We can build better or secure energy future by different methods. For example by the search for renewable energy sources, now the world relies heavily on fossil fuels (oil, natural gas or coal). And we know that fossil fuels are non-renewable. The resources of these fossil fuels are limited and these resources are started to abundant. So we need such fuel or sources of energy which are infinite or renewable easily. The need for clean and sustainable energy sources is quite evident, since fossil fuels have a number of drawbacks: such as emissions of greenhouse gases, depletion of finite sources, and dependence on a few oil-exporting regions in the world. Current energy conversion techniques that are considered to be sustainable include solar, wind, biomass, and hydro energy. There are other sources of sustainable energy including, but not limited to tidal power, ocean wave power, and ocean thermal energy conversion. A significant potential to obtain clean energy exists from mixing water streams with different salt concentrations. This salinity-gradient energy, also called Blue Energy, is available worldwide where fresh water streams flow into the sea. The global energy output from estuaries is estimated at 2.6 TW, which represents approximately 20% of the present worldwide energy demand. Large amounts of blue energy can also be made available from natural or industrial salt brines.
In the literature, several techniques for energy conversion of the salinity gradient have been proposed: pressure-retarded osmosis, reverse electrodialysis, and vapor-pressure difference utilization. The main drawback of these membrane-based conversion techniques was the high price of membranes. However, the decreasing prices of membranes for desalinatio...
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...dient energy is a most promising energy source for generation of electricity with the high potential available in comparison to another source of renewable energy. There are many places in the world where the salinity gradient energy is available, so installation of the plants in rivers mouth can be produced and support the huge amount of global electricity demands in future. This essay study presented the over review for salinity gradient energy and discussed about the important techniques (i.e. RED and PRO) for harnessing energy from this type of renewable energy source.
Demand for energy continues to rise unabated, so it is essential now to introduce alternative methods to produce electric energy to secure or energy future. Different methods are available to renewable the energy and meet the needs of population but security of health and income should be priority.
Renewable: because it will never run out, it will help us to achieve our renewable energy and energy derived from the sea including wave energy, tidal energy, river current, ocean current energy, offshore wind, salinity gradient energy and ocean thermal gradient energy
Thermal power, wind, Hydel and solar energy are the main sources for generating electricity. With the passage of time, the consumption of electricity has increased proportionately with the increase in the world’s population. Due to decline in global economic situations, that includes inflation, unemployment, corruption and other contributing factors have made electricity expensive and unaffordable for the consumers of third world countries. The production cost and the supply cost have increased, and as a result many electricity generation projects stand pending. With the passage of time, conservation of energy has become a core issue for the world.
In developed and developing countries, sustainable energy source is the most important subject. There are many different methods of energy production and consumption. Using the cheap, abundant and clean energy sources for generating the electricity is the basic idea of production. Electrical energy is generated from different kinds of power plants. These plants can be put into three groups; hydroelectric power plants, thermal power plants and nuclear power plants. Hydroelectric power plants are used the potential energy of water. Thermal power plants are used the non-renewable energy sources such as oil, coal and natural gas and the nuclear power plants are used the radioactive elements for generating electricity.
Today our society is using more energy than ever. With the increase in demand for energy, problems are presented that have to be addressed. One of the biggest and most prevalent problems is the need for clean, renewable, sustainable energy. On the forefront of these problems comes the following solutions: nuclear energy, hydro-electric energy, and photovoltaic energy. With the need of energy in today’s current world, exploring different ways of producing power are necessary. The differences and similarities of nuclear energy and alternative energy are important to look over and examine in depth, so that it is plain to see the positive and negative effects of energy production.
With a looming energy crisis and an unstoppable rapid decrease in fossil fuels, the need for renewable energy is greater than ever. Yet it is inevitable that with every new solution, there are consequences. People can only hope that the energy crisis will be resolved with every new and advanced generation of scientists.
According to a report on “environmental regulation” in remote areas, conventional desalination processes cannot be applied, due to insufficient infrastructure and energy supply. We can use Reverse Osmosis
The resources used currently to supply power to the people of the earth are highly restricted and have constant problems. There are many alternatives available for supplying energy, that are renewable and more nature conscious. One alternative to an energy resource is the use of the energy from the ocean waves, and converting it into usable energy. Ocean waves are one of the world’s most abundant sources of renewable energy. The power available from the ocean waves averages around two-three million watts. In more favorable conditions, the area can have an energy production can average 65 megawatts of power per device installed. Along with its power being easily extracted, it does not produce harmful emissions or by-products making it less polluting. If we use the ocean’s energy then we can effectively produce a cheap and renewable energy source (Ocean Wave Energy Company, 2006)
The average human can not live any longer than three days without water. Many of the world’s fresh water sources are running dry or are being contaminated, particularly in developing nations, leaving many without safe water to drink. Only two and a half percent of the Earth’s water is freshwater, and less than one percent is accessible by humans (not tied up in ice caps). This one percent of the Earth’s water supply is expected to sustain a population of over 7 billion people, each needing 2.6 liters a day to remain fully healthy, plus all of the water required for agriculture and industry. These scenarios will only become more and more prevalent as time moves on and we consume more water. The United Nations has classified our planet as being in the midst of a global “water crisis.” Global water supply and shortages are becoming an incredibly real and serious issue, and planning for the future is key to preventing population decline due to a lack of safe drinking water. Shortages of drinking water lead to wars and serious international conflict for basic human survival needs. One of the most popularly and commonly proposed solutions to this problem is to create seawater desalination plants to remove salt from ocean water to make it safe to drink. These water desalination plants, however, are not a viable option to carry us in to the future due to their potentially harmful impacts and expenses.
