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examination on new testament
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Book Report
The book entitled Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament Books written by Michael J. Kruger explains the canonical model by which the books of the New Testament were selected as the right word of God. The correctness of the canon has always troubled Christians; they have always wanted to know that the twenty-seven books of the New Testament are the rights ones. In his book, Kruger answers many typical questions asked by people in relation to the New Testament, its structure and its authenticity as God’s word. For example, he shows what all of the selected books have in common and why any of the existing apocryphal books is not in the Bible. The book Canon Revisited is for Christians who want to know what the canon is, what defines the canon, how its model is applicable to the New Testament books and in what way believers can be sure that the New Testament books are inspired by God Himself and are not the product of the human mind.
In the first part of his book, Michael J. Kruger offers the grounds on which the canon was established. He explains the historical determinants of the canon, giving various explanations of the factors, which influenced people’s understanding of what had to be accepted as canonical and what needed to be excluded from the canonical model. Kruger particularly mentions the fact that the Roman Catholic Church has its own understanding of the authority of the canon and says that the Bible is not the only authority to the Roman Catholic Church, since its main authority is “the pope and his bishops”. He explains that traditions are also extremely important to the Catholics and that they are an indispensable part of their canonical model, which is constructed ...
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...’s entire explanation of the nature of the canon is the combination of all the existing statements on the matter and his own ideas about the canon rather than the statements from the Bible.
Consequently, the book Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament Books is an extremely enlightening source of information related to the canon and its development in history. In his argument, Michael J. Kruger basically refers to a number of literary sources, but he hardly ever uses verses from the Bible to prove his point. Nevertheless, the book is very explanatory and logical and develops in readers a completely new understanding of the canon and the church, especially the Roman Catholic Church.
Bibliography
Kruger, Michael. Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament
Books. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2012.
The Bible: The Old Testament. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Sarah Lawall et al. Vol 1. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 1999. 47-97.
Writings of historical scholars, Josephus, Aristotle, and Plato, to name a few, are taken as truth and fact, yet the writings of the Scripture are constantly disputed. Why? Perhaps because of the ethical imperatives imposed to which people do not want to adhere. Perhaps because of man’s ego and pride that disallows them to submit to a Higher Authority. Nonetheless, The Bible has been, and still remains, the most widely read and revered book of all
Roles of the Catholic Church in Western civilization has been scrambled with the times past and development of Western society. Regardless of the fact that the West is no longer entirely Catholic, the Catholic tradition is still strong in Western countries. The church has been a very important foundation of public facilities like schooling, Western art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in religion. In many ways it has wanted to have an impact on Western approaches to pros and cons in numerous areas. It has over many periods of time, spread the teachings of Jesus within the Western World and remains a foundation of continuousness connecting recent Western culture to old Western culture.-
Metzger, B. (1997). The Canon of the New Testament: Its Origin, Development, and Significance. New York.
After The Canon leaves the pilgrimage, The Canon's Yeoman also tells the other Pilgrims about alchemy and how it has ruined his life and would inevitably ruin anyones life who attempts it. Alchemy puts everyone who attempts it in debt because it takes a lot of money to try to turn basic metals into gold and silver. This kinda free and wild thinking is definitely a rare especially from a yeoman. A Yeoman is practically a servant and for a servant to speak out against his master and his masters work is unheard of. This free and wild thinking is an amazing way to express Chaucer's creativity and points of view, through a somewhat vengeful and angry character.
In life we all encounter times when we simply feel lost and confused. We all face times when we simply seek the answers and the truth to help us understand our lives. For Christians, our answers are found within the Bible where we feel the truth lies and where we can go to find the answer to the most difficult questions in our lives. But when we do this, are we as Christians limiting the knowledge that we can procure? Can we view the Bible as complete and containing a full spectrum of godly discernment? The essence of these questions center completely around one central issue: non-canonical books. When we look at the Bible and its' spectrum of knowledge, we must also look at what has been removed. When we compare canonical vis-à-vis non-canonical gospels we can see that non-canonical gospels do play a significant role in the role of the church and the formation of the Christian knowledge, which can in turn lead us to wonder about the difference between canonical and non-canonical.
The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved February 21, 2010 from New Advent: http://www.newadvent.org
For centuries now Christians have claimed to possess the special revelation of an omnipotent, loving Deity who is sovereign over all of His creation. This special revelation is in written form and is what has come to be known as The Bible which consists of two books. The first book is the Hebrew Scriptures, written by prophets in a time that was before Christ, and the second book is the New Testament, which was written by Apostles and disciples of the risen Lord after His ascension. It is well documented that Christians in the context of the early first century were used to viewing a set of writings as being not only authoritative, but divinely inspired. The fact that there were certain books out in the public that were written by followers of Jesus and recognized as being just as authoritative as the Hebrew Scriptures was never under debate. The disagreement between some groups of Christians and Gnostics centered on which exact group of books were divinely inspired and which were not. The debate also took place over the way we can know for sure what God would have us include in a book of divinely inspired writings. This ultimately led to the formation of the Biblical canon in the next centuries. Some may ask, “Isn’t Jesus really the only thing that we can and should call God’s Word?” and “Isn’t the Bible just a man made collection of writings all centered on the same thing, Jesus Christ?” This paper summarizes some of the evidences for the Old and New Testament canon’s accuracy in choosing God breathed, authoritative writings and then reflects on the wide ranging
The New Oxford Annotated Bible: With the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, New Revised Standard Version. Michael D. Coogan, editor. New York: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.
Henry, Matthew, and Leslie F. Church. Commentary on the Whole Bible: Genesis to Revelation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Pub. House, 1961. Print.
Church History in Plain Language is written by Bruce L. Shelley. This work focuses on the history of Christianity from 6 B.C. to the current period. It covers some of Christianity’s greatest events, theologians, and the various subsection of Christianity. Other than the events leading up to the death of Jesus, I had very little knowledge of Christianity’s history. After reading through the book, I have gained understanding on the Christian Councils, scholasticism, Christendom, and modern trends of Christianity.
In this paper, there will be a discussion about the canonization of the New Testament. Along with an investigation of who was involved in this process. The people and institution looked at will include the following: Marcion, Irenaeus, Origen, Synod of Hippo, and God.
Turner, William. (March 1, 1907) The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume I, online edition. Retrieved February 2, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01713a.htm
Thiselton, A. C. (1980). The two horizons: New Testament hermeneutics and philosophical description. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, xix.