Harald became the first of the Bohr brothers to earn a master’s degree. Niels earned his 9 months later. The students in his class had to submit a thesis on a subject assigned by their supervisor. Bohr’s supervisor was Christiansen, and the topic he gave them was the electron theory of metals. Bohr then elaborated his master’s thesis in to his much larger theory “Doctor of Philosophy” thesis. He questioned the literature on the subject ,settling on a model assumed by Paul Drude and elaborated by Hendrik Lorentz ,which stated in which the electrons on a meta; are considered to behave like a gas. Bohr enlarged Lorentz model, but still unable to account for singularities like the Hall Effect, and decided that the electron theory could not fully explain the magnetic properties of metals. The theory was directed in April of 1911, and Bohr conducted his defense in May of 1911. Bohr’s thesis was groundbreaking, but didn’t attracted much attention outside of Scandinavia because it was written in Danish, a Copenhagen University requirement at the time. In 1921 the Dutch physicist Hendrika Johanna van Leeuwen independently derived a theorem from Bohr’s theory and today that is known as the Bohr−van Leeuwen Theorem. In 1911 Bohr traveled to England, which was where most of theoretical work in the structures of atoms were being done. He met with J.J. Thomson of Cavendish Laboratory and Trinity College, Cambridge. He attended lectures on electromagnetism given by James jean and Joseph Larmor and decided to do some research on cathode rays, but failed to impress Thomson. He had more success with younger physicists like Australian William Lawrence Bragg, and New Zealand’s Ernest Rutherford, whose 1911 Rutherford method of the atom had challenged...
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...ns Cemetery in the Norrebro section of Copenhagen, along with the rest of his family that had passed before. October 7, 1965, the institute was officially renamed it to what it unofficially had been called: the Niels Bohr Institute.
Although Bohr Died his legacy didn’t . In 1912 He and Margrethe got married and soon after the wedding they had children ,they had 6 sons. The oldest son Christian, died in a boating accident in 1934 and another Harald died from childhood meningitis. Aage Bohr became a very successful physicist, and in 1975 he was also awarded a Nobel Prize in physics like his father. Hans Henrik becam a physician; Erik became a chemical engineer and Ernest became a lawyer. Each of the men followed In the Bohr men footsteps ,Like uncle Harald, Ernest Bohr became an Olympic Athlete , he played field hockey for Denmark in the summer of 1948 in London.
Hantaro Nagaoka was born in Omura,Nagasaki Prefecture Japan in 1865. He was a physicist and a pioneer of Japanese physics in the Meiji Period. The electron was actually located on the outside of the atom. Hantaro was educated at the Department of Physics at the Tokyo University. After graduating in 1887 he worked with a visiting British physicist ,Cargill Gilston Knott, on magnetism. In 1893 he traveled to Europe, where he continued his work at the universities in Berlin, Munich, and Vienna. He also attended, in 1900, the First in Paris, where he heard Marie Curies Lecture on radioactivity which aroused his interest in atom physics at Tokyo university till 1925. After his retirement he was appointed as a scientist in REKON, and also served as the first president of Osaka University.
Between 1892 and 1896, Nagaoka studied abroad in Vienna, Berlin, and Munich, where he was particularly fascinated by Ludwig Boltzmann’s course in the Kinetic Theory of Gases and Maxwell’s work on the stability of Saturn’s rings. Two influences which would later lead to the development of the Saturnian model of the atom in 1904. He traveled to many places...
Born as the eldest son, March 16, 1911, in Gunzburg, Germany was Josef Mengele. His father was a very wealthy business owner of a manufacturing company of farming equipment. Josef grew up with a strict catholic religion. Later being accepted the University of Munich and obtaining a degree in philosophy. He then pursued a medical degree from the University of Frankfurt am Main, concentrating on physical anthropology and genetics (Killer File). “In January of 1937, at the Institute for Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene in Frankfurt, he became the assistant of Dr. Otmar von Verschuer, a leading science figure widely known for his research with twins” (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). In 1937 Josef Mengele earned his medical degree and made the decision to enlist into the Nazi Party. This is where a man that everyone perceived as smart, intelligent, and nice turned into what he would soon be called, “the angel of death”.
Heinrich Himmler was the Reich Leader of the SS of the Nazi party from 1929 until 1945. Himmler controlled a huge ideological and bureaucratic empire that made him distinct for many, both inside and outside the Third Reich, as the second most influential man in Germany behind Hitler himself, during World War II. Given overall responsibility for the security of the Nazi empire, Himmler was the senior Nazi official responsible for conceiving and overseeing execution of the Final Solution, the Nazi plan to rid Europe of Jews. Himmler was born into a middle-class, Catholic family in Munich, Germany, on October 7, 1900. His father, taught at Ludwig high school gymnasium in Munich. In 1913, Himmler's family relocated to Landshut, a town located about 40 miles northeast of Munich, after Himmler’s father took the job of assistant principal of the Gymnasium in Landshut. An intelligent man with good capacity for organization, young Himmler was passionately patriotic. During World War I, he fantasized of service on the front as an officer, left high school to begin training as an officer. On November 11, 1918, however, before Himmler's training was through, Germany signed the armistice that would end World War I. Crushing Himmler’s dream of serving.
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is a representation of the new prospect of upward mobility in colonial America during the 18th century and the development of the Age of Reason, which assisted in the conception of the idea of the “American Dream”; a dream that includes fundamentally social ideals such as democracy, equality, and material prosperity. Furthermore, Franklin’s autobiography exemplifies a significant shift in focus from religion to enlightenment and reason. Additionally, there were forces specific to Benjamin Franklin's Philadelphia, that played an important role in his perspectives and the changes that occurred within colonial America during the 18th century.