Our energy sources is formed when the tidal energy is produced through the use of generators in the ocean. The generators are large under water turbines that are placed in areas with the highest tidal energy.The turbines’ job is to take in the kinetic motion of the withdraw and flow of the ocean's tides (shallow water) to get electricity. The tidal turbines are best used for shallow waters, because it is stronger than and most stable than casting it into the ocean where you would have to check on it everyday in almost deadly weather. They help because turbines rotates slowly so ships and passing ani...
The electricity demand increases rapidly due to the enormous increment in population. Moreover, with the era of industrialization and also with the development of industries has increased significantly in recent years. Also, with the huge prospectus for the renewables especially in fields of Wind and Solar energy.Oman puts the continuous efforts to use the clean and safe energy in maximum possible way to meet the requirement of power generation with the growth rate of 8-10%.
One of the most compelling arguments for the use of renewable energy is how many forms exist of it. Nuclear power, solar power, wind power, tidal power, hydroelectric power, pumped storage, wave power, geothermal power, biomass, and biogas are the most widely known renewable energy sources (Darvill, 2013). This large selection of fuels supports the idea of renewable fuels one day powering the entire planet. All the sources of energy have different niches and benefits. Solar energy is extremely ef...
Energy is the basic necessity of daily life. Nowadays, dependence on fossil fuels for energy needs becoming lower in numerous countries due to the potential of renewable energy to supply sustainable energy to the huge populations in many developing countries who are short of clean and continues energy. Generally, renewable energy can be defined as energy that is derived from natural resources which are constantly replenished and theoretically inexhaustible. Fossil fuels on the other hand can be described as energy that cannot be renewed and will eventually diminish. Thus, in many developing countries renewable energy is the alternative energy to replace non-renewable energy or commonly known as fossil fuels. In addition, according to Sorensen (2004), there is a greater demand for renewable energy sources nowadays due to the uncertainty of fuel price rise in living expenses. Commonly, there are many types of renewable energy available in our world such as wind power, biomass energy, solar energy, hydroelectric power and geothermal energy. However, the main three example of renewable energy are hydroelectric power, solar and biomass energy (Refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
In 21st century almost all devices work with electricity. Electricity makes activity of people easier and more comfortable. Moreover, it plays a great role in development of medicine, science, education, transport and other spheres of human’s life. However, electricity production is becoming more and more problematic because the biggest part of energy for electricity is produced by natural resources, which are neither infinite nor renewable. It means that one day mineral reserves can run out, and, as a result, there will be risk of possible energy crisis. This situation stimulates humanity to transfer to renewable power system. Countries around the world are promoting sustainable energy policies, particularly to reduce greenhouse effect that contributes to severe problems such as Global warming and acid rain (Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2010). The problem of alternative energy source search is also popular in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is extremely abundant in natural resources, especially in fossil fuels, which are mainly used as energy sources to generate electricity (CIA Factbook 2011). To be more precise, almost 60% of 4.6 billion kilowatt energy that was produced in Kazakhstan in 2008 came from coal, nearly 35 % - from natural gas and oil, 3% of electricity was created by hydro and nuclear electric stations and rest energy was imported from Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan (EIA 2010). It seems that the electricity production in Kazakhstan is mainly based on coal and other minerals. Therefore it is important to find an alternative source of energy in Kazakhstan to reduce its reliance on coal and to avoid power crisis and other negative effects of non-renewable energy usage. Since the territory of Kazakhstan is ...
Electricity is a basic necessity that people need to manage day-to-day activities. Science paves the way for continuous development and improvement of different technologies for power generation and distribution worldwide. Science led to the discovery of both the positive and negative effects of power generation on nature and mankind. With the passage of time, experts in the field realized that there are renewable sources of electricity with limited impacts on the environment. The rapid growth of industrialization as well as the increasing reliance of people to manufactured goods and services has significantly contributed to waste problems worldwide. As a result, scientists introduced a number of waste-to-energy (wte) or energy-from-waste (efw) technologies.
In chapter thirteen of our book, Environment by Raven and Berg, it shows us just how important renewable energy sources are. Currently the United States of America thrives on the use of fossil fuels and nuclear power. The main problems with these types of fuel are that they are both limited and can be extremely harmful to our environment. They cause global warming, air pollution, acid rain, and oil spills (Environment), and not only that, but in the grand scheme of things, these sources really aren’t even that cheap of a fuel source. There are many alternatives to these all but outdated fuel sources.