Bacterium Essay

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Bacteria are microbes truly form the beginning of time. The are among the very first life on earth. These small life forces are categorized as prokaryotic microorganisms named for their lack of a membrane-bound nucleus. Bacteria vary in shape, such as rods, spheres and spirals, and can be found in virtually every habitat on the planet.
B. megaterium is a gram positive bacteria. This bacterial species is spore producing found in the soil having rod shaped morphology and is a larger sized Eubacteria. These bacteria form colonies in chain-like patterns from the sticky polysaccharides on their cell walls. The biotech industry utilizes this bacteria highly for the size and enzyme and cloning abilities of B. megaterium. The bacterial produced enzymes aid in the production of synthetic antibiotics such as penicillin, steroids and various amino acid dehydrogenases (Janssens et al, 2013). B. megaterium is dynamic for cloning because there is minuscule degradation of protease product (Janssens et al, 2013). Also, the bacteria’s recombinant plasmids are highly stable (Janssens et al, 2013). The omnipresence and distinction of these bacterium in nature have an unusual defiance of their endospores to chemical and physical effects. The developmental cycle of B. megaterium endospore formation and antibiotic production has spurred continuous appeal interest in these bacteria since the Cohn and Koch's discoveries in the 1870’s (Saengkerdsub and Ricke, 2014).

The 16s rRNA gene is a section of prokaryotic DNA found in all bacteria and archaea which codes for rRNA making up part of the ribosome. Ribosomes perform the translation of the DNA strands in every life form. When a gene on DNA is copied into messenger RNA and is taken out of ...

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...el Prize for Chemistry in 1993 for her outstanding work (Bettens and Tiercy, 2009). The entire cycling process of PCR is automated and can be completed in just a few hours. It is directed by a machine called a thermocycler, which is programmed to alter the temperature of the reaction every few minutes to allow DNA denaturing and synthesis (Bettens and Tiercy, 2009).
These experiments focused on obtaining bacteria from the human body, in this case Bacillus megaterium from the oral cavity of the gingiva, extracting, amplifying, and cloning the DNA utilizing different methods. The objective of the experiment was to take a closer look at the human micro-biome by obtaining DNA from bacteria from the human body and then to view the bacteria physically through electrophoresis as well as in comparison via phylogenetic trees to analyze the resultant to similar phylogeny.

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