Bletchley Park
'Ultra' was made possible because of help from Poland. The Poles
handed a replica of the Enigma to Bletchley Park in August 1939.
Without it breaking the code would have been almost impossible.
In January 1940 Alan Turing became convinced that the Poles had
misinterpreted the workings of the Enigma and, after meeting them,
realized that he was correct. He then managed to crack the 'Green'
code.
In February 1940 John Herivel thought of the idea of putting himself
in an operators mind to reduce the setting possibilities. This became
increasingly more useful to cracking the Enigma.
When Germanyinvaded Denmark and Norway in 1940 they used a new code;
'Yellow'. This was cracked in five days and as a result Station X was
able to supply large amounts of information to the armed forces. But
unfortunately the armed forces did not trust the source's reliability
because Bletchley Park was top secret and couldn't be spoken about, as
well as the armed forces not trusting information coming from
civilians.
When Bletchley Park gave information to the Admiral's Operational
Intelligence Centre (OIC) in April 1940, it was ignored. As a result
Norway was invaded and Britain was caught unprepared, unable to help.
In late May, 1940, Station X warned the OIC about German Warships
possibly sailing into the Atlantic. The OIC ignored it and three
British ships with 1500 men were lost
In June- September 1940 although Bletchley Park was unable to become
an important park of the Battle of France or Britain, they could
provide important information like the number of German aircraft lost
in raids. The most important message decoded in September was that the
Germans had given up Operation Sealion, their attempt to invade
Britain.
In 1941, Bletchley Park received reports from agents about operations
in the Mediterranean. The Italians were going to invade Yugoslaviawith
German forces backing them up. But more spectacularly, the Royal Navy
was able to take advantage of these reports and win the Battle of
Matapan.
Portchester Castle Portchster Castle is a concentric castle, dating from Roman times situated at the top of Portsmouth harbour. It has a 9-acre site and was built from flint and stone. The castle had bastions and a tidal moat, at the centre of the castle would have been accommodation. Portchester Castle was originally built by the Romans to protect the South coast of England from invasion by the Saxons. Portchester was one of a series of forts built around the country and was typical of Roman forts.
"WWII: Liberation of the Netherlands - Canada at War.” Canada at War RSS. WWII.ca, 13 Apr. 2007. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
the codes used by the U.S. Army and Army Air Corps, they never cracked the code used by
This code actually proved vital to the success of the Allied efforts in World War II. Because the Code Talkers performed their duty expertly and efficiently, the Marines could count on both the ...
Imagine a scenic, wild landscape with animals that roam freely, cascading waterfalls, and mountains that seem to scrape the pale blue sky. This is what one thinks when first hearing the name Yosemite National Park. Unfortunately, the reality is completely opposite. Yosemite is now under a federally regulated Class 1 area under the Clean Air Act, which is equivalent to the pollution of Los Angeles (“National Parks Service”). It is a sad comparison to the past John Muir, who first documented Yosemite Valley, to today’s reality. The condition of Yosemite National Park should be introduced to the American public in order to protect its historic beauty and significance, eliminate current pollution, and prevent future repercussions.
The people who needed the information the most, Admiral Kimmel, commander-in-chief us pacific fleet, and General Walter Short, the army commander in Hawaii, were kept out of the loop. Why would the military keep such pertinent information from its leaders in Hawaii? Some would argue they hid the information so the Japanese would not know their code was broken. I wonder if the 2,000+ service men and civilians that died that day would share the same concern. Admiral Kimmel had been complaining about shortages of personnel, planes, and radar for months. General Short did not even know he had a special Army monitoring station on the island, and was not even cleared to see the decrypted messages known as Magic.
The concept for the Holland Tunnel was developed in 1906.1 In 1906, a coalition of the New York State and New Jersey Interstate Bridge and Tunnel Commission began studies for a bridge connecting lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey.2 By the end of World War I (1918), the number of cars and trucks on U.S. roads had skyrocketed. This trend did not differ in the streets of New York City.3 At this time the Hudson River ferries were carrying about 30 million vehicles each year (24,000 vehicles a day3) from New York to New Jersey. This had become a major problem for commuters and a solution was needed.2
As the birds are singing their sweet melody, the terrain of Arlington National Cemetery is filled with sadness. Although the brilliant rays of sun are shinning through the thick colossal treetops, there is a chill in the air. While watching the mourners, the feeling of their sorrows is all too real.
"War Memories: Plotting the Battle of Britain." Letter. 9 Dec. 2003. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. BBC WW2 People's War.
Supporting people in having a voice and being heard is one of the five key principles of care practice in the K101 course. They link to the National Occupational Standards ‘Health and Social Care’. The principle states you need to show that you support and develop relationships with individuals so they can communicate and express views and preferences regarding their health and general needs without any fear of being ridiculed, rejected or retribution.
The standards of morality are often violated during war. No one even question the ethics of certain actions until all is set and done, especially the victors. It then comes without surprise that the brain child of the Manhattan Project was one of these morally turbulent actions. The Manhattan Project, started in 1942. It consisted of a small group of government recruited scientists, physicists, chemist, metallurgists and engineers. Lead by Robert Oppenheimer in charge of developing nuclear arms [1].
One of the most sacred places in America is the Arlington National Cemetery. Each year heroes are laid to rest here. Families from across the nation visit Arlington throughout the year to pay respect to their love ones. Many American hero families who visit the Arlington Cemetery may have been mourning at the wrong grave.
Algonquin Park is the oldest and most famous provincial park in Ontario and one of the largest in Canada. It stretches across 7,725 kilometers of wild and beautiful lakes and forests, bogs and rivers, cliffs and beaches. This is why Algonquin is also known as a canoeist's and camper's paradise as far as the eye can see.
On the morning of August 6, 1945, a B-29 bomber named Enola Gay flew over the industrial city of Hiroshima, Japan and dropped the first atomic bomb ever. The city went up in flames caused by the immense power equal to about 20,000 tons of TNT. The project was a success. They were an unprecedented assemblage of civilian, and military scientific brain power—brilliant, intense, and young, the people that helped develop the bomb.
Outer space has always intrigued the human mind. Ever since humans have inhabited the Earth, they have always looked to the heavens. Ptolemy, who lived over two thousand years ago, dreamed of being with the stars. He said, “I know that I am mortal by nature, and ephemeral; but when I trace at my pleasure the windings to and fro of the heavenly bodies I no longer touch the earth with my feet: I stand in the presence of Zeus himself and take my fill of ambrosia” (Tyson). At that time, reaching the “final frontier” was not even remotely possible. Even in the late 19th century, few people believed such a feat was possible, and yet, a mere half a century later, the first man was launched into space (Irvine 5). How did the human race go from just dreaming about space to actually launching human beings into space in such a short time?