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Analysis of battle of bulge
Analysis of battle of bulge
Analysis of battle of bulge
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In the cold winter of December 16, 1944 - January 16, 19453a the Battle of the Bulge marched on. It was the last great battle of World War II in Europe. Thousands of lives were lost during those cold two months. The battle finally ended after tactics, artillery, and espionage were used and exhausted. The battle was Germany’s last stand and America’s greatest battle.1a
Germany was losing the war, badly. After a series of small defeats, Hitler drew his final card: to “advance...German forces...through the Ardennes Mountains of Belgium”4a. His goal was to “retake the port of Antwerp”8a. This attack is known as: the Ardennes Offensive, the Ardennes Campaign, the Battle for Rhine, or the Battle of the Bulge. The Germans took the Allies by surprise despite the fact that the Allies could intercept and translate most German codes. The Germans truly took the Allies by surprise for somewhere between 15,500- 175,000 soldiers were killed in the battle. 75,000 were Allies and 80,000-100,000 were Germans.6a This was a large loss for Germany. It was a bad tactic; Hitler’s Generals advised against the attack 2a. Hitler lost his bet.
The name “Battle of the Bulge” came from the “bulge” the German force created in the Allied
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military would not officially desegregate for another few years, the Battle of the Bulge marked the first time the army desegregated in World War II. Out of desperation, the Allies turned to the African American G.I.s more than one during the battle. An estimated, “2,500 black troops participated in the engagement, with many fighting side by side with their caucasian counterparts.2e” Some of the African American divisions suffered many casualties and received a Distinguished Unit Citation. This was the first time a African American unit had received such a prestigious award. Because of this, many generals, including later President Dwight D. Eisenhower, called upon those African American units for their military support later on in World War
The prelude to the Battle of the Bulge began on a winter day in mid-December of 1944. Three powerful German divisions, were the last German offensives in the west at that time during World War II. They began after the Normandy invasion in June 1944. Allied had forces swept rapidly through France but became stalled along the German border earlier that year in September. On December 16, 1944 taking advantage of the weather, which kept the Allied aircraft on the ground, the Germans launched a counteroffensive through the semi-mountainous and heavily-forested Ardennes region in Germany, and advanced 31 miles into Belgium and northern Luxembourg near the Meuse River. Their goal was to trap four allied armies, divide the Americans and the British to force negotiated peace along the western front, and retake the vital seaport of Antwerp in Belgium. Thinking the Ardennes was the least likely spot for a German offensive, American staff commander chose to keep the thin line, so that manpower might concentrate on offensives north and south of the Ardennes known as the "bulge" in the Allied lines. These American lines were thinly held by three divisions in the Allied Army and part of a forth division, while fifth division was making a local attack and the sixth division was in reserve. Division sectors were more than double the width of normal defensive fronts, therefore there were more men scattered along a larger area. The German advance was halted near the Meuse River in late December. Even though the German Offensive achieved total surprise, nowhere did the American troops give ground without a fight. Within three days, the determined American stand and the arrival of powerful reinforcements insured that the ambitious German goal was far beyond reach. In snow and sub-freezing temperatures the Germans fell short of their interim objective- to reach the rambling Meuse River on the edge of the Ardennes. But they managed to avoid being cut off by an Allied Pincer movement.
...ced to retreat or be cut off from their supplies. The German High Command, at this point, knew that they could no longer continue to fight and needed to surrender or face annihilation.
African Americans that joined the Army Air Corps’ were also segregated (Reinhardt and Ganzel 1). The Army Air Corps’ African American, also known as the Tuskegee Airmen, were sent to the black university in Tuskegee for their training (Reinhardt and Ganzel 1). They became one of the most well known groups of flyers during World War II that were able to fly 200 bomber escort missions over enemy territory, and were able to prevent all of the bombers from being shot down by the enemies (Reinhardt and Ganzel 1).... ... middle of paper ... ...
While the Battle of the Bulge was starting the Soviets were also fighting the Germans on the other side of Germany. Whenever the Allied forces invaded Normandy on D-Day the Germans were forced to fight on two sides. Whenever this had happened the German or Nazi army was stretched thin, causing them to lose a lot of ground to the Allied forces. On December the 16th the Germans decided to try and gain back some of the ground they lost Adolf Hitler pulled all his reserves up for the battle and made a surprise attack against the Americans and British. The Germans secretly formed in the Ardenne forrest and then attacked at Bastogne where the American 101st airborne division was deployed at. The 101st one of the most famous battalions in all of WWII was completely held off from reinforcements and supplies and they not only were low on supplies they were completely taken by surprise. ( William 21-25 )
World War II was one of the most important wars in history. It featured multiple countries at constant conflict with each other. There were several battles that occurred in this 12 year long war. An example of two of the battles would be the Battle of Britain in the European theater of war, and the Attack on Pearl Harbor in the Pacific theater of war. Only one of these wars saw victory, while the other caused great devastation to the American military.
