Brexit Referendum: Reason. influence and trend Brexit Referendum, is the result of exceptionalism in Europe. Which means the social differentiation because of the globalization and the European integration. Brexit Referendum split the British government and the social in British. Not only reduce the power about European Union, also break the balance inside. This event will influence globalization in European. Which can make European Union become weaker and untrustiful. European union will be forced choose their feature and reform inside. At the same time, Britain shares special interests in the EU with the United States. This event will also influence NATO and Europe-Russia relation. Thus, it affecting the international pattern in both Economic …show more content…
Under the background of globalization and integration, the free movement of finance; trade; labor and capital has brought about economic and social development as well as economic and social injustice. The results of globalization are not evenly distributed across sectors. Which is different level people in different class. Technological innovation and financial capital flows will favor the elite and market-oriented young people, while placing older people in groups that rely on social redistribution mechanisms at a disadvantage. This requires strengthening the role of the state in social distribution, a more egalitarian society. But the modern state is torn by the world market and local society, the ability to intervene in the distribution of social decline. The rift between economic and nationalized societies has led to the rise of anti-elite, anti-establishment extremist parties around the world who advocate populism and call for a return to an isolated …show more content…
After the referendum in Europe, the mainstream party internal contradictions intensified, and the extreme right-wing British Independence Party is the biggest beneficiary. Cameron took office at the beginning to take a tough stance on the EU in 2010 to fulfill the election commitments to promote the "referendum lock" legislation to provide the EU to transfer any important power as required through the British referendum. Since then, with the increase in the party 's European pressure, in order to bridge differences and block the Independence Party, Cameron has been critical of the EU position, to meet the suspected pro-EU camp, He even once said, "better in the EU", curing the pro-EU camp during its Referendum mobilization to stress the negative impact of de-European rhetoric which was not convincing (Charles). Therefore, to some extent, the suspect European victory to win the British Independence Party, the Conservative Party has since plunged into a more serious division. Compared with the Conservative Party, the referendum on the EU further deterioration of the Labor Party 's image. In recent years, the identity crisis of the Labor Party has intensified, different factions within the struggle for power, and Labor Party supporters have experienced a deepening internal constrict. The Labor Party leader Corbin was accused of mobilizing ineffectively against the proponents of leaving EU. 12 shadow
The Future of the European Union The link between internationalization, governance and democracy is a central problem for politics as well as for political science. Even if clear evidence on the nature of this link is not yet available, the literature seems to support the view that internationalization both undermines the capacity for governance and puts into question traditional forms of democracy. Because it could be quite complicated to look at the EU model from
France, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg all signed the Treaty of Paris creating the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC); the beginnings of an integrated Europe which has seen many changes since its creation (Thody, 1997: p1). Today it has become the highly integrated European Union with 28 member states, 18 of which share a single currency (Archick, 2014: p1). The process of EU integration is a complex one, as can be seen in its history and will surely be seen in its future. There
As a reaction to E.B.Haas and L.Lindburg’s Neofuntionalist explanation of European Integration, Hoffmann put forward an alternative analysis which he deemed more “realistic” in what concerned the role of states in the EU; Intergovernmentalism. He made two main points on the matter; the first was that national governments of European member countries are “uniquely powerful actors” and only make decisions aligned with their national interests. In simple terms this meant that national government decided
of the European Union, but the decision whether to leave was up to the citizens and thereby leaving the government without much control. The exit of the UK seems to challenge the idea of “integration” and brings the concept of disintegration into the picture, which Liberal Intergovernmentalism then would have to be able to account for. Due to the scope of this paper I will only briefly touch upon disintegration and how Liberal Intergovernmentalism deals with UK’s divorce with the European Union.
The European Union (EU) has ever expanded since its initial origin phases/stages of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951 and the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1958 by the Inner Six countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and Netherlands). Since its origins, the EU has integrated a substantial number of member-states to twenty-eight and are currently under the accession process some other countries eagerly waiting to join the European Union’s already large family
The EU on the environmental path Introduction The European Union (EU) is a local political and economic union between 28 member-states. However, apart from its domestic political significance it is also considered as an important international actor, which participates in the ongoing debates concerned with number of issues. These issues go beyond traditional security and economic threats along with questions posed to the members of such international organizations as the United Nations (UN). Thus,
Introduction: The European Union (EU) represents one of the most successful experiments in regional integration in the history of international relations. There is no doubt about that European Union is the most institutionalized international organization in the world. It shows up an effort at promoting the political and economic integration of its member states in Europe. As the neo-functionalism theory emphasizes to regional integration and mutual cooperation, so the aim of this paper is to examine
guidance to outright opposing the interests of Europe, the stance towards Europe has varied greatly. In the post-Cold War era, Russia’s policies have been formed in an attempt to reclaim control over their former sphere of influence, often clashing with European interests in regards to economic, energy, and security matters facing the world. In the post-Cold War world, Russia has been struggling to reestablish itself as a world power. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Russia found itself surrounded
in technology and infrastructure. Globalization is one such trend that was facilitated by the advancement in the transport and communication, plus the new technologies (Steger 2009). This is when a business move from the domestic markets to the international markets. Globalization started some several centuries ago but has become an important strategic element of many businesses in the modern economy (Lechner 2009). This is due to the huge competitive advantages, which it offers to an organization
avoiding future mass conflicts and ensuring peaceful change. This remains a worthy goal, but today the scope and complexities of world politics demand an understanding of a much wider range of issues. Moreover, new conceptual frameworks and theories are required to improve our understanding and assist in the development of better policies and practices. International relation theory is often taught as a theory that seeks both to explain past state behavior and to predict future state behavior. However
In this example, the realism peace theories are applied to the West European cold peace after the Second World War. The transition of cold war in 1950s to cold peace was due to the emergence of realist mechanisms where the United States (US) pacifying role as the hegemon and the common threat produced from the Soviet Union to the US and Western Europe. The combined effects of hegemony and balance of power produced the cold peace between the key rivals France and West Germany after the World War Two
and economic integration can reduce the probability of conflict and war in many cases. Economic globalization is the increasing economic interdependence that has policies such as reductions of tariffs, foreign investment and includes the increase of cross-border movement of goods and services. Economic integration is the elimination of tariff and non-tariff policies through the unification of economic policies on a national level. The way in which economic globalization and integration reduce the chance
Comparative politics belong to subdisciplines of political sciences. It is the only discipline that carries methodological instead of substantive label (Lijphart, 1971). Comparative politics deals with systematic study of world’s politics and with comparison of countries throughout the world in domestic and international politics together with political institutions. It describes conceptual frameworks and classifications; analyses differences and similarities, it also tries to predict future changes
Central to the entire discipline of global politics after the Second World War, is the concept of European Integration. In the aftermath of the Second World War, Europe found itself in a state of economic devastation and with various problems to solve. Besides, the continent was soon to be divided into two major spheres of influence by the beginning of the Cold War. The Cold War was a constant state of political and military tension amongst powers in the Western Bloc (the United States) and powers
in culture, economics, politics, and social policy. However, amongst the several differences that many countries embrace, there are some similarities between each nation. This phenomenon of cohesive resemblance is known as globalization. Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, cultures, and governments of different nations. This research paper will examine the phenomenon of globalization and the trends regarding international connectedness. This paper