British Governments' Disarmament and International Harmony During the 1920's During the 1920's the British Governments actively sought to promote disarmament and international harmony through their policies and relations with various countries. The different Prime ministers and parties had different approaches but all wanted to reach the same target. They all wished to resolve any problems that had occurred as a result of the First World War and wished to avoid another one and the best way to do this was to promote disarmament and international harmony and relationships. From 1919-1921 David Lloyd George pursued an active foreign policy establishing relations with the USSR and wishing to appease Germany. Lloyd's successor's conduct of foreign policy during the 1920's was far less dynamic and aggressive. The primary aims of Prime ministers Bonar Law (1922-1923), Stanley Baldwin (1923-1924 and 1924-1929) and Ramsey MacDonald (1924-1924 and 1929-1931) were to establish tranquillity. They reflected the British public opinion of being more concerned with financial and economic problems at home and reflecting adventurism abroad. All three hoped for a passive and cheap foreign policy. The main tactics taken to establish international harmony and disarmament were with a variety of diplomatic pacts, agreements and financial plans. The aim of creating international harmony had to be tackled in several ways and with different countries. During the 1920's the British Government made several agreements and pacts with both the USSR and Germany in an attempt to establish better relationships and therefore creating international harmony. In 1919 t... ... middle of paper ... ... diplomatic negotiations throughout the decade resolving issues where possible. Although Britain were involved in a variety of issues throughout the world they were primarily concerned with protecting their own security and improving trade. Most issues that threatened international harmony that Britain resolved also benefited Britain in one way or another. The success of disarmament is also difficult to judge as countries were still very distrustful of each other and were not completely honest. Disarmament would have been the key factor in creating international harmony but was not as successful as the British Government hoped. Throughout the 1920's there was little threat of war or military action throughout the world so to some extent the British Government must have been successful in creating international harmony.
He was dynamic and thus in due course very effective. His success as Minister of Munitions led to him becoming Prime Minister in December 1916, where he replaced Herbert Asquith. Most Liberal ministers resigned with Asquith, and about half the Liberal MPs (120) supported the old Prime Minister rather than the new. While the war continued it was said that he was ‘acting more like a president than a prime minister, his leadership style, was accumulating enemies, and thus storing up trouble in the future.
The Cold War was a period of tension between the USSR and the US; although at one point the Soviet Union and the United States were allies due to the enemy they had in common, Nazi Germany. The Cold War was not an actual physical war, only the Korean War was the physical war. This time of tension started due to distrust between the two nations. Canada as a founding member of NATO played a significant role in the Cold War, and contributed greatly during the period of tension. As well as NATO, Canada was also heavily involved in many other aspects of the Cold War such as NORAD, the Korean War, and the Gouzenko case.
The type of policy known as containment was the foreign policy that the United States of America used between the times of 1947 (two years after World War Two) until 1989 (he fall of the Berlin Wall). The definition of containment in this case is strategies whether it was diplomatically, militarily or economically to contain the forming and progression of communism and to give America an influential advantage abroad. The policy of containment all started out with what was known as the Yalta conference, which consisted of Franklin D Roosevelt, the president of the United States at the time, Winston Churchill, the prime minister of the United kingdom, and Joseph Stain, leader of the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). It was during this conference that the three men came to an agreement that these three countries would separate the world into three different parts and have their influence on those three parts. This was known as the sphere of influence and it was divided like this; The United States would have control of influence the western hemisphere meaning all of the Americ...
Foreign and domestic policies during the Cold War lead to both the separation of world powers and the fear of political and social systems throughout the world. After World War 2 ended, tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union heightened. The agreements made at the Yalta Conference between Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt, were not being followed by the Soviets. The Soviet Union kept the land they reconquered in Eastern Europe and did not enforce a democratic government in those countries, as they promised. Instead, the Soviet Union decided to continue spreading communism in their reconquered lands.
"It is what we prevent, rather than what we do that counts most in Government." (Mackenzie King august 26, 1936) This statement sums up the best secrets of Mackenzie King's success as prime minister, and perhaps, the key to governing Canada effectively. King's record of prime minister is sometimes difficult to judge. He had no uninteresting images, he gave no repetitive speeches, and he champions no drastic stage. He is remembered for his easygoing, passive compromise and conciliation (Gregory, page 267). Yet Mackenzie King led Canada for a total of twenty-two years, through half the Depression and all of the Second World War. Like every other prime minister, he had to possess ambition, endurance and determination to become prime minister and, in spite if appearances, his accomplishments in that role required political acuity, decisiveness and faultless judgment.
Although they represented differed political parties, Sir John A. MacDonald and Sir Wilfred Laurier pursued the same goals while in office. MacDonald recognized Canada's need for protective tariffs on exported goods, the need of settlement in the west, and the need for a railway to unify the nation. MacDonald immediately implemented protectionism and the establishment of a railway. On the other hand, Laurier took these goals and expanded on them. John A. MacDonald outlined the goals of Canada in the National Policy and these goals were accomplished in the period of the Laurier Boom.
