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Human free will philosophy essays
Artificial intelligence moral issues
Aristotle views on metaphysics
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The world around us is becoming increasingly more automated. Artificial intelligence (AI) is being created at rapid rates and eventually, maybe even sometime soon, humans will have to decide whether to grant this artificial intelligence rights. The debate is prominent amongst technology experts and philosophers alike, and both sides of the argument have valid points.
Artificial intelligence is becoming more advanced and may one day have its own sense of self. University of Oxford mathematician Marcus du Sautoy claims that if the artificial intelligence has a sense of itself, it should be given rights (Dockrill). The discussion is becoming even more relevant due to current day researchers learning more about how thinking and consciousness work
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If an AI were created that fully matches human thinking and consciousness, it should definitely be granted rights. However, I am not sure how we will determine when this time comes. Also, I think it should be taken into consideration the implications of granting certain AI rights. Would it be ethical to then determine which AI were worthy of receiving rights? How would this be measured or determined? Would the AI be capable of realizing that it has or needs rights? This kind of discussion could also be brought up by watching the TV show Westworld. The AI in this show seem to be sentient and capable of free thinking but then it is revealed that everything they say and do is programmed by humans. Would this warrant the need for having civil rights?
The arguments over whether AI should be granted rights bring up philosophical topics such as Aristotle’s three levels of soul and the problem of free will. Aristotle claimed that humans have the highest level of soul and that they exhibit reason and intellect, which set them apart from plants and animals (“Chapter 3 A Aristotle Metaphysics.” 39, 40). Could we say the same of artificial intelligence? Would the artificial intelligence deserve rights even if it were not necessarily
The official foundations for "artificial intelligence" were set forth by A. M. Turing, in his 1950 paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" wherein he also coined the term and made predictions about the field. He claimed that by 1960, a computer would be able to formulate and prove complex mathematical theorems, write music and poetry, become world chess champion, and pass his test of artificial intelligences. In his test, a computer is required to carry on a compelling conversation with humans, fooling them into believing they are speaking with another human. All of his predictions require a computer to think and reason in the same manner as a human. Despite 50 years of effort, only the chess championship has come true. By refocusing artificial intelligence research to a more humanlike, cognitive model, the field will create machines that are truly intelligent, capable of meet Turing's goals. Currently, the only "intelligent" programs and computers are not really intelligent at all, but rather they are clever applications of different algorithms lacking expandability and versatility. The human intellect has only been used in limited ways in the artificial intelligence field, however it is the ideal model upon which to base research. Concentrating research on a more cognitive model will allow the artificial intelligence (AI) field to create more intelligent entities and ultimately, once appropriate hardware exists, a true AI.
“Artificial Intelligence.” Issues & Controversies. Facts On File News Services. 11 July 2011. Web. 23 March 2014.
One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, “the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men”.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. “We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email.” (BBC 1). Different goals have been set for the science of Artificial Intelligence, but according to Whitby the most mentioned idea about the goal of AI is provided by the Turing Test. This test is also called the imitation game, since it is basically a game in which a computer imitates a conversating human. In an analysis of the Turing Test I will focus on its features, its historical background and the evaluation of its validity and importance.
As AI begin to become more advanced, the time is near where legislature will have to discuss the possibility of determining personhood for AI. James Boyle brought this dilemma to attention in his essay “Endowed by Their Creator?”. Boyle says that certain tests must be set to separate man from AI. Many of these tests are not yet created but Ken Lu’s Algorithms for Love suggests a scenario where many different benchmarks can be incorporated.
