In the modern European Union, lies an ancient culture and language unrelated to the dominant cultures around it. These are the Basques who have struggled to retain their customs through invasions and cultural repression. The territory which they call home is a small but powerful force within Spain. Spanish ideologies exerted upon them in recent memory have put a damper on Basque cultural practices and language, but out of this came Basque nationalism. The means used by Basque nationalists to gain independence are sometimes questionable and violent, and have had an impact on the economic health of the region. The Basque Country gained autonomy in the Spanish Constitution of 1978, but many feel that autonomy doesn’t go far enough.
Spain, a country of nearly fifty million people on the Iberian Peninsula, contains the vast majority of Basque people in Europe. Basque Country in Spain (Euskadi in the Basque language) encompasses the north Spanish provinces of Álava, Vizcaya, and Guipúzcoa (see Fig. 1). The province of Navarre directly to the east of Euskadi is sometimes included in the term ‘Basque Country’ because of its large population of Basque people. However, Navarre is a separate autonomous region within Spain and will be excluded from the term ‘Euskadi’ for the purposes of this report. Euskadi is a mountainous region situated between the eastern Cantabrian mountains and the western slopes of the Pyrenees and is bordered by France to the northeast, the Bay of Biscay to the north, and the rest of Spain to the west, east, and south. In the 2010 census, there were 2,178,339 people living in Euskadi, a majority of which were people of Basque descent. The largest cities include Bilbao (pop. 353,187), Vitoria-Gasteiz (pop. 2...
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Nationalism has been a potent force for change since the development of human civilization. However, opinion about the extent to which nationalism may be appropriately pursued is highly diverse, a factor that has led to immense tragedy and suffering in countless regions worldwide. While it is both appropriate and sometimes encouraged to take pride in being part of a nation, it is of the utmost importance that it is done without harming or subjugating people of another. Uniting a people by force and potentially eliminating or destroying those who may oppose it or not belong to it is unacceptable ethically, morally, and socially.
Vargas-Sánchez, A., Porras-Bueno, N., Plaza-Mejía, M. 2011. Explaining Residents’ Attitudes to Tourism: Is a Universal Model Possible?, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 38, Issue 2, pp. 460-80.
Duncan’s (1991) analysis of western museums is defined through the theme of “durable objects” as a criterion to judge the heritage of American and European art as a ritual of the modern state. In this manner western art museums are built like “temples” as a symbolic and figurative representation of greatness of western culture throughout the world: “[They] are more like the traditional ceremonial monuments that museum buildings often emulate—classical temples” (Duncan 90). This interpretation of American/European museums defines a dominant source of cultural heritage that ritualizes
With regards to modern Quebec, the question that poses itself: what is the prevalent type of nationalism in the province? In this paper, I attempt to answer such question by providing three arguments that elucidate the complexities surrounding contemporary Quebec nationalism. The characteristics of these types of nationalism are examined through their underlying ideologies that continuously influence the Quebecois political debate. Finally, the notion of ambiguity is contemporaneous depending on whom the question is posed to , and what factors one should focus on.
The country I chose to write my paper on is Spain. The capital of Spain is Madrid, and is located right in the center of Spain. Other major cities include Barcelona, Bilbao, Malagá, Sevilla, Valencià, and Zaragoza. Spain is part of the European Union, so the citizens of Spain can travel to other countries in the European Union with less documentation. The Spanish currency is the Euro, and some of their natural resources include copper, coal, iron rod, and uranium. Spain is a democratic state that follows a Constitutional Monarchy, which means that the written constitution limits the power of the monarchy, and power is shared between the monarchy and a elected branch of government. An interesting fact about Spain is that not only do they have a Parliamentary Government they have Royal Monarch as well. The current Prime Minister of Spain is Mariano Rajoy, and the King of Spain is Juan Carlos I.
Martínez Moreno, Jorge. Mora, Rafael. De La Torre, Ignacio. The Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition in Cova Gran (Catalunya, Spain) and the extinction of Neanderthals in the Iberian Peninsula.
