Baking Soda

Baking soda

Question

What will happen to the baking soda when it is heated up, and which of the three reactions is the correct one from below?

(I) NaHCO₃(s) → Na₂O(s) + H₂O(g) + CO₂(g) (decomposition)

4NaHCO₃ → 2Na₂O + 2H₂O + 4CO₂

Baking Soda → Sodium Oxide + Water + Carbon Dioxide

(II) NaHCO₃(s) → NaOH(s) + CO₂(g) (decomposition) (already balanced)

NaHCO₃ → NaOH + CO₂

Baking Soda → Sodium Hydroxide + Carbon Dioxide (III) NaHCO₃(s) → Na₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(g) + CO₂(g) (decomposition)

2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Baking Soda → Soda Ash + Water

It is a base and has some alkalinity in it, which means it needs an Acid to have a chemical reaction, since it neutralizes them. When it is heated Baking Soda produces Carbon Dioxide, which makes the object rise.

Made out of : Na⁺ and HCO₃⁻

Hypothesis

Our hypothesis was that the baking soda will decompose into carbon dioxide, water and sodium carbonate.

Equipment

-Baking soda (NaHCO₃)

-Bunsen burner

-Crucible/crucible

When it is finished heating, close the Bunsen burner and leave the crucible to cool down.

8. Measure and weight the content and the crucible.

Table

Mass of crucible

(g)

Mass of crucible and baking soda(g)

Mass of baking soda(g)

Mass of crucible and compound after heating (g)

Mass of compound after heating (g)

12.42

17.43

5.01

15.58

3.16

(kg)

0,01242→ 0,01

0,01743→ 0,02

0,00501→0,005

0,01558→0,02

0,00316→0,003

Data processing:

Balanced equations:

4NaHCO₃ → 2Na₂O + 2H₂O + 4CO₂

NaHCO₃ → NaOH + CO₂

2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Molar mass of baking soda: NaHCO₃

Na → 22.989770

H → 1.00794

C → 12.0107

O → 15.994

22.989770+1.00794+12.0107+15.994*3=84.00661 g/mol

M=m/n n=m/M m=n*M

Na₂O mass:

Na-Sodium Atomic weight →22.98976928 Atoms: 2

O-Oxygen Atomic weight →15.9994 Atoms: 1

Percent of mass: Na →74.1857% O →25.8143%

NaOH mass:

Na-Sodium Atomic weight → 22.98976928 Atoms: 1

O-Oxygen Atomic weight → 15.9994 Atoms: 1

H-Hydrogen Atomic weight→ 1.00794 Atoms: 1

Percent of mass: Na → 74.1857% O → 25.8143% H →