Professed "painter of the Reformation," Lucas Cranach the Elder created many pieces of artwork during his career, but his work that sprouted from the end of the Renaissance and beginning of the Reformation was truly inspiring (Johnson). Judith with the Head of Holofernes, an inspiring oil on panel by Cranach, impacted society in multiple ways that would remain influential even after his death. Cranach's work played a critical role in the beginning of the Reformation and pleased the royal court in Germany during the mid 1500s, which allowed him to rise as an artist and support dangerous organizations in his spare time. This enthralling artist's specific piece was the beginning of a religious motif that would appear in his later works and inspire artists of all beliefs. Lucas Cranach the Elder impacted society through his painting Judith with the Head of Holofernes and helped shape Reformation artwork in Germany throughout his career.
Lucas Cranach the Elder had a thrilling and dangerous experience during his career as an artist, as he involved himself with risky religious organizations as well as his enemy, the royal court, and became one of the most influential artists of his time. Cranach was born into a family of painters, continuing the family legacy when he was elected Royal Painter for the Saxon Court and began to build his artistic career from this opportunity. In fact, Cranach's artwork was so favored in the court that he was elected three more times to stay and held the position for nearly five decades (Thöne and King). His success led to a large income and he became the richest man in his Lutheran stronghold (Kunz and Schmitt). As you can imagine, being such a wealthy citizen, Cranach's social status continued t...
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Franz Xaver Winterhalter was born of peasant stock, in Mensenschwad, a small village in Germany’s Black Forest. His early training, as an apprentice in a studio in Freiburg, began when he was thirteen. He learned engraving and he supported himself as a lithographer, while he studied painting in Munich (nga, par.1). Even though he is known to be an academic painter, this seems to be a contradiction, as Webster’s Dictionary states that an academic painter followed rules and conventions, while a painter from the Romantic Movement broke away from convention and painted more by feeling and freedom of form, which is what Winterhalter did.
A University of San Diego professor whose daughter’s disappearance become a recurring factor in his life, has finally gotten the peace he deserves. After approximately five years of three unsolved murders, assailant David Allen Lucas, was convicted and sentenced to death. Lucas was a carpet cleaner from Spring Valley, CA and was 23 when he first committed a murder, but this was not his first time being convicted. In 1973, at the age of 18 Lucas was incarcerated after being convicted of raping a 21-year-old maid who had worked for a family friend.
Development in art often follows two tracks: development over a period of time and also differences in regional development. Both changes are seen in the comparison of Barna di Siena’s Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine and Rogier van der Weyden’s Saint Luke Drawing the Virgin and Child. Originating in Italy, the Renaissance began in the mid to late 13th century. Barna da Siena was one of the early Renaissance artists influenced by Duccio di Buoninsegna and Simone Martini. Barna di Siena’s painting is dated around 1340 and Rogier van der Weyden’s painting was painted nearly a century later around 1435. Rogier van der Weyden had the advantage of development in perspective and modeling that developed over time, but was also from the Flemish school of art, a style totally different from that of the early Italian Renaissance artists. What lends these paintings so readily to comparison is the fact that the general symmetrical composition of two main figures and the sizes of the two are approximately the same. However, it is clear that a century and a different region has created stylized differences that are very clear.
The Sandro Botticelli was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance who painted many famous works. The Annunciation 1485, this picture is one of the jewels of 15th century Italian art, embodying the achievement that made Florence so famous and influential. On the other hand, the annunciation 1475 painted by Early Netherlandish Han Memling is one of the largest surviving depiction of the annunciation, with the varied composition in the work. Both works represented the European painting in that period, with different painting technique, and offers artists ways of skills. The artists depicted the human form, and architectural spaces, and illustrated the relationship between both, as well as the elements of the subject matter were expressed. Han Memling used the motif and styles which created a great effect.
The Baroque era was born out of the Roman Catholic Church’s Counter Reformation, during which the church made considerable efforts to strengthen the relationship between the secular world and the religious order. In an effort to engage the common people and create piety, the Catholic Church wanted art to appeal to human emotions. Gentileschi successfully accomplishes this in her painting, Judith Slaying Holofernes. By infusing the Apocryphal tale of Judith with dramatic techniques such as chiaroscuro and foreshortening, she created a deeply moving and realistic piece of art that engages the viewer physically and emotionally, which is quintessential to the Baroque style.
In summary, Lucas Cranach the Elder's Virgin and Child represents everything that major artists and painters of that era stood for in their artwork; they thought highly of religion. Cranach the Elder's use of composition, light and dark shadows, and space are a few of the many elements that are incorporated by him flawlessly. This incorporation of formal elements correlates to the style of the Virgin and Child. Due in part to the Protestant Reformation's influence at the time, an audience can see that the painting Virgin and Child is product of that era. Lucas Cranach the Elder's Virgin and Child, while it may be an unorthodox depiction of biblical times, provides unprecedented use of oil paint on lime as a medium, as well as integrating formal and stylistic elements that artists still use to this day.
