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Gender pay gaps articles bibliography
Gender pay gaps articles bibliography
Male to female wage gap
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Equal pay for men and women for the equal work is a vital subject of great concern to society in general and employees in particular, a disproportion in wage payment leads to unrest and discontent. Though labour welfare enactments have provided various protections, safeguards and benefits to working women in our country. There was an growing need to give more protection to female workers who are discriminated as regards employment and wages. The wages of women have traditionally had a tendency to lag behind those of men except in few cases. Moreover, the net earnings of the women have traditionally tended to lag behind those of men except in few cases. Moreover, the net earnings of the women always happen to be lower than those of men. Women …show more content…
Secondly, technological changes, fixation of minimum work load and standardization of wages, rationalization and automation of schemes and certain occupations being found hazardous, they have necessitated reduction of expenditure of women workers. The economic reasons involving additional cost is an obstruction to women employment. Some employers recruit unmarried women only, on condition to resign their post on getting married. This has been discriminatory, unfair and …show more content…
The directive principle under Article 39(d) of the constitution proclaim "equal pay for equal work" for both men and women means equal pay for equal work for every one and as between the sexes. Directive Principles have to be read into the fundamental rights as a matter of interpretation. Article 14 enjoins the state not to deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of laws and Article 16 declares that there shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the
Throughout the world, discrimination in all forms has continued to be a constant struggle; whether it’s racial, gender based, religion, beliefs, appearance or anything that makes one person different from another, it’s an everyday occurrence. A major place that discrimination is occurring at is in the workplace. One of the largest problems discrimination issues is believed to be gender. Women, who have the same amount of experience as men are not getting paid at the same rate as men, these women also are equally trained and educated. According to the article Gender Pay, it was discovered in 2007 that a woman makes 81 cents for every dollar a man earns.(“Gender Pay”) . This shouldn’t be happening in today’s society for the fact the society lived in today is suppose to be more accepting. Men are viewed as being more popular, valuable and having higher powers than women. The Reason Discrimination is involved in the equal pay equal work is because of the significance it has to how some businesses pay their employees.
The article The Complex Causes of the Gender Pay Gap written by Barbara Wagner, she shows “Economic research on the gender pay gap has found many reasons for the differences in pay between men and women, including different career and education choices, differences in work experience, and, yes, discrimination. Both male and female managers are equally likely to demonstrate gender bias in hiring and pay” (Wagner, 2015).
To resolve the gender wage gap, the government should consult with employers in federally-regulated sectors to apply a gender-based analysis to the design, development, implementation and evaluation of the policy. The law should clearly outline the systematic discrimination that women face in the workforce. This policy would entail employers to determine whether gender-based disparities exists and reevaluate the current pay system from an equity perspective to ensure and promote pay transparency. The law of ensuring pay equity should first be applied to the public sector, including federal public servants, employees of Crown cooperation and federally regulated companies. After this law has been found to be effective, it is also recommended that private corporations follow the same suit and comply with the pay equity
Women have faced gender wage discrimination for decades. The gender pay gap is the difference between what a male and a female earns. It happens when a man and a woman standing next to each other doing the same job for the same number of hours get paid different salaries. On average, full-time working- women earn just “77 cents for every dollar a man earn.” When you compare a woman and a man doing the same job, “the pay gap narrows to 81 percent (81%)” (Rosin). Fifty-one years ago, in order to stop the gender gap discrimination, Congress enacted the Equal Pay Act of 1963. The act states that all women should receive “equal pay for equal work”. Unfortunately, even in 2014 the gender pay gap persists and even at the highest echelons of the corporate; therefore, the equal pay act is a failure.
Throughout the history of the world, discrimination in all forms has been a constant struggle, whether it is race, gender, religion, appearance or anything else that makes one person different from another, it is happening every day. One significant discrimination problem that is affecting many women takes place in the workplace. As of recently, the gender wage gap has become a major topic for discussion. The gender wage gap is the average difference between men and women's aggregate hourly earnings. Women who are equally trained and educated, and with the same experience, are getting paid way less than men.
Women in Australia have been fighting toward the right of equal pay since the early 1900's. The principal for equal pay for equal work has been recognised as a human right in the Universal Declaration of Rights in 1948. " The Gender Pay Gap is defined as the relative difference in the average gross hourly earnings of women and men within the economy as a whole." Australia is performing
Equal Pay for Women When it comes to women’s work the first constant jobs they did often comes to mind, which is the everyday up keeping of their family and property. Women have progressed tremendously when it comes to labour. They have done the work that the men did not want to do and taken on multiple other jobs while they were still doing their jobs within their households. Women have proven their worth by hard work at their domestic jobs.
Four hundreds of years, laborers in the United States have worked for the same hours, the same position and the same qualifications, but their wages are not equal. This difference is due to gender. Based on the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau, on average "women earn 22 percent less than men, or 64 percent of what white were paid". The gender pay gap is bad furthermore the racial pay gap is worse. That is completely unfair because the basis to differentiate between workers must be the qualifications only. Regardless of the gender or race, According to the 14th amendment there must be equality in workers' wages. Based on citizenship rights, which should be treated on an equal footing. In this case, the government
Pay equity programs attempt to address the undervaluation for work traditionally or historically done by women. Pay equity (also referred to as “comparable worth”) programs require a gender-neutral analysis of comparative work. A variety of very different jobs are compared based on a composite of the skill, effort and responsibility of a job and the conditions under which the job is generally done. The comparison determines the relative worth of those jobs to the achievement of a firm’s objectives, under the proposition that equal contribution merits equal compensation. Where female-dominated jobs in the workplace are found to be of equal or comparable value to male-dominated jobs but paid below the level of the male jobs or payline, then all employees in those female-dominated jobs are entitled to receive pay equity adjustments.
For many years in United States, equal salary pay for women has been a major issue that women have been fighting for decades. This began back in World War II, when the National Labor Board urged equalize the salary rates for women with the same rates that males were getting of the same professions. (Rowen) Although, traditionally most women do not work to provide for there family and there are not so many independent women during World War II. After World War II more women lost their jobs to veterans returning to the workforce. Women in the workforce after the war have been discriminated ever since. The idea of women as weak and cannot perform there jobs
population in the country and because of no fixed salary, some women who can actually obtain a job are only paid a third of what male employees are paid monthly. Much of the gender discr...
For many decades, women have faced inequalities in the workforce. At one point, they were not allowed to work at all. Although women's rights have improved and are now able to work alongside men, they are still treated unfairly. According to the 2012 U.S. Census, women’s earnings were “76.5 percent of men’s” (1). In 2012, men, on average, earned $47,398 and women earned only $35,791.
Women’s right to equal pay or gender pay gap has been a subject of discussion over the years in the united states, women perform similar jobs to men, but are paid
Gender is a concept that describes the differences between men and women as a result of the socio-cultural construction of society (Mohd Anuar, 2014). Injustice and discrimination often occur against women and minority groups in obtaining the right to get the opportunities provided by the government in improving living standards. This also will cause negative emotional impact on female employees if left behind. As a result, the woman worker would suffer low motivation to work, reducing productivity and job performance. The authority of a woman is also likely to be threatened if things like this happen in their organization. Work culture that discriminates against women workers is also often affects employees who have been working. Therefore there will be
However, the entry of women into labor force is not simple as could be. There is still a pr...