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nazi medical experiments
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Auschwitz Imagine that a man is lying in his bed asleep. He hears a noise downstairs, and gets up to see what the commotion is. Upon going downstairs, he spots ten soldiers, who grab him and throw him into the back of a truck with twenty more people. When the man asks what is going on, he discovers that the truck is heading towards Auschwitz. This situation happened many times years ago, and is known as the Holocaust. Many Jews and other groups were sent to Auschwitz and this report will explain the dark details that occurred there. Auschwitz was the largest German concentration camp and is located close to a Polish town Oshwiecim in Galcia. This camp was set up on April 27, 1940 and could handle its first prisoners by June 14. Auschwitz housed many groups ranging from Jews and Poles, to Soviet war prisoners and Gypsies (wysiwyg://179/http://www.eb.com:180/cgi-b...&hits=10&pt=t&sort=relevance& firsthit=off). The leading commander of this camp was Heinrich Himmler, who was the chief of the Schutzstaffel, Nazi guards, and the secret police. Under Himmler’s direction he was able to create two more camps similar to the original Auschwitz camp. The way that he set up the operations was to have the prisoners sent by rail to the camps, upon arriving at the camps they were then divided into three different groups. One group was sent to the gas chambers within hours of their arrival. The second group was sent to serve as slaves in industrial factories. The third group was sent to different places to undergo medical experiments (http://www.nizkor.org). The first group that were sent to the gas chambers underwent many events before finally being exterminated. When they arrived at Auschwitz, their fate was to be gassed at a smaller camp called Birkenau. At this camp there were many ways that the prisoners could be killed. There were a total of four gas chambers and four crematoria. The gas chambers appeared as showers to the prisoners and the crematoria was used to incinerate their bodies. First, the prisoners would be given a bar of soap and they would be told to go wash in the showers. Then the Germans would ventilate a gas called Zyclon-B into the bath houses. The chemical was invented by a pest control company and could kill the prisoners in a short period of time.
The notorious detention camp, Bergen-Belsen, was constructed in 1940 and “was near Hanover in northwest Germany, located between the villages Bergen and Belsen” (jewishvirtuallibrary.org), hence the name. Originally, the “camp was designed to hold 10,000 prisoners” (jewishvirtuallibrary.org) but, Bergen-Belsen rapidly grew. “In the first eighteen months of existence, there were already five satellite camps.” (holocaustresearchproject.org). Eventually, the “camp had eight sections: detention camp, two camps for women, a special camp, neutrals camp, ‘star camp’, Hungarian Camp, and a tent camp.” (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, p.165) It also held prisoners who were too ill/weak to work at the “convalescent camp” (Bauer, Yehuda, p.359)
Nearly all of the deportees who were sent to the centers were instantaneously guided to the gas chambers to die, except for a select few who were chosen to be sonderkommandos. Over two million Jews were murdered inside killing centers either by smothering with poison gas or by shooting with guns (Killing Centers ). The gas-van was a product of the Third Reich; it consisted of a van with a gas-tight cabin attached on its understructure used to kill victims by the motor-exhausts led into that cabin (The Development of the Gas-Van in the Murdering of the Jews). The Germans executed over 150,000 people at Chelmno between December 1941 and March 1943 and then again in June and July 1944 by means of gassing vans (Killing Centers ). The Germans also found the use of gas chambers to be more effective and usually killed thousands of people daily. Within minutes of being inside a gas chamber, pris...
While being forced to live in Auschwitz they endured many cruel and harsh punishments. The main form of punishment was the gas chambers. These chambers were cells that were made underground and were able to be sealed. Zyklon-B was the poison used to gas and kill the Jewish people. “It takes about 10 minutes to kill 2,000 to 3,000 people in the gas chamber.” (Saldinger p.57) After gassing they would then be extracted from the chamber and taken to the crematorium where the bodies would be disposed of. Sometimes it wasn’t even the guards who would dispose of the bodies, most of the time it was the prisoners who were forced to extract their own people from the chambers. This was just one of the many forms of punishment; there were many more and some were just as bad.