Jethro was born from parents George and Scarlette McHenry September 11, 1845; he was given the christian name of Jefferson Andrew McHenry, but all he had ever been called is Jethro. His father and mother were the son and daughter of wealthy plantation owners. George, having three older brothers and having no chance of inheriting the plantation, went deep into the hills of the Appalachian Mountains somewhere in South Carolina, where his grandfather had made his living making corn whiskey, and took his bride with him. They retreated to a holler in a hill facing the South East with clear mountain springs that provided them cool clean water, which his grandfather had used for his ‘shine and so would George. There in the gully, they lived for a
Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson hosted NOVA ScienceNow and appeared on such shows as The Daily Show and Real Time with Bill Maher.
“The color of the skin is in no way connected with strength of the mind or intellectual powers”. The words of wisdom from the intelligent Mathematician by the name of Benjamin Banneker. Benjamin Banneker was an African American almanac author and writer and farmer. He was born in Ellicott’s Mills, Maryland on November 9th, 1731. Benjamin was the first African-American to invent the first functioning clock. Benjamin was a self-educated black man who had known about math and astronomy which is a branch of science that deals with objects, space and the physical universe.
In 1907, Einstein used Planck’s hypothesis of quantization to explain why the temperature of a solid changed by different amounts if you put the same amount of heat into the material. Since the early 1800’s, the science of spectroscopy had shown that different elements emit and absorb specific colors of light called “spectral lines.” In 1888, Johannes Rydberg derived an equation that described the spectral lines emitted by hydrogen, though nobody could explain why the equation worked. This changed in 1913 when Danish physicist Niel Bohr applied Planck’s hypothesis of quantization to Ernest Rutherford’s 1911 “planetary” model of the atom, which affirmed that electrons orbited the nucleus the same way that planets orbit the sun. Bohr offered an explanation for why electrical attraction does not make the electrons spiral into the nucleus. He said that electrons in atoms can change their energy only by absorbing or emitting quanta. When an electron absorbs a quantum it moves quickly to orbit farther from nucleus. When an electron emits a quantum the electron jumps to a closer
Elie Wiesel was born on September 30, 1928. Elie is a writer, political activist, Nobel Laureate, and surviver of the Holocaust. He is the author of over 40 books, the best known of which is Night. Wiesel was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986. The Norwegian Nobel Committee called him a “messenger to mankin”. Elie was born in Sighet, a small town in Romania, to his father Shlomo and Mother Sarah Wiesel. Elie Wiesel had three sisters: Hilda and Bea, who were older than he, and Tzipora, who was the youngest in the family. On May 16, 1944, the Hungarian authorities deported the Jewish community, including Elie and his family, in Sighet to Auschwitz – Birkenau. Auschwitz was the first camp Elie was sent to. On January 28, 1945, just a few weeks after the two were marched to Buchenwald and only months before the camp was liberated by the American Army on April 11. Sadly Wiesel's father suffered from dysentery, starvation, and exhaustion, and was later sent to the crematoria. The last word his father spoke was “Eliezer”, Elie's name. After the war, Elie was placed in a French orphanage, where he learned the French language and was soon reunited with his two older sisters, Hilda and Bea (Tzipora was murdered at the camps), who had also survived the war. In 1948, Elie began studying philosophy at the Sorbonne. Elie also taught hebrew, and was a choir master before going on to becoming a Journalist, for Israli and French newspapers.
There was a great deal of tragedy that occurred in Dahl's family while he was growing up, and while he was a parent as well. It all began when his sister, Astri died of appendicitis in 1920. Roald's father, Harald Dahl, quickly deteriorated and died of pneumonia a few months later. Pneumonia was treatable, but only if the patient is willing and will fight to stay healthy and alive. Harald refused to fight, therefore the disease took its toll and he died. Most people believe he died of a broken heart.
Richard P. Feynman was born in 1918 in Brooklyn; in 1942 he received his Ph.D. from Princeton. Already displaying his brilliance, Feynman played an important role in the development of the atomic bomb through his work in the Manhattan Project. In 1945 he became a physics teacher at Cornell University, and in 1950 he became a professor at the California Institute of Technology. He, along with Sin-Itero and Julian Schwinger, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 for his work in the field of quantum electrodynamics.
Rene Descartes had many creative inventions. He was a great philosopher and mathematician. On July 19, 1635 he had a daughter named Francine Descartes. Rene lived in Netherlands for more than 20 years but he died in Stockholm, Sweden. He passed away on February 11, 1650. His health was fragile since he was at a young age.
John Dalton also published a lot of papers on atoms. His most famous article was on "absorption of gases by water and other liquids," this article contained his atomic theory.
Scientists from earlier times helped influence the discoveries that lead to the development of atomic energy. In the late 1800’s, Dalton created the Atomic Theory which explains atoms, elements and compounds (Henderson 1). This was important to the study of and understanding of atoms to future scientists. The Atomic Theory was a list of scientific laws regarding atoms and their potential abilities. Roentagen, used Dalton’s findings and discovered x-rays which could pass through solid objects (Henderson 1). Although he did not discover radiation from the x-rays, he did help lay the foundations for electromagnetic waves. Shortly after Roentagen’s findings, J.J. Thompson discovered the electron which was responsible for defining the atom’s characteristics (Henderson 2). The electron helped scientists uncover why an atom responds to reactions the way it does and how it received its “personality”. Dalton’s, Roentagen’s and Thompson’s findings helped guide other scientists to discovering the uses of atomic energy and reactions. Such applications were discovered in the early 1900’s by using Einstein’s equation, which stated that if a chain reaction occurred, cheap, reliable energy could b...