Known as D-Day. This is one of the most gruesome battles that used a lot of manpower and Artillery. The Battle was supposed to take place on June 5th, 1944, but due to atrocious weather, it was delayed. Thousands of troops and paratroopers were on the ground, ensuring the roads, and bridges were secured for possible enemies before the Battle started at 6:30 am on 6 June. 156,000 Allied troops had successfully landed and took over Normandy’s beaches by taking down the Germans with maximum force and power. Twelve allied nations provided munition and manpower to help with the invasion. According to some calculated estimates, 4,000 allied troops lost their courageous lives in the D-Day invasion (History.com Staff, 2009).
The Battle of the Bulge took place in Northwestern Europe around December 1944. Hitler tried to split the allied troops apart. The germans used the tactic of blitzkrieg on the allied armies. On december 16th, the german armies which was made up of a quarter of a million troops launched the attack on the allies. This battle was the deadliest and most desperate battle in world war II. The German troops caught the American troops flat footed.
The battle of Aachen was the first battle that the Allied forces broke the Siegfried Line around the border 1945, of Germany. World War II lasted from 1939-1945; the battle of Aachen was in October of 1944, which is very late in the war. Both the U.S. and Germany had thousands of men killed on the battle field. Since so many troops lost in this one battle over a city, the Americans nicknamed the battle “bloody Aachen”. The battle of Aachen was the first successful offensive action that the Allies had in Germany.
The Battle Of The Bulge is a extraordinary battle that took place during World War II. From the beginning to the end it has interesting stories about how the American soldiers fought for their lives to help protect us and free the Jewish people from the Nazi’s. This battle took place on December 16th, 1944. America, Britain, and France, where an alliance and Hitler was convinced that the western section of Europe was not strong enough and an attack would break up their partnership. So without delay Hitler ordered an enormous attack against what was mainly American forces. Hitler sent three armies to attack the allies, which was supposed to try to split us their way towards Germany and therefore ruin our chance to supply ourselves. So early that cold, foggy
War is what keeps a nation from dying, it is the backbone of a country. This is the shown throughout the course of World War I, also known as “the war to end all wars.” World War I started in the summer of 1914. Archduke Francis Ferdinand, from the Austro – Hungarian Empire was visiting Bosnia. He was shot, along with his wife, Sofia, by a young man from the Black Hand, Gavrillo Princip. What were the three main factors that started World War I? There were three main underlying causes that started World War I: greed, nationalism, and militarism.
Battle Analysis is a method used by the U.S. Army to provide a systematic approach to the study of battles, campaigns, and other operations according to the (Combat Arms Center 1). The purpose behind the enforcement of students going through leadership courses to write a Battle Analysis essay is to broaden the overall future leaders of our Army’s way to advance their methodology of a battle and overall seek advancement to the way we fight from past to present. During this essay of the battle of the bulge we as a group will focus specifically on the Battle Analysis and the use of Artillery in the Battle of the Bulge. Due to the vast majority of Artillery utilized during the Battle of the Bulge we will refer and reference only a few Artillery
350,000 African Americans served in segregated units during World War I, mostly as support troops. Several units saw action alongside French soldiers
There are many battles that took place during World War II. Some of these battles might be easy for people to remember because of how they contributed to changes that took place during or after the war. The two battles that will be discussed in this paper is the battle of Stalingrad and the attack on Pearl Harbor. These battles were only two of the many important battles that took place during World War II.
The war was going south for the Nazi’s and Hitler had to improvise a new offensive to push back the Allies. The battle took over a month of fighting in the dead of winter. Artillery was a very important piece in the winning of the battle. Countless times fire missions came down and eliminating the enemy assaults, providing counter attacks and key positions of movement up the line. Artillery on the German side was consistent fire missions on the Allie’s positions disrupting supply lines and creating havoc on the Ally front. The Germans used survivability moves with batteries, causing devastating losses to the Allies. Boresight was a big important step in positioning the howitzers on the battlefield. It gave the Gun crews to capability of using direct fire on the approaching enemy, which was used very frequently during the battle. Towed howitzers were key in offense and defense in the battle. During the weather with frozen mud and elements of terrain made artillery easy targets for both sides positioned and in transport. Most of the guns were fired upon and fired on due to terrain, both sides had large amounts of artillery fire power to knock out enemy guns. Track vehicles were easy to trace and eliminated adding obstacles on the terrain. The increasing devastation to the land changed the terrain and was hard to maneuver around in both track and towed howitzers and easy targets on both sides of the battle. Transporting ammo was a big factor in how effective the howitzers were in the battle. Difficulty in the supply lines to move ammunition to the gun line was a battle in its
When the German Sixth Army first reached and pushed into Stalingrad, the Russians had built up their defenses and reinforcements. When the army started into Stalingrad, the defenses stopped them and both sides were fighting in bitter street warfare.