Bizmarck's Responsibility for Prussian Domination of Germany by 1866
In 1866 Prussia defeated Austria, which enabled Bizmarck to dissolve
the German Confederation and exclude Austria from German affairs for
good. However there is a great historical debate over how much of a
role Bizmarck actually played in the eventual Prussian domination of a
united Germany. There is no doubt that he played an important part but
other factors must be considered for instance how important the years
previous to 1862 when Bizmarck came to power were. Whether he had a
master plan all along and therefore very skilfully brought about
unification or whether he was a great opportunist who simply took
advantage of events as they happened will be discussed.
Undeniably he played a major role but he didn't unify Germany
single-handed on his entry to power he was given a great situation in
which unification was possible. W.E Moss once said "If Bismarck played
his hand with great skill, it was good hand in the first" he was given
these good cards in 1862 after years of political, military and
nationalistic advancement he was able to take the final step and unify
Germany.
The best card he received was the diplomatic situation in Europe in
1862 it was exceptionally favourable for unification. There were
previously two main obstacles to unification, the holy alliance
between Austria and Russia and the hostility of the French and by 1862
both obstacles had been removed. Austria had failed to help Russia in
the Crimean War and Russia had fought against Austria in the war in
North Italy and so there was no danger of Russia fighting for Austria
against Prussia. Also Napoleon III now in power in France dreamed of
re-organising Europe with borders of nationalism and also had troops
tied up in Mexico so it is most likely that France would not intervene
in German Unification. Professors of the Frankfurt parliament and
William IV of Prussia did not have such a favourable diplomatic
situation in 1848-51and so their failure to unify Germany in these
The focus of this study is the effect that Otto Von Bismarck's leadership and politics had on Pre-World War One tensions in Europe. This study investigates to what extent the actions of Otto Von Bismarck led to World War One. The focus of this study is the period between Bismarck's appointment to Minister President of Prussia on September 23, 1862 and the Austro-Hungarian declaration of war on Serbia on July 28, 1914. Bismarck's earlier career is discussed briefly but only as a method to understand his political attitudes. And similarly, as Bismarck was removed from office in 1890, the only events discussed between 1890 and 1914 will be based off of policies instilled by Bismarck, not those of Wilhelm II.
In the late 1800s, Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck used different strategical plans in order to gain as much power possible, the majority of the plans consisted of him taking advantage of the different political parties. Bismarck used many traditional political strategies in order to gain the power he craved for, such as creating harsh laws and prohibiting certain beliefs or ideas. Unfortunately, these strategies did not satisfy the people, so Bismarck later started to increase the welfare of the working class, apologized to the Socialists, and did much more to obtain more political strength which eventually created a new conservatism. In an effort to increase political power for the Kaiser, Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck uses liberal and traditional
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Before Frederick took charge Prussia was not a country. It was broken into separate territories. France and England had become very powerful in the 1600's and Prussia felt endangered. Frederick's father Frederick the I was the elector of Prussia. When Frederick came to power his goal was to make Prussia a country. He believed that good government was rational but also authoritarian. Frederick was the first modern organizer. He put most of the country's wealth intro the military. He believed that the key to a country's wealth was through its military. 80% of Prussia's income went to the military. Prussia selected people for the military through the draft. Eventually Frederick died and left the kingdom to his son. Frederick the great was left with a 72,000 person military. This was a great deal of people for such a little country. Prussia only had 2,000,000 people.
There were a number of events that occurred before eventually resulting in the reunification of Germany in 1871. The first steps towards the unification of Germany began in 1814 after the downfall of Napoleon’s ‘Rheinbund’ this began the period of restoration, where princes and knights etc. reclaimed their political control over their territory that they had under the old ‘Reich’ before 1789 (Mark Allinson, 2002).
