Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
explanatory Essay
1487 words
This paper will attempt to describe Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The different causative factors, as well as the diagnosis of this disorder will also be described. Finally, the different treatments that are available for ADHD will be discussed. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a psychological condition that usually begins in early childhood and often lasts into adulthood (University of Illinois, n.d.). Have you ever noticed a child having trouble concentrating, that can't seem to sit still, who interrupts others during their conversation, or has acted impulsively without thinking? Most of us can think of a child that has these problems, but for some children, these behaviors are uncontrollable and can interfere with their ability to form friendships or their success in school (Bussing & Grohol, n.d.). "There are three broad sets of symptoms associated with ADHD: inattention and distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsivity;" however, it is not necessary to have symptoms from all three of these areas to be diagnosed with ADHD (University of Illinois, n.d.). The hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms are more prevalent in males and are more severe earlier in their childhood. Many children with ADHD also experience secondary problems, which can include academic problems and problems with their peers (University of Illinois, n.d.). Children who have symptoms of inattention may be easily distracted, have difficulties focusing, become bored easily, have no organizational skills, or just can't seem to complete or turn in their homework. Children who have symptoms of hyperactivity may have trouble sitting still and being quite, or they may seem like they are constantly "on the go." C... ... middle of paper ... ...rders/childhood-adhd/ Butcher, J., Mineka, S., Hooley, J. (2010). Abnormal Psychology, 14th edition. Retrieved from https://digitalbookshelf.argosy.edu Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2013, November 13). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Data & statistics. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (n.d.). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/index.s html?utm_source=REFERENCES_R7#pub8 University of Illinois. (n.d.). A student's guide to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Retrieved from http://www.counselingcenter.illinois.edu/self-help-brochures/academic-difficulties/a-student %E2%80%99s-guide-to-attention-deficithyperactivity-disorder-adhd/
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the paper will describe attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), the different causative factors, and the diagnosis of this disorder.
- Explains that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a psychological condition that usually begins in early childhood and often lasts into adulthood.
- Explains the three broad sets of symptoms associated with adhd: inattention and distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Explains the dsm-iv-tr criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
- Explains that six (or more) of the following symptoms of inattention have been present, lasted for at least 6 months, and are not appropriate for the child's developmental level.
- Explains the symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity, which include difficulty organizing tasks and activities, distractions, and forgetting to do daily activities.
- Opines that a person can't play quietly or engage in leisure activities if they're 'driven by motors'. they cite butcher, mineka, and hooley.
- Explains that there are currently three sub-types of adhd: predominately inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined.
- Explains that genetics, environmental factors, brain injuries, nutrition, and social environments might contribute to adhd. researchers have identified neuro-developmental factors and neurophysiological deficits in several neurotransmitter systems as contributing factors.
- Explains that a licensed health professional needs to gather information about the child, and his or her behavior and environment.
- Explains that the specialist will check school and medical records to see if there are any abnormalities in the child's home or school settings.
- Explains that there are two types of medications that are used for treating adhd: stimulants and non-stimulants.
- Explains the different types of psychotherapy that are useful in treating adhd, such as behavioral therapy and social skills. children with adhd need their parents and teachers to guide and understand them.
- Reports that as of 2011, 6.4 million children between the ages of 4 and 17 have been diagnosed with adhd.
- Concludes that adhd is a common childhood mental disorder that affects millions of children, but with the proper treatment plan, most children can learn how to function with this disorder.
- Explains that the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) has released data on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd).
- Cites university of illinois' a student's guide to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd).
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- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorderexplanatory essayAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is very commonly known. Today, ADHD is one of the most common mental disorders among children. The NIMH (The national institute of mental health) predicts that it affecting 3 to 5 percent of all children(AACAP), with an approximate amount of 30% to 65% of these children experiencing persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood (AACAP).There are three types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, Predominantly Inattentive Type, and Combination Type(ehow.com). The symptoms of ADHD can be classified into three main categories; hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. These behaviors can interfere with ADHD sufferers’ ability to focus deliberately on organizing and completing a specific task that they may not enjoy.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd is one of the most common mental disorders among children. it affects 3 to 5 percent of all children with persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood.
- Explains that inattentiveness and impulsiveness are the most common symptoms of this disorder. distractibility and short attention span affect the person's ability to concentrate.
- Explains that adhd is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the person's ability to process and rate of learning new information. there are different types of medication and treatment that include therapy, stimulants and non-stimulants.
- Explains that there is no real cure to adhd, but those who suffer can handle it with ease. each person with adhd has their own experience and must find out what works best for them.
- Describes the definition of adhd in adult-child-add - adhd.
- Explains that there are three types of adhd, which all have their own set of symptoms.
- Cites carson, cat, "history & discovery of adhd." demand health inc, n.d. web. 5 jan. 2014.
966 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)explanatory essayAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Introduction Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), once called hyperkinesis or minimal brain dysfunction, is one of the most common mental disorders among children. (Elia, Ambrosini, Rapoport, 1999) It affects 3 to 5 percent of all children, with approximately 60% to 80% of these children experiencing persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood, causing a lifetime of frustrated dreams and emotional pain. There are two types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an inattentive type and a combined type. The symptoms of ADHD can be classified into three categories: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder affects 3 to 5 percent of children, with persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood.