Though the United States was the military power of the world prior to World War II, its foreign policy was one of detachment. The government was determined not to get involved in other countries affairs barring unusual circumstances. A World War provided big enough means to become involved, as many Americans became enraged with the military ambitions of Japan and Germany.
Recognizing that most of Europe was socialist, Churchill worked to remove England from the labor party in order to run over the rise of totalitarianism. The socialist government in Germany was under the control of the Nazi party increasing angst with Hitler in control (Johnson 108-112). Through his elections as Prime Minister he was able to mend the damage done by Chamberlain in his attempt to appease Hitler (Johnson 46). Having lived through World War I, Chamberlain was determined to avert another war. His policy of appeasement towards Hitler was co...
The appeasement allowed fascist countries to take advantage of their pacifist intentions as demonstrated the failure of the League of Nations. The League of Nations was intended to resolve international disputes peacefully, however its concept of appeasement demonstrated its place as a ‘toothless tiger’ in events such as the invasion of Manchuria (1931.) Allied intervention in Russia in 1919 was ignored by the League, Italy ignored the League in 1923, the League failed to deal with issues outside of Europe and several issues were not allowed to be presented to the league such as: Allied debts, relations between Britain and Egypt, and between China and the great powers. Due to the appeasement policy, Germany and Italy now realised that the democracies were seeking to avoid confrontation, so both countries continued to ‘test the limits.’ As a result of the appeasement, the impact of Abyssinia proved the concept of collective security and the Stresa front had failed. Consquently, this motivated war as it encouraged Hitler that he could get away with acts of aggression, transformed Italy into Germany’s partner as furthermore the Hoare-Laval plan made it clear Britain and France preferred to seek peaceful resolutions rather than engage in conflict. Hence, the appeasement policy was responsible for
Détente is the name recognised for a period of improved relations and relaxed tensions between nations, specifically the United States and the Soviet Union, which began somewhat unwillingly in 1971. The détente, which President Richard Nixon and his advisor Henry Kissinger had launched, was believed to be a kickback to the perceived decline in U.S. power, the rise of Soviet power, and the growing dangers of uncontrolled competition between the two superpowers. It was made clear that the policy was significant to the two nations when President Richard Nixon of the United States visited the cold war enemies’ secretary-general of the Soviet Communist Party, Leonid Brezhnev in Moscow, May 1972.
...work with other nations to keep the peace. It is still in effect today. The UN was not based on or limited to a peace treaty but instead was separate. That helped Roosevelt get support for U.S. membership.
Around 1939 to 1942, the axis powers had a very dominant lead in World War 2. It almost seemed like there would be absolutely no chance of stopping them. As it’s been said, sometimes people with the highest power can make forgetful mistakes that can cost them their seat. But the amazing thing is both Japan and Germany were at their highest point in power by 1942. In just a matter of 3 years, all is lost. So the only main question that still stands: what exactly happened?
Germany’s aggressive foreign policy, from 1933 to 1945, was imposed to accomplish Hitler’s desires of dominating Europe. The policy made seemingly reasonable demands but threatened war if denied. This lead to the appeasement of Britain and France, whom were both suffering from the devastation caused by The Great Depression. (John)The rearmament of Germany was essential for Hitler’s goals, and was accomplished with Germany’s aggressive policies. After France claimed that she would not disarm if there was no guarantee of protection from the United States and Britain, Germany, whom agreed to disarm, withdrew from the Geneva Disarmament conference. By 1935, Germany rearmed through conscription and the establishment of munitions ...
During the late 19th century many countries sought an alliance with other countries to guarantee their own safety, preserve peace and sometimes to help their economic position. this is highlighted by alliances and treaties such as the "Dual Alliance" of 1879, the "Dreikaiserbund" of 1881 and the "Reinsurance Treaty" This was also the case for both France and Russia, with them agreeing the "Franco-Russian Military Convention" on August 18th 1892 and later agreeing the "Franco-Russian Alliance" in 1893. France and Russia were animated by a common desire to preserve peace. The only reason it was possible for France and Russia to form this alliance is because Germany allowed the Reinsurance treaty to become invalid. Both countries wanted different things from the alliance but there was one common reason between them, and that was to oppose Germany - although both countries had different incentives for this. France, Russia and Germany all contributed to the alliance being formed, either through their aims or what they did.
It’s 4:30am on September 1st, 1939 and the German battleship Schleswig-Holstein awaits for the order to open fire on the Polish garrison of the Westerplatte Fort, Danzig in what was to become the first military engagement of World War II. Meanwhile, sixty two German divisions supported by 1,300 fighter planes prepared for the invasion of Poland. Fifteen minutes later the invasion would take place and spark the beginning of World War II. Two days later at 9am Great Britain would send an ultimatum to Germany, demanding that they pull from Poland or go to war with Great Britain. Four hours later the Ultimatum would expire and Great Britain would officially be at war with Germany on September 3rd, 1939. Six hours later France would also declare war on Germany.