The Third Reich sought the removal of the Jews from Germany and eventually from the world. This removal came in two forms, first through emigration, then through extermination. In David Engel’s The Holocaust: The Third Reich and the Jews, he rationalizes that the annihilation of the Jews by the Germans was a result of how Jews were viewed by the leaders of the Third Reich-- as pathogens that threatened to destroy all humanity. By eliminating the existence of the Jews, the Third Reich believed that it would save the entire world from mortal danger. Through documents such as Franzi Epsteins’s, “Inside Auschwitz-A Memoir,” in The Jew in the Modern World: A Documentary History by Paul Mendes-Flohr and Jehuda Reinharz, one is able to see the struggle of the Jews from a first-hand account. Also, through Rudolf Hoess’s “Commandant of Auschwitz,” one is able to see the perspective of a commandant in Auschwitz. In Auschwitz: A History, Sybille Steinbacher effectively describes the concentration camp of Auschwitz, while Hermann Langbein’s People in Auschwitz reflects on Rudolf Hoess’s power and control in Auschwitz as commandant. Through these four texts, one is able to see the effects that the Third Reich’s Final Solution had on the Jews and the commandants.
The Auschwitz complex was located in Poland and was composed of three main camps (Auschwitz). Auschwitz I, the central camp, was constructed in 1940 and covered approximately 15 square miles (Auschwitz). Auschwitz II, Auschwitz- Birkenau, was constructed in 1941 and became the extermination camp of the Auschwitz complex. In 1943, four large crematorium buildings were constructed (Auschwitz). The Auschwitz-Birkenau crematoriums were the targets of the proposed bombings during WWII. . Auschwitz III was constructed in 1943 and was primarily a labor camp (Auschwitz). These camps composed the largest and most infamous Nazi death camp.
The Holocaust was one of the most horrifying crimes against humanity. "Hitler, in an attempt to establish the pure Aryan race, decided that Jews, Poles, Soviet prisoners of war, Roma (Gypsies), and homosexuals amongst others were to be eliminated from the German population. One of his main methods of exterminating these “undesirables” was through the use of concentration and death camps. In January of 1941, Adolf Hitler and his top officials decided to make their “final solution” a reality. Their goal was to eliminate the Jews and the “impure” from the entire German population. Auschwitz was not only the largest concentration camp that carried out Hitler's “final solution,” but it was also the most extensive. It was comprised of three separate camps that encompassed approximately 25 square miles. Although millions of people came to Auschwitz, it is doubted that more than 120,000-150,000 ever lived there at any one time. (Encyclopedia of the Holocaust)
As early as age thirteen, we start learning about the Holocaust in classrooms and in textbooks. We learn that in the 1940s, the German Nazi party (led by Adolph Hitler) intentionally performed a mass genocide in order to try to breed a perfect population of human beings. Jews were the first peoples to be put into ghettos and eventually sent by train to concentration camps like Auschwitz and Buchenwald. At these places, each person was separated from their families and given a number. In essence, these people were no longer people at all; they were machines. An estimation of six million deaths resulting from the Holocaust has been recorded and is mourned by descendants of these people every day. There are, however, some individuals who claim that this horrific event never took place.
Other than prisoners being executed, what really happened in Auschwitz? Auschwitz was one of the most famous concentration camps in WWII. Upon arrival the Jews and many others were loaded on to “the ramp” and the selection process began. The ones who looked healthy enough were put in a line to the right. Those who appeared unworthy were put in a line to the left and marched to immediate death. Women and children were stripped of clothing, hair and tattooed. All Jews lost their names and were called by the serial number tattooed on them upon arrival. It is said that some women were put into prostitution. By the end of WWII, Auschwitz became known as the symbol of death, due to about 1.1 million people dying from hard labor, experimentation, starvation, diseases, and execution.
form of hard labor, for weeks or months. Auschwitz was the end of the line
The first concentration camps were set up in 1933. Hitler established the camps when he came into power for the purpose of isolating, punishing, torturing, and killing anyone suspected of opposition against his regime. In the early years of Hitler's reign, concentration camps were places that held people in protective custody. These people in protective custody included those who were both physically and mentally ill, gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah Witnesses, Jews and anyone against the Nazi regime. By the end of 1933 there were at least fifty concentration camps throughout occupied Europe.