- Explains that stimulant drugs are widely used to treat the symptoms of adhd, such as methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine and pemoline.
- Explains the effectiveness of atomoxetine, a stimulant drug used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- Explains that another trial on the topic of treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has included five newest food and drug administration (fda) approved stimulant agents — concerta, metadate cd, ritalin la, adderall xr, focalin.
- Explains that innovative technology has fuelled the development of new release mechanisms and isolation of active enantiomer components with the hopes of enhancing the duration of action and improving the safety and effectiveness of stimulant agents.
- Explains that concerta was the first extended relief or long-lasting drug available for the sufferers of adhd. metadate cd is the second stimulant drug on the market.
- Compares the characteristics of newly approved psychostimulants based on age and over 6 years. the recommended daily dose is 54 mg 60 mg.
- Explains that ritalin la uses the spheroidal oral drug absorption system (sodas) technology producing the same effect as a normal stimulant taken at four-hour intervals.
- Explains that the final experiment that researches the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder focuses on the combining effects of stimulant therapy, such as ritalin, eeg biofeedback, and the parenting style.
- Explains that research is done to improve conditions and quality of life for those suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. stimulant therapy can be conveniently taken once a day. alternative treatments are available.
- Cites brown university child and adolescent behavior center's report that fda approves new nonstimulant treatment for adhd.
- Cites michelson, albert j. allen, joan busner, charles casat, david dunn, christopher kratochvil, jeffrey newcorn, f. randy sallee, r. bart sangal, keith saylor, scott west, douglas kelsey,
- Explains the effects of stimulant therapy, eeg biofeedback, and parenting style on the primary symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
1686 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder whose symptoms consist of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. Individuals diagnosed with ADHD often experience difficulties being able to focus on a particular task and controlling their behavior. The disorder is also associated with lower academic success, delinquent behavior, and difficulty maintaining stable employment. These problems are the results of the inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, which are the symptoms used to measure ADHD (Breyer, Lee, Winters, August, & Realmuto, 2014).
In this essay, the author
- Explains the longitudinal study of childhood adhd and substance dependence disorders in early adulthood.
- Explains that adhd is a common childhood disorder whose symptoms consist of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity.
- Explains that the researchers examined the likelihood of substance dependence in adulthood for those diagnosed with adhd.
- Explains that adhd is a common childhood disorder whose symptoms consist of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity.
- Explains that the researchers examined the likelihood of substance dependence in adulthood for those diagnosed with adhd.
1892 wordsRead More - ADHD In Childrencomparative essayMany of the developmental issues children face in their youth are linked to disorders that affect their learning and behavior patterns. While the average child would go through a range of normal variations in their behaviors, children with these types of developmental problems fall beyond the range of typical actions. Not just one disorder is to blame for these progressive issues though. There are several, and they can range from highly disruptive to those that are barely an issue in a child’s daily activity. Amongst the many is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children who have short attention span and are not able to stay on task are considered to have this disorder. Here we will examine characteristics and symptoms that are common to those who share this disorder, including the history and how its many issues can often be treated.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that many developmental issues children face in their youth are linked to disorders that affect their learning and behavior patterns. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is one of them.
- Explains that adhd plagued families for many years prior to its recognition as a disorder. the american psychiatric association (apa) did not formally recognize adhd until the late 1960s.
- Explains that adhd is typically characterized by two distinct sets of symptoms: inattention and hyperactivity / impulsiveness.
- Recommends setting a routine for your child to follow during the course of the week to help them stay organized and meet expectations. a quiet environment is most necessary with children suffering from adhd.
- Explains allen, eileen, and schwartz's the exceptional child: inclusion in early childhood education.
528 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)analytical essayAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, more commonly known as ADD or ADHD, has become much more common recently. As of 1994 the DSM-IV stated that about 3%-5% of American school aged children have this disorder. While it is quite a few children, what I find to be even more interesting are the male-to-female ratios within the disorder. They range from 4:1 to 9:1. According to Wade, Carol &Travis (2000), boys make up 80 to 90 percent of all ADHD cases. What I've looked into finding out is why there is such a gender difference. I wanted to know if it was because the way society raises girls, or are boys really at a higher risk for it.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder has become more common in recent years. the male-to-female ratios range from 4:1 to 9:1.
- Explains that they are interested in how the label of having adhd affects girls as opposed to boys. this topic is relevant to psychology because it is looking at the females social development.
- Explains that adhd is a disorder in which there are persistent patterns of inattention and/or impulsivity. it is leading cause of school failure and under-achievement.
- Explains the three sub-categories of hyperactive-impulsive, inattention, and combined types.
- Explains that most of their research focused on how gender and society play into the diagnosis of adhd more in boys than in girls.
- Explains that greene's 2001 study looked at how girls with adhd were perceived socially. the results were consistent with the thoughts that it raises the risk for the effects of adhd on the child.
- Explains that gaub and carlson analyzed the prevalence