In contrast, with the previous three articles which embody the development of robots as a useful tool for human growth, Headrick focus on the ethic and legal conflicts that will arise with the growth of robots. The creation of artificial intelligence in human lives will bring many unique situations. Headrick begins his article with an analogy of a driverless car in a parking lot. The car is programmed to go straight so it may not see certain things and react as quickly or effectively, to insure no lives are harmed. If a human were behind the wheel these situation would be unlikely to occur. With the spread of autonomous systems is it really beneficial to put the safety of humans in the hands of robots. Will our laziness to make our lives easier with lifeless objects jeopardized our existence. Headrick uses multiple Headrick points out real life situations where robots have jeopardized human livelihood. “The more we task robotics to act on our behalf," "one of the first questions is, 'who is responsible' in the moment of truth.… we don't have an answer for that yet” (Headrick 1). Who do we blame when the robots don’t function correct? Headrick provokes humans to think in an effective manner towards the growth of automated
Margaret Boden’s “Artificial Intelligence: Cannibal or Missionary” is a credible primary source article rebutting common concerns of artificial intelligence. Boden uses strong logic to combat against the thought of artificial intelligence making humans less special and artificial intelligence causing people to be dehumanized. Boden concludes that dehumanization and people finding themselves less special from AI are false and that other concerns include people overlying on AI.
The “human sense of self control and purposefulness, is a user illusion,” therefore, if computational systems are comparable to human consciousness, it raises the questions of whether such artificial systems should be treated as humans. (261) Such programs are even capable of learning like children, with time and experience; the programs “[get] better at their jobs with experience,” however, many can argue the difference is self-awareness and that there are many organisms that can conduct such complex behavior but have no sense of identity.
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
To begin, the main issue of development of Artificial Intelligence is the economic factors. Firstly, one of the main negative effects of AI on economy is unemployment. According to the suggesting of Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne of Oxford University during next 20 years 47 per cent of all USA jobs under the threat and will be replaced with intelligence machines (Vincent). If jobs will be automated, people will lose their workplaces and it is becomes one of the harmful problems not only for economy, but also for society. Because, if people will not have a workplace, they will not be able to provide their needs. Furthermore, development of AI can be a reason of increasing inequality of wages. For instance, the salaries of computer workers approximately earn 10 to 15 percent more than others. (Frey and Osborne). It is also one of the economic problems because it can lead to discontent of workers who hav...
The approach to artificial intelligence should be proceeded with caution. Throughout recent years and even decades before, it has been a technological dream to produce artificial intelligence. From movies, pop culture, and recent technological advancements, there is an obsession with robotics and their ability to perform actions that require human intelligence. Artificial intelligence has become a real and approachable realization today, but should be approached with care and diligence. Humans can create advanced artificial intelligence but should not because of the harm they may cause, the monumental advancement needed in the technology, and that its harm outweighs its benefits.
It is fascinating that non-living things can think reason, plan, solve problems, and perceive, just like humans can. Robots and systems became sentient beings that were self-aware, going against their defining trait (that robots and machines lack emotion).
I don’t think there is any reason for these robots to have every ability that a human does. There is no way they are going to have the intelligence a human does. Artificial Intelligence is just going to bring more harm into our communities. We can’t trust the robots doing the “everyday” human activities, they are going to lead to unemployment, and will lead to laziness causing more obesity.
Recently, the media has spent an increasing amount of broadcast time on new technology. The focus of high-tech media has been aimed at the flurry of advances concerning artificial intelligence (AI). What is artificial intelligence and what is the media talking about? Are these technologies beneficial to our society or potential threats? Medical facilities, police departments, and manufacturing plants have all been changed by AI. Will machine language and artificial neural network replace humans in the future?
Artificial Intelligence “is the ability of a human-made machine to emulate or simulate human methods for the deductive and inductive acquisition and application of knowledge and reason” (Bock, 182). The early years of artificial intelligence were seen through robots as they exemplified the advances and potential, while today AI has been integrated society through technology. The beginning of the thought of artificial intelligence happened concurrently with the rise of computers and the dotcom boom. For many, the utilization of computers in the world was the most advanced role they could ever see machines taking. However, life has drastically changed from the 1950s. This essay will explore the history of artificial intelligence, discuss the
In the end, these main problems of artificial intelligence result in the same problem. While artificial intelligence would prove to be technologically revolutionary by introducing new ideas such as quantum computers or robots, said new ideas could result in the downfall of the world itself. Being a human being with your own consciousness is better than living forever with no feelings or emotions. These are the reasons why the advancement of artificial intelligent should be halted or banned so no harm can be done even without the intentions.