The article written by Diane Kirkby “Beer, Glorious Beer”: Gender Politics and Australian Popular Culture, is focused on the gender inequalities on the alcohol drinking of beer by the male and female sex roles. Author Cyril Pearl stated ‘Beer is a religion in Australia’ in 1969. This article shows that masculinity is proven to be to dominant gender due to for some time, only the males where allowed to drink beer and drink in the pubs. In colonial Australia in the twentieth century mostly woman were the ones to manage and work at the pubs, However woman also enjoyed their beer but drinking beer has been advertised to be a masculine beverage. Australian pubs goal was to primary sell beer to the males, Pub culture had become what it meant to be an Australian male considered to be boorish, …show more content…
However Donald Horne said in 1964 that “Australians have never been quite the nation of boozers they imagine themselves to be” and that woman banned from the pubs was a myth. Women also drank in pubs and have been doing so since World War II in beer gardens and lounges, but women were banned from the men’s only public bar which showed the patriarchy dominance of men. It was still showed that males are dominated over the females in the 1960s because beer advertisements were targeting the men rather than woman, showing that you are masculine if you drank beer. The Australian beer drinkers were not aboriginal because Aboriginals were forbidden to drink in pubs until the last law was lifted in 1972. ‘That period of the late 1960s to early 1970s was a time of challenge to some of the dominate values and bodies of knowledge in Australia’ (D. Horne, 1980). Woman were now asserting their right to in be the culture, peaceful protests started and the women’s liberation movement was now a part of society. Some protests became violent towards the women and had the male gender becoming very dominate and aggressive towards
The 2014 Walkley Award winning documentary, "Cronulla Riots: the day that shocked the nation" reveals to us a whole new side of Aussie culture. No more she’ll be right, no more fair go and sadly no more fair dinkum. The doco proved to all of us (or is it just me?) that the Australian identity isn’t really what we believe it to be. After viewing this documentary
The article entitled Bootlegging Mothers and Drinking Daughters: Gender and Prohibition in Butte, Montana written by Mary Murphy, deals with the prohibition period in the 1920 in a town called Butte. This article dives into the pre-prohibition era and prohibition era in Butte, a town that had a very strong male dominated feel. The main argument within this article was that the act of drinking was thoroughly gender-segregated, with women not being able to indulge in public drinking like their male counterparts due to the judgments they faced. The author was successful in explaining the roles that many women had endured within the time period prior to prohibition and during prohibition by using examples of women in different economic classes
Thornton, Margaret. "Feminism And The Changing State: The Case Of Sex Discrimination." Australian Feminist Studies 21.50 (2006): 151-172. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 May
Strachan, G., 2013. Still working for the man? Women's employment experiences in Australia since 1950. [Online]
Male supremacy was a hallmark of western society during the late nineteenth and twentieth century. For much of the Victorian Era, intellectual progress was dedicated towards the justification of the white man’s supremacy. Evolution, imperialism, and social hierarchy were all examined under the lens of already existing societal norms. While revolutionary in its concept, Charles Darwin’s explanation of evolution and the dichotomy of the sexes fit within the overarching notions on man in British Empire. With his scientific justifications in Descent of Man, Charles Darwin seeks to reinforce the dogma of male superiority. With the dawn of the twentieth century, boundaries weakened and women began to gain influence among intellectual circles. This
'The Australian Legend', in itself is an acurate portrayal and recount of one part of society, from a specific era, ie. the Australian bushman of the 1890s. Its exaggerations, however, such as the romanticism of the bush ethos by Australian writers, the unbalanced use of evidence, and the neglect to acknowledge the contribution to our national identity from certain sections of society, ie. aboriginal people, city-dwellers, women, and non-British immigrants, render this book to be flawed. For these reasons, it cannot be regarded as a complete and balanced account of Australian history.
The real reason the Prohibition Act was passed is not because the Legislation had voted for it, but rather the large amount of supporters it had. 33 out of 48 states had already passed the laws within 1920. The direct support was mainly coming from the South, which the number grew from 1820’s to 1840’s. These groups mainly campaigned against the outcome of drinking alcohol. Woman’s groups were behind many temperance movements for they were targets of abuse due to drunken husbands. Many times drinking was blamed upon the economics and the changes it has undergone.
