B. Wet and Wrinkled Finger Dataset
To test the working of algorithm wet as well as wrinkled (WWF) dataset is used. In Wet and Wrinkled Finger (WWF) database . Data from 30 people for all ten fingers using a multispectral fingerprint scanner from Lumidigm (Venus series) was collected. 300 fingers were treated as separate identities. Multispectral sensors were specially used as they were effective for application . They were designed to function when the fingers are wet with dripping water, and they can acquire an image when the finger is not in contact with the platen. This is possible because the multispectral sensor was able to acquire subsurface features as well as surface feature even under poor conditions; this contrasts with frustrated total Internal reaction sensors that require sufficient moisture along the ridges, air gaps in the valleys, and a clean dry platen. For each finger, the database contains two types of images: a pressed image and an air image. A pressed image is a regular scan of a finger that is pressed against the platen. The air image is an image of a fingertip that is not pressed on the sensor platen and lies just above it. The sensor produces a grayscale composite image from the multispectral signal, a raw RGB image to visually inspect the fingerprint, and a quality image. In total there were 3600 acquisitions because each of the 300 fingers has four modes (Dry-Air, Dry-Pressed, Wet-Air and Wet-Pressed) and each of the four modes has 3 repetitions for samples. Inspection of 300 air images revealed wrinkling in 185 images, and the corresponding fingers have been labeled as having exhibited wrinkling. To stimulate finger wrinkling, both hands of thirty subjects were soaked for 30 minutes in warm water main...
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...hniques such as correlation-based matching, minutiae-based matching, and pattern-based (or image-based) matching uses standard dataset for testing purpose. But Practically due to some physical changes in finger during verification ,system gets failed. Various fingerprint matching techniques do not authenticate wrinkled fingers. Thus error rate gets increased when matching is done between dry and wet-wrinkled fingers .Thus proposed system will extract features which will not change even after wrinkling. The proposed system will use minutiae based matching due to which error rate can be reduced. The Wet and Wrinkled Fingerprint (WWF) dataset is used to check the performance of proposed system. In this dataset there are wrinkled fingers due to wetness also some samples of dry fingers. Thus proposed matching algorithm will improve fingerprint recognition for wet fingers.
When it comes to identical twins we have come to learn that twin identical or not will not have the same fingerprint. Fingerprints are unique and are made to identify a person. So even when you clone humans or other primates I believe that the Friction ridge pattern will be similar but not exactly the same. I believe that in the process of the cloning process something will cause the fingerprints to come out different. Because cloning is dangerous there has yet to be a human cloning, but there have been cloning of monkeys and according to the data even though the monkey was cloned the fingerprint still isn’t the same.
Now-a-day, biometric authentication system or simply biometric system, offers a reliable and user-friendly solution to the problem of identity management by establishing the identity of an individual based on “who the person is”, rather than the knowledge-based i.e. “what the person knows" or token-based i.e. “what the person carries” (Jain et al., 1999). The word biometrics is derived from the Greek words bios (meaning life) and metron (meaning measurement); biometric identifiers are measurements from living human body (Maltoni et al., 2003). Biometric system refers to automatically identify or verify an individual's identity based on his physiological characteristics (e.g. fingerprints, face, iris and hand geometry) and behavioral characteristics (e.g. gait, voice and signature) (Figure 2.1). Ancillary characteristics (also known as soft biometric) such as gender, ethnicity, age, eye color, skin color, scars and tatoos also provide some information about the identity of a person. However, soft biometric traits do not provide sufficient evidence to precisely determine the identity (Jain et al., 2004a). Biometric traits provide a unique and permanent binding between an individual and his identity. This “binding" cannot be easily lost, forgotten, shared or forged and free from making false repudiation claims. Biometrics offers several advantages over conventional security measures. These include
By the 19th century, the criminology research scholars have had a keen interest in biometric identification, they hope to combine physical characteristics with criminal tendencies, which resulting in a series of measuring devices, and also collected a large amount of data. Since then, the concept of measuring a person's physical characteristics are finalized, fingerprints also become the identification of international methodological standards for public security agencies. People often debate whether fingerprints have absolutely unique, and also thought that the different countries have the different standard for identifying fingerprints. So far, it is still the most widely methods of public security organs, and the process is also automated.
Having the ability to identify types of prints and surfaces, and the corresponding techniques to develop the prints, has helped crime scene investigators identify criminals and victims of scenes, and aided in the prosecution of defendants in the criminal justice system. Although the history and techniques go far beyond what was discussed in these few pages, it is important as a law enforcement officer or investigator to understand the very basics of how fingerprint identification began, and the simple techniques used to develop them today.
the orientation field by adopting an orientation field model described in [5]. According to the orientation field and a predefined ridge frequency, the ridges of the fingerprint are iteratively grown from an initial image which records the minutiae local pattern.