Outbreak of World War I and Germany's Responsibility The War Guilt clause has been called the 'historical controversy par excellence[1]'. At the end of the war article 231 explicitly placed the guilt for 'all loss and damage' of the war on the defeated Germany and her allies. This clause was bitterly denied by Germany and has been a subject of keen debate ever since. The issuing of the 'blank cheque' to Austria in 1914, their strong "will to war", the aggressive
In the 1960’s-1970’s, violence increasingly became an important factor in the Student movement for liberation in West Germany. Different levels of oppression were applied to various countries around the world, including Vietnam which was oppressed by the U.S. Student activists shadowed the different movements, and slowly incorporated the various methods into their own movement in West Germany. Indeed, Student activists fought for their liberation through a combination of international methods, however, the fuel for their violent actions mainly came from the Black Power Movement in the U.S which was motivated by Frantz Fanon’s ideas on decolonization. During the 1960s-70s, West German activists began to view that the elite higher class exploitation of the youth who went against societal norms in West Germany was very similar to the discrimination towards the Black population of America due to their skin color. Because of the newfound similarities, the two groups decided to exchange ideas on gaining liberation. The student activists and the African-Americans involved in the movement engaged in personal exchanges by traveling to each other’s countries and observing the corruption on their own, while studying tactics of fighting back. Indeed, Rudi Deutschke, the face of the SDS himself, made a trip to America and visited the slums of New York and Chicago to witness accounts of oppression with his own eyes. Through their observation of the Black Power Movement in America, as well as their interactions with members of the movement, many West German activists (SDS) increasingly supported the idea that a violent approach was the only way to seek liberation. The Black Power movement also motivated Left Wing terrorists, such as Bommi Baum...
The Schutzstaffel (SS) started off as Adolf Hitler’s personal bodyguards. They later became one of the most feared and powerful organizations in all of Germany. Founded in 1925, the SS started off as a small group of eight members who were lead initially by Julius Schreck, a dedicated Hitler loyalist. The SS crew grew to more than 250,000 by the start of World War II. The SS did more than just guard Hitler; they guarded the concentration camps, and the Waffen-SS specialized in brutalizing and murdering people in territories occupied by the Nazi’s. The SS guards had an important role for Germany in World War II because they did most of Hitler’s work. The SS-VT were the SS guards that actually fought in the war, they were later named the Waffen-SS, who also caused terrorism. The regular SS’s guarding of Hitler, and of concentration camps affected the war in a major way.
Until the second half of the nineteenth century Germany wasn’t the country we identify it to be nowadays, it was made up by a handful of states, each with different laws, currencies and trade barriers. The moment the Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck was in charge of policies, things started to change, he essentially created Germany. In 1948, unification started, and each state became part of a whole, with the same laws and currency, and most importantly, trade barriers were abolished. Consequently, trade between the states grew radically and boosted technological industrial growth. The government encouraged growth through adapted policies, in addition, German banks were created and were able to supply credit and investments to somehow stimulate the appearance of new businesses. Furthermore, as a consequence of the railway construction, coal extraction and iron manufacture reached their highest points in the nineteenth century. However Bismarck’s main aim was to protect the new Germany from wars with Russia and France, and the way he chose to achieve his goal was by engaging in a foreign policy manipulating game with the European powers: he tried to maintain good relations with Hungary and Russia and isolate France.
Adolph Hitler once said, “Whoever lights the torch of war in Europe can wish for nothing but chaos.” Many of Hitler’s generals realized the truth of that statement. Multiple times they attempted to keep him from wreaking havoc on the German way of life. Their repeated warnings went unheard, resulting in Germany’s downfall. The German war effort was vastly influenced by the Anti-Nazi tendencies of Hitler’s senior officers.
The Weakness of the Weimar Republic and Hitler's Rise to Power The question directly relates to the idea that the political power of a country can be taken over by ambitious people in different ways. From our knowledge we know there is three ways this can be done…by take over by force, also known as a 'coup d'etat', in a more democratic and just way or by a political deal. In the 1920's and the 1930's Hitler led a right wing political party and was seen by many as a dictator. He wanted to overthrow and control the German government and he tried all three of these ways in an attempt to do so, some methods were more successful than others.
talented with his hands. It really makes you think if you were to lose a
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Bismarck's Foreign Policy „Versuche zu Dreien zu sein, solange die Welt durch das un sunny“ Gleichweighed the five Großmächten bestimmt! “ This was the general formula of Bismarck’s foreign policies meaning “When there are. five great powers be one of three. “ The five great powers at that time. were France, England, Russia, Austria-Hungary and the new United States.
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