Nationalism at its core is the support of a country. The goal of a country is to have some sort of resonance within the individuals that reside there that call themselves citizens. If the citizens don’t feel any connection with their country, they may move to find one that they feel closer too. Once found, they may support the country over others, defend it within conversations of politics or just find groups that have the same ideals they do about the country. This papers purpose is to illustrate the pros of nationalism as well as its cons.
The literature does provide evidence for my hypothesis and also provides a clearer picture as to how frequent and to what extent the interbreeding is believed to occur. Examining these articles will introduce the new findin...
These horrors caused by nationalism seem to be at the opposite end of the spectrum from the promising ideal of democracy. As Ghia Nodia pointed out, many analysts view nationalism as “fundamentally antidemocratic” (3). What these anti-nationalists fail to realize is that nationalism has also called force heroism and even sacrifice throughout history. Numerous people have risked their lives to restore democracy and civil rights in their nations, when they could easily have chosen comfortable exile elsewhere. Indeed, nationalism is the very basis of democratic government because it unites the citizens as “we the people”, supports the common political destiny, and nurtures trust toward the government.
Nationalism is the idea that a people who have much in common, such as language, culture and geographic proximity ought to organize in such a way that it creates a stable and enduring state. Nationalism is tied to patriotism, and it is the driving force behind the identity of a culture. Nationalism had many effects in Europe from 1815, The Congress of Vienna and beyond. In the following essay I will describe many of the consequences of nationalism on European identity, as well as some of the conflicts that it created.
Quebec is a distinct society within Canada (Darkside). With its own civil code, language, and a single dominant faith (Roman Catholic), French Quebec is defiantly distinctive from the rest of Canada and many Quebecois are fighting to preserve that distinction (Darkside). Francophones of Quebec are fighting not only to preserve this distinction but also to be recognized as an entity separate from Canada with acknowledged cultural differences ranging not only from religion, but from ethnic roots which spread to linguistic differences as well. This desire to preserve their culture is what makes them a politically relevant example of a country pursuing nationalistic causes. We will explore the ethnic and linguistic traits and cultural events that inspire Quebecois nationalism.
...olyakova, A., S and Holtz, W. 2012. European integration, nationalism and European identity.JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 50 (s1), pp. 106--122.
Nations and nationalism are an immense force in shaping the world as we know it. However, people have there seem to be conflicting ideologies among people regarding the origins of a nation. The first approach defined as ‘Modernism’ is the belief that nations are a product of highly cultivated, literate, structured and scientifically advanced societies from the modern world. Secondly, there is another approach called ‘Ethno-Symbolism’ which I believe to be truer to a more true to the causes of origins of a nation because it encompasses the belief that a unique culture, shared history and memories as well as bonds of ethnicities and kinship are the factors which unite people from a certain territory into forming a distinct identity in form of a nation. Therefore, I disagree with the statement, “Nations are primarily products of the modern world.”
There has always been rich and poor in Spain but never like in recent years, the distance between them is very significant, as well as the difference in relation of incomes. The unemployment rate has taken a toll on the family income. More than 1.7 million households, according to the latest Labor Force Survey, have all members unemployed, and only 67% of those registered in employment offices receive any assistance or provision of the state. As a result, Spain is one of the most troubled positioned countries in statistics that measures social inequality and has the biggest distance between high and low incomes.
Scholars of the European Union (EU) have a strong interest in the concept of European Union identity (Cram, 2009). The ‘European union’ identity can be identified nowadays, although there are still conflicts between national identities and a shared European identity which can be illustrated by the data from Eurobarameter and other sources. Most people perceive themselves as Europeans, as Anderson (1991) state, there is no contradictory between Europe and nation-state, ‘country first, but Europe, too’ is the main feeling of the public. However, some people don’t consider themselves as European which result from a strong attachment to the national culture. Even though, the tendency of the convergence of diverse national identity cannot be resisted (Cram, 2009). Migration of population within Europe and the implementation of Europe policy accelerate the progress of formation of the shared identity. This article is going to focus on two reasons why people are willing to define themselves as European by showing how their national identities interact with the European identity, mainly in two countries UK and Poland .The first reason is the issue of Euro, which can be regarded as a tangible symbol of a shared identity and can be perceived easily. The second reason is the collective memory shared among countries and entire Europe.