Biometrics is described as the use of human physical features to verify identity and has been in use since the beginning of recorded history. Only recently, biometrics has been used in today’s high-tech society for the prevention of identity theft. In this paper, we will be understanding biometrics, exploring the history of biometrics, examples of today’s current technology and where biometrics are expected to go in the future.
Fingerprinting information varies in numerous ways. Each person’s fingerprints are different in someway (Unique). The technical term is actually “DNA fingerprinting” because us as a person obviously cant just take a look at a fingerprint and see the difference; we must analyze the actual DNA behind it. Sometimes a miss concept of most people is, that fingerprints stay perfectly fresh for extended periods of time. Partial fingerprints and even degraded full fingerprints can turn up to be useless sometimes. Fingerprints are not admissible if they are 99.9% sure, they must be 100% or a Forensics lab will not support them. DNA Fingerprinting, and the fingerprints that are at the tips of your actual fingers are two different things. The ones we a...
The oldest form of biometrics is fingerprint matching. The earliest record was recorded in 1856 (Watrall, 10/14/03). The finger has unique, immutable fingerprints that are made of serious of ...
Fingerprinting is one of the most beneficial pieces of evidence one could acquire while searching a crime scene because fingerprints can lead the investigating officer right to the suspect. It is next to impossible to hide, change, or lie about one’s fingerprints because there are no known cases of two fingerprints being exactly alike. Fingerprints cannot be altered or destroyed through burning or cutting through the skin. There are three types of fingerprints and three basic formations that create the unique and rare fingerprints found throughout the world. Fingerprints are classified by general shape, position within the finger, and relative size. Knowing the types of fingerprints, how to identify them, and how to collect them can be crucial in a criminal...
Judson, Olivia. (2008). Sticky fingers: fingerprints are one of the oldest biometric measures of identity. What do we actually know about them? Natural History. 117.10. p16.
The term biometrics is commonly known as the field of development of statistical and mathematical methods applicable to data analysis problems in the biological sciences. Though, even more recently it has taken on a whole new definition. Biometrics is an amazing new topic referring to “the emerging field of technology devoted to the identification of individuals using biological traits, based on retinal or iris scanning, fingerprints, or face recognition”. Biometrics has already begun using applications that range from attendance tracking with a time clock to security checkpoints with a large volume of people. The growing field of biometrics has really been put on the map by two things, the technological advances made within the last 20 years, and the growing risk of security and terrorism among people all over the world. In this paper I will focus on: the growing field of biometrics, why it is important to our future, how the United States government has played a role in its development and use, the risks involved, the implications on public privacy, and further recommendations received from all over the science and technology field.
During the 19th century the study of fingerprints had emerged. The past few centuries we have had numerous developments in fingerprinting. A lot of people give this credit to Francis Galton, who conducted the first study of fingerprint patterns. Galton’s research showed that no two fingerprints are identical; his theory on fingerprints changed the world and the criminal justice system as a whole. Galton studied numerous fingerprints and came to the conclusion that not even identical twins will have the same fingerprints. This finding helped build the justice system and forensic science as we all once knew it. According to Galton fingerprint impressions fall into three different categories, they are loop, arch, and whorl. Another fingerprint known as latent print is a fingerprint that is formed by sweat. This type of fingerprint is not visible to the naked eye; usually a gray or black powder is used to pick up latent prints. Now that we know the three basic categories of fingerprinting, we must take a better look at how fingerprints are identified. Once we understand how they’re identified to others, we will look at some of the landmark cases that helped DNA become what it is today.
Some of the biometric methods used for identification purpose are voice, retina, DNA, iris, hand geometry, odor, fingerprint, hand thermo-gram, Palm-print and the most common and feasible method i.e. Face recognition. Each biometric technique used for identification has its advantages and its limitations, such as price, flexibility, system reliability and the most important the need to be physically in touch with the Face Recognition device used for scanning, so when developing a system for biometric identification these limitations must also be
Biometrics can be used as a method of identification for accessing a computer, room, or anything where identity needs to be provided to access information or equipment. Some people resist biometrics because of the concerns in which their privacy will be invaded or they think technology is getting too intrusive on people personal lives. Biometrics is not flawless and does have some privacy related issues. There are mechanism that can be put in place which could mitigate these problems and concerns. Some biometrics may not meet due to undue resistance from potential users and may be recommended to the manager to use password-based access controls instead.
Finger print detection is a really good way to find criminals. Finger prints are excellent on finding the exact criminal because no two fingerprints are exactly the same(Source #1, 1982-Galton, sentence 3) . So once you match the fingerprint with one person then thats the criminal or whoever you are looking for. All you have to do is take advantage of the friction ridge patterns