Josef was born on March 19, 1888 in Bottrop, Germany. At the age of 17 he became an elementary school teacher. By 25 he studied in Berlin to expand his skills and become a certified art teacher. Through the years he continued to build his education attending several art academies; The School of Arts and Crafts, Munich Academy, and Franz von Stuck. In 1922 he enrolled to Bauhaus, a teaching institution in Weimar, Germany. Here at Bauhaus is where his achievements began and where he met his lifetime partner, Anni. In 1925 he was the first student invited to join the faculty staff and pronounced “Jungmeister” or “Young Master”. Josef taught various art classes and developed his own techniques as a figurative artist studying printmaking, stain glass, furniture as well as writi...
throughout time there has been a lot of artist who have shown the history of the great leaders whether it is in a religious way or political way. There are many different viewpoints an artist can represent through a painting to help the viewer understand the beliefs and thoughts throughout that specific time. They can also illustrate the followers that led them into power. I wanted to analyze the followers of Christ and see how each era brought a new outlook on the life of Christ. Being that we have learned a lot about the rise of Christianity thought out the XIV century to the XX century. Reformation was a big thing during these centuries and many people contributed in the reformation in the 16th century. Luther, Calvin, Tyndale and the Anabaptists.
First is Rogier Van der Weyden, “The Deposition” on which such terms Skull of Adam which explains reminder Christ died to redeem Adam’s sin and Symbol of Archer’s guild which tells tiny crossbows to act as a reminder that Ghent Archer’s Guild paid for Altarpiece in the painting. Another culture in France, which has one of the famous art pieces that explain the Disguised Symbolism, and is Limbourg Brothers (Pol, Herman, Jean) October 1413-1416. This painting describes "The Limbourg brothers expanded the illusionistic capabilities of manuscript painting with their care in rendering architectural details and convincing depiction of cast shadows” (Kleiner 571). My initial impressions of this painting are the functional calendar across the top and castle scene below complete with a horse. Within the bottom picture, I noticed the unfortunate individual in ragged clothes lower in the picture. The farming rows separate the landowner on horseback plowing then a hunter. Higher up is the river and fishermen, then individuals with fancier dress including hates walking a street. Highest in the bottom picture is the castle for nobility. The tallest tower touches the above picture of a god driving a chariot. The very top is the calendar month which shows pictures representing astrological signs of the
Imagine pondering into a reconstruction of reality through only the visual sense. Without tasting, smelling, touching, or hearing, it may be hard to find oneself in an alternate universe through a piece of art work, which was the artist’s intended purpose. The eyes serve a much higher purpose than to view an object, the absorptions of electromagnetic waves allows for one to endeavor on a journey and enter a world of no limitation. During the 15th century, specifically the Early Renaissance, Flemish altarpieces swept Europe with their strong attention to details. Works of altarpieces were able to encompass significant details that the audience may typically only pay a cursory glance. The size of altarpieces was its most obvious feat but also its most important. Artists, such as Jan van Eyck, Melchior Broederlam, and Robert Campin, contributed to the vast growth of the Early Renaissance by enhancing visual effects with the use of pious symbols. Jan van Eyck embodied the “rebirth” later labeled as the Renaissance by employing his method of oils at such a level that he was once credited for being the inventor of oil painting. Although van Eyck, Broederlam, and Campin each contributed to the rise of the Early Renaissance, van Eyck’s altarpiece Adoration of the Mystic Lamb epitomized the artworks produced during this time period by vividly incorporating symbols to reconstruct the teachings of Christianity.
Koerner, Joseph L. The Moment of Self-Portraiture in German Renaissance Art. Chicago, Il: University of Chicago Press, 1993. 25-28.
During the 15th century, Europe started to have different cultural traditions that impacted the type artwork of artwork that was produced. There are several elements that have evolved during this time. Two artworks will be compared so that we will be able to evaluate how various techniques that are used can be used to portray the meaning of the painting as well as how the audience views the scene as well. One of the paintings that we will compare is a Annunciation panel (from the Merode Triptych), which was painted by Robert Campin in 1426. This painting will be compared to Holy Trinity, which was created by Masaccio in 1425. By comparing these two paintings, we will get a sense of what themes and ideals were valued during this time period.
The Christian Church was absolutely instrumental in the art of the Renaissance. It was the driving force behind every inspiration; without the Church, there would have been no art. The Church was the only institution powerful enough to be able to support the commissions of all of the artwork, and it was the only institution, in which people had enough faith and devotion to spend so much of their time and money creating pieces that—although beautiful—were not necessities. The role of religion in art actually began during the Byzantine era. During this time, all artwork was religious in nature, and most of it was done in a consistently similar style so that figures from the Bible could be easily recognized by everyone and so that people had a consistent view of religious matters. Art during this time was largely iconic, meant to inspire the awe of God in the viewer. Along with various versions of the crucifix, one of the most popular images of the Byzantine style was The Pantokrator, an image of Jesus Christ as shown from above. An example of one of these pieces was done in the twelfth century in the abbey church of Monreale in the city of Palermo. Jesus is a monumental figure that takes up much of the space across the apse of the Church. One of his hands forms a mudra as the other holds the scripture. His fully frontal and direct stance along with the glimmering gold background serves to strike awe and fear into the viewer. Clearly this piece was done with the intent to impress the value and mightiness of religion first and attention to the detail and technique of the art second.
Popularised due to the increase of wealth in Italy during the Renaissance, Patronage played an important role in the development of individual geniuses in art. Many wealthy families of the aristocratic Italy contributed greatly to the success of many artists in this time. They did this by drawing attention to the arts and supporting the industry by commissioning visual propaganda, works of art for displays of prestige and memorials. Patronage involved the patron commissioning and specifying most of the aspects of an artwork to an artist. These aspects include size, medium, subject matter, and precious materials used within the artwork. Though the specificity of commissions seems to limit an artist greatly, artists were in high demand, and still, individual geniuses emerged over the masses. But to be considered a genius, an artist would have to have developed expertise in many areas and in a wide range of subj...
Burton, Linda, Janet Ditmer, and Janet Loveless. What's a Smart Woman Like You Doing at