The Auschwitz Concentration Camp was a camp used to hold Jews during the Holocaust; the Auschwitz Camp was the largest camp of its time. Auschwitz had three main complexes and 36 sub-camps. The three main camps were Auschwitz 1-Stamlagger, created in 1940, built for Polish Political Prisoners, the second camp was named Auschwitz 2-Birkenau, created in 1941, there was more than a hundred thousand prisoners and the building was used for Mass Killing center, it had Crematoria and Gas Chambers. They killed over 2,000 Jews a day in Auschwitz. The third camp was called Auschwitz III-Monowitz, created in 1944, used for supplied forced labor.
Cruel. Hellish. Inhumane. These three words describe life in Auschwitz during the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler’s "Final Solution" was to exterminate the Jews; among other groups including the Gypsies, mentally ill or disabled, and homosexuals. This “solution” would take place in hundreds of secret concentration camps throughout all of Europe. Auschwitz is one example of Nazi cruelty forced on people they viewed as inferior. The Nazi regime rose to power on January 30, 1933, making Adolf Hitler chancellor. He quickly turned his presidential rule into a dictatorship. Then he set upon his goal of making the perfect race by using widespread propaganda to spread the regime's ideals and goals. They made fast work to get there plan under way and start, as they called it, “The Finial Solution.”
. The Auschwitz concentration camp was made first commander at Auschwitz Rudolf Hoss who had experience of running concentration camps. Auschwitz was located in Southern Poland in a city called Krakow. When the camp was being built the houses and factories nearby were bulldozed to make space for the camp. Though this was true Auschwitz was not made for it to be a concentration camp. Auschwitz was intended to be a detention center for Polish citizens who got arrested after Germany took over Poland in 1939. The Auschwitz concentration camp was opened on spring of 1940. The concentration camp became the largest c...
This camp already had a crematorium, but it was changed into a gas chamber that measured 835 square feet. Two provisional gas chambers were created from peasant huts. (Auschwitz-Birkenau- “The Death Factory”). In the summer and fall of 1941, Zyklon B gas was introduced to the concentration camp. This gas was used as a device for mass murders. At first, this gas was experimented with at Auschwitz 1 by the SS in September 1941. All gas chambers in the Auschwitz complex began to use Zyklon B after the success of the trials that took place at Auschwitz 1. (Holocaust Encyclopedia, Auschwitz). Zyklon B became the main killing method at Auschwitz. People walked to the gas chamber, not knowing that’s where they were headed and not knowing what was going to happen to them. People that were to be killed were put into a chamber and the doors were sealed shut. Zyklon B gas then was “dropped through openings in the ceiling.” SS guards witnessed the people, most of them innocent people, dying from this poisonous gas and could hear their cries and screams through a window of the chamber. (Wood 109). Eventually, the two provisional gas chambers were deemed to not be as large as the SS wanted and thought necessary for the killings they had foreseen for the future. Four new massive crematorium buildings were built between March and June of 1943; each consisted of three different
First of all, to get a proper understanding of the events in my book, I did some research to paint a picture of the holocaust. The reason that the Germans started the holocaust a long time ago was because they believed that the Jewish people were minions of the devil, and that they were bent on destroying the Christian mind. Many Christians in Germany were also mad at them for killing Jesus in the Bible. Throughout the holocaust, Hitler, the leader of Germany at the time, and the Nazis killed about six million Jewish people, more than two-thirds of all of the Jewish people in Europe at the time. They also killed people who were racially inferior, such as people of Jehovah's Witness religion, and even some Germans that had physical and mental handicaps. The concentration camp that appears in this story is Auschwitz, which was three camps in one: a prison camp, and extermination camp, and a slave labor camp. When someone was sent to Auschw...