Alcohol has always been a part of feminine culture, but it took a dramatic shift in the early 20th century. In the book, Domesticating Drink, Catherine Murdock argues that during this period, women transformed how society drank and eradicated the masculine culture that preceded this shift. Murdock draws from a few different sources to prove her argument, such as: etiquette manuals published after the turn of the century and anecdotes from the time period. She provides many interesting and unique perspectives on how drinking culture evolved, but she shows a clear bias towards “wet” culture and also makes very exaggerated claims that turn her argument into something that is nearly impossible to completely prove.
Lucas, Rose. “The Gendered Battlefield: Sex and Death in Gallipoli”. Gender and War; Australians at War in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Damousi Joy and Lake, Marilyn. CUP Archive, 1995. 148-178. Web. 2 May 2014.
Since its discovery, alcohol has long been synonymous with parties and general rowdiness. It should come as no surprise that the same holds true during the Victorian Era in England. The Victorian era was a time of peace and prosperity for much of Britain, the emergence of industrialism and the further development of British colonies led to a middle-class to distinguish itself. Naturally leisurely activities emerged and the British people soon found themselves new and exciting ways to enjoy the prosperity of Britain. Perhaps the most prominent leisurely activity was the consumption of alcohol at not only drinking halls but also sporting events and casual meals. As drinking became more prevalent those who disapproved of the rowdy drunkards started to form coalitions. Britain soon underwent a temperance movement that looked to stop public drunkenness and general misconduct under the influence of alcohol. Eventually this would lead to a teetotalism movement that wanted to ban alcohol entirely.
During the World War II era, the outlook on the role of women in Australian society revolutionised. As a majority of men were at war, Australian women were encouraged to rise above and beyond their stereotypical ‘housewife’ status. They were required to take on the tasks that were once considered predominantly male roles, and also allowed the opportunity to join the armed services as well as enlist in the Women’s Land Army. Many women who doubted their abilities played their part by entering voluntary work. Women had the privilege of contributing in Australian society in many ways that they had never been able before. Thus, it is manifest that the role of women in Australian society had drastically changed.
Prohibition provided women a means of advocating for a more responsive government by expressing animosity toward their perceived inferiority and toward foreigners. The Woman’s Crusades of 1873-1874, in which 100,000 women went to saloons demanding a cease in the sale of alcohol, brought about the formation of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in 1874 that campaigned for the abolishment of legal drinking to protect women and children from the abusive husband and father. Upon becoming president of the WCTU in 1879, Francis Willard moved the WCTU from a religious to political perspective by redefining “Alcoholism as a disease rather than a sin, and poverty as a cause rather than a result of drink.” Globalization influenced this view because the majority of those afflic...
The dominance of the upper-class elite in Victorian England ensured the propagation of traditional gender roles and hegemonic masculinity in British culture. In addition the middle-class established higher social standing, gained wealth and began to enjoy leisure activities that had previously only been reserved for the aristocracy. Consequently widening the gap between the working-class and instigating further class separation. Moreover the staunch gender roles in 20th century British culture are reflective of 19th century Victorian society. This is evidenced by the restrictive female sporting culture:
During the nineteenth century, the Victorians had high expectations of their class system to make sure the classes were distinct and properly represented. They “valued controlled, propitious behavior” and would tolerate nothing less (Harding Victorians and Alcohol). There was a “cultural value placed on teetotaling,” total abstinence from alcoholic drinks, but despite this value “alcohol consumption became a popular pastime” (Harding Victorians and Alcohol). Behavior such as drunkenness was strongly disapproved of because of its association with the lower class.
When we learn about the history of the world we usually divide it up into eras, dynasties, major wars, revolutions, etc. But what we all learn is that even the smallest thing can have a massive impact on history. In this book, Tom Standage chose to look at the way six different beverages altered history. I never knew how important different beverages were throughout history, but Standage was able to prove that beverages were responsible for global revolutions, intellectual and political insights, and good motivators for work.