The primary function of monumental portraits in Ancient Rome was to honor political figures of power through repeating social and political themes. The Romans expressed these themes through a form of “realism”. Relics of this era were found depicting the elderly conservative nobility that lived through civil disruptions and war, elaborately individualized through detail of the face expression. Through the features of grimacing heaviness, wrinkles, and effects of old age, the Romans were able to express the reality of their political situation felt by the people whose faces were sculptured into stone. Furthermore, Nodelman discusses the use of sculpture portraits to depict the ideology behind Roman conservative aristocracy. Artists would portray the virtues of gravitas, dignities, and fides, through the use to physical expression and symbolic meaning, rather than through words. A statue of Augustus, for instance, displays the militaristic, powerful, godly perception of the conservative ideology through the use of symbolic detail. The decorative, rich, military outfit on Augustus, represents the power of the military and Augustus’s role as imperator in it. The freely held masculine arm and pointing gesture towards the horizon are Rome’s expanding dreams, clashing with the overall powerful and sturdy stance of the body. The bare feet bring about the impression
The city of Rome delivers rich culture, influential architecture, and beautiful scenery that collectively demonstrate a course of great history and a prominent civilization. There are various structures from Imperial Rome that are highly recognized and mentioned within artistic research. Some examples include the Pantheon, Basilica Ulpia, Flavian Amphitheater, Arch of Titus, and Column of Trajan. Also referred to as Trajan’s Column, the iconic sculpture retains a prestigious appearance as it’s shown with characteristics of empowering height and intricate detail (Fig. 1). When analyzing such a remarkable piece of artwork one should consider the different elements that pertain to the subject matter and historical context. With that in mind, this paper presents the argument that the column is not only a portrayal of the Dacian Wars but also a funerary monument, paradigm of military inspiration, and tribute to Trajan’s reign.
In regards to subject matter, both pieces of sculpture are of leaders, Mycerinus and Kha-merer-nebty II were the pharaoh and queen of Egypt around 2500 BCE., and Caesar Augustus was the Emperor of Rome from September 23, 63 BCE to August 19, 14 CE., shown in this work as a general from Primaport, Italy.
...orned with the symbols of gods and goddess of Roman mythology and is being supported by Cupid, a god who Augustus claimed to be related to. All of the symbols used to portray Augustus not just a strong Military and political leader, but that his power comes from the gods. Much like the Statue of Augustus Judeo Christian Emporers used symbols to portray their power. An example of this is Otto III Receiving Homage, Dedication Page, Aachen Gospels of Otto, German, 997-1000 AD, Ottonian Illuminated Manuscript, which shows Otto III an Ottonian Emporers who is depicted holding a Lascaux ,which act as his baton of power and an orb which show that he has control over the Christian world. He is also dressed in gold and purple two colors which represent wealth and royalty. In addition he is surround by both military and religious figures which represent his pillars of power.
I hope through this article the reader has gained a better understanding how the human race has used sculpting and statues to share the values, experiences and emotions from our rich history. From the shores of liberty, to the museums of strength, to the cities of courage and the beach towns of peace the reader can find a rich history of human values. Everyone should be encouraged to conduct their own research into other statues created and review the values that they are built to reflect and share.
Augustus influenced the way the Roman people thought of him and because of that influence he set on the people of Rome he was able to prevail as a leader. Throughout the Res Gestae Augustus portrays himself as a humble leader that was given the opportunity to rule Rome by the people and not like many other rulers before him that fought against other powerful people to take the position of the head of Rome, when in fact Augustus did exactly what others had done before. He had taken the position by force but it is what he did differently once he had it, that he was able to last. He made it seem that he did not take it nor did he want it, but he was given the position by the people of Rome for which he accepted.
The history of the Roman Empire is one filled with warfare and deception. After the defeat of Carthage and the Gaul the Roman generals began to vie for power. Even after the murder of Cesar was avenged the fighting would not end. It was only after Anthony and Cleopatra were defeated at the Battle of Actium that a certain peace settled over the Roman provinces. The man responsible for this peace is Octavian, later known as Augustus. To commemorate his many achievements a statue of him was made after his death. Using the contraposto pose, the all around relief, various symbolic shapes Plykleitos, the artist of this statue, creates an inspiring image of the great general.
We have all at one time or another read or studied about Augustus of Primaporta, Commodus dressed as Hercules, or most likely about Michelangelo’s David and their importance in Roman history. All of these sculptures have been beautifully carved and balanced with unity that really gives us an idea of what Roman sculptures were supposed to look like. Roman artists used the Greek idealism and perfection as well as a combination of Roman realism to create beautiful images of their gods or rulers. The sculpture, Juno Regina, found at the James Madison University Lisanby Museum is a marble sculpture with the same structures and ideas as typical Roman sculptures found during her time period. The Juno Regina statue shows realism and a sense of balance as well as history that is often found in the Roman sculptures.
Proud Emperor Augustus, clad in an ornate breastplate, stands upright, his arm extended outward and perhaps motioning to the distance. This impeccably carved marble statue is an iconic symbol of the illustrious Roman Empire, one who took World History in high school or expressed even the most cursory interest in Rome must at least recognize this exquisite work of art when presented with it.
The bust of Commodus is one of the most famous masterpieces of Roman portaiture and depicts the emperor as the reincartion of the heroe Hercules. Commodus is seen wearing the lions skin over his head, holding the club in his right hand, and the goldent apple of Hesperides in his left hand as a reminder of how he is seen to be as the greek hero Hercules. Two amazon woman are keeneling on the base beside a globe with sign of zodiac. These zodiac sifns show imporatn mimens in Commodus’s life.. On top of the globe is a cornucopia with the Amazon’s shield, one long enough to alomost cover his torso. Conucopiae, a “horn of plenty” full of fruits and representing prepsperity and fertility and abundance. This repersents a new golden era that Commosud
Zanker, P., The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus. Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1988. Print
The Votive Statue of Gudea depicts the ruler in his youth standing straight up with his arms holding a vessel of water in front of him. Two streams of water are flowing out of the vessel and down the statue while fish are depicted facing towards the vessel, promoting life and peace. Gudea wears a long garment that does not cover one of his shoulders and contains inscriptions written by Gudea himself. In the inscription he dedicates the statue to Geshtinanna, a goddess who interpreted dreams. Because the garment leaves on shoulder bare, viewers are able to see Gudea’s well-defined muscles. His eyes are wide open, symbolic of intense concentration, and he wears a wide brimmed hat. In the work, Gudea is seen as an amicable, strong, and righteous leader. The Augustus of Primaporta depicts the emperor standing with his arm raised and with all his weight shifted into one foot. This is slightly different than the Votive Statue of Gudea, both positions are symbolic of the way a rule from each time period would have addressed troops. Augustus along with his youthful features, is exactly how Augustus would have wanted to be remembered. This is also true to The Votive Statue of Gudea. There are many other symbolic details that relate to mythology and history incorporated into the statue of Augustus. The torso armor that Augustus wears
The “Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius” was one of the lucky bronze pieces from Ancient Rome. It was lucky because the Ancient Romans often melted their bronze creations to make new ones. While this helped supply artists with material for new statues, the melting of statues has left modern cultures without knowledge of possibly hundreds of Ancient Rome’s finest pieces. Thankfully this statue survived is now at the Museo Capitolino in Rome, where it is an inside exhibit to keep safe from the harsh elements and pollution.
Zanker, Paul. The power of images in the Age of Augustus. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1988. (P. 158 ~ 159)