Basic Concepts On Urbanization And Urban Growth

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2. Literature Review 2.1 Basic concepts on urbanization and urban growth
Urbanization and urban growth are two different concepts often found in the literature of urban studies. The distinction should be noted that urbanization refers to proportion of the national population living in the urban areas, and urban growth refers to an increase in urban population size, independent of rural population (Haregewoin, 2005). In contrast, urbanization can be viewed and perceived to mean a lot of things depending on its usage. It can be viewed as a characteristic of social and economic processes and interactions affecting both population and land. Clark (1982), defined urbanization as a spatial and social process which refers to the change …show more content…

On the other hand, urban growth in developed country which is characterized by industrialization, the urbanization process in many developing countries is characterized by demographic change such as, rapid natural population growth and rural-urban migration. This kind of rapid growth make specially poor African countries in capable of supplying services such as land allocation and infrastructure (Zewdu, 2011).This rapid urban growth rate is recognized to population growth in urban resident and rural urban migration. The great population growth which does not match with social economic growth and infrastructure service requirement creates high demand for housing which leads to unplanned and uncontrolled horizontal expansion and contributes to urban land-use changed. Clark (1982) argue that urban growth, is a spatial and demographic process and refers to the increased importance of town and cities as concentrations of population within a particular economy or society.
According to Zewdu (2011) urban population growth will be most important in low income countries, particularly in Africa and Asia. Among Africa countries, East Africa cities will experience urban population growth rates significantly higher than the African average. In descending order, Addis Ababa, Nairobi, Dares Selam, Antananarivo, Kampala and Moqadishu will remain the region’s largest cities in the foreseeable future. Comparing to the world cities, Dare Selam, Kampala, Nairobi and Addis Ababa already rank among the 31 fastest growing urban

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