in bean varies depend on the type of coffe bean. For a single shot (30 milliliters) of arabica-variety espresso,the range for one serving of coffee is 80 to 100 milligrams and for a cup (120 milliliters) of drip coffee is approximately ranges from 100 to 125 milligrams.
By weight ,tea contains more caffeine than coffee and tea contains theophylline in higher amount than theobromine which is in smaller amount.Factors and preparations have a important impact on tea and color is the poor indicator of content of caffeine.
Gyokuro which is the pale Japanese green tea has a more caffeine content than lapsang souchong, which is much more darker teas.
It is found in many plant species .It kills certain insects that feed on the plants, and enhance the reward memory of pollinators and improve the plant reproductive success because caffeine act as a natural pesticide.caffeine observed in seedlings in high levels and lack mechanical protection,and it also found in the high levels of the surrounding soil .
Humans consumed it mostly in infusions extracted from the leaves of the tea bush, the seed of the coffee plant and from various foods and drinks containing products derived from the kola nut. In soft drinks, and energy drinks, coffee, tea caffeine is present,
It has been estimated that 120,000 tonnes per year caffeine consumed globally.Which makes it the world’s most popular psychoactive substance.
Scientific name of caffeine is 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine. ...
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Treatment of severe caffeine intoxication includes peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or hemofiltration when patient has very high serum level.
Detection in biological fluids
Caffeine can be found in serum,or plasma, and blood, where it is helpful to monitor therapy in neonates, and confirm a diagnosis of poisoning.
The range of plasma caffeine levels is 2–10 mg/L in coffee drinkers, 12–36 mg/L in neonates receiving treatment for apnea, and 40–400 mg/L in victims of acute overdosage.
Other animals
Caffeine is toxic to other animals,spiders,dogs,birds and mollusks.
Microbial Remediation Pseudomonas putida CBB5 can live on pure caffeine.It has been observed that Pseudomonas putida CBB5 can break caffeine into ammonia and carbon dioxide.
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Caffeine is one of the most popularly used psychoactive substance across the globe, easily found in various products in significant amounts, like coffee, tea, cola drinks and so on. The role of caffeine and its effects on one’s health can be described simply by the word, ‘psychoactive’. This drug, mostly consumed for its positive effects like increasing alertness and boosting one’s energy has gained much popularity amongst various generations, from adults to children. The most commonly used form
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