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Separation of mixture
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Recommended: Separation of mixture
Meja Lundberg
With axel and Filippa
NS1A
Separate a mixture.
Introduction:
Purpose: The purpose with this labboration is to separate the five different substances that are mixed together.
Material and method:
Material:
(9,73g) salt.
(15,46g) sand.
(0,58g) steel wool.
(2,15g) wood dust.
(100 ml) water.
1 spoon. wave. 4 weight papers.
Beaker
Magnet
Execution: Firstly weigh the five substances and decide how many ml of water the mixture will contain. Then mix the salt in the beaker with the water. Stir the mixture with the spoon until the salt has dissolved.
Once the salt is dissolved, put the sand, steel wool and wood dust in the beaker and mix everything together.
For the separation of the substances, put the magnet in the mixture so the steel wool can separate from the mixture, put the steel wool in a separate bowl to let it dry.
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Pour the mixture from the beaker to a sifter and let the sifter rest over the beaker while the water runs thru the sifter.
Let that stand for one or two days so that the mixture in the sifter can dry out. Once it is dry you can pour it into a bowl. Then pour the liquid mixture from the beaker into three smaller bowls and put them in a window where the sun can heat them to make the water evaporate.
The solid mixture now contains the sand, wood dust and some salt. Use a coarser sifter to separate the sand and wood dust as good as possible. You should have sand in one bowl (there might be some small bits of wood dust in there to) and wood dust in another. If the dried steel wool got a bit of wood dust on it, try shake it off into the bowl with wood dust. When the water has evaporated the salt is left in the bowls. Put each substance in weight papers again and weigh each substance to see the eventual change off the weight.
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The hypothesis that was formed in this experiment was that decantation and distillation were the techniques that would be successful in separating the three layered substances. The oil on top of the mixture was to be decanted solely, and the salt and sand layers would be distilled and separated together on filter paper on top of boiling hot water. The reason that the oil is decanted is because it doesn’t mingle with the salt and sand layers, and in addition it was the top layer, which was thought to have been easy to separate first. And as for the sand and salt, sand doesn’t mix and dissolve in water compared to salt, which does in fact dissolve, so distillation was thought to be the proper solution to separating the two
While the sulfuric acid was, being added we noticed a milky clump start to form, better known as precipitate but once the sulfuric acid was added completely instead the solution was thicker and cloudy white, sort of like the early starts of mashed potatoes. Our solution still had larger clumps of product so we decided to do the optional piece placed into our lab manual, which is filter the solution again to remove the clumps out. Once we filtered the solution for the total of 3 times during this lab we found that we had roughly 58 mL of solution left. This solution we took and placed on a hot plate to a slow boil until we reached 50 mL left the beaker. We then allowed the beaker to cool to room temperature and placed the beaker into the ice bath. During the ice bath, we ran into some issues after the 15 minutes had passed we had hardly any crystal formation, so by the advice of the professor we scraped the bottom and the sides of the beaker and left the beaker in the ice bath for an additional 10 minutes. Finally, we poured the crystal through a filter and poured 50 mL of ethanol solution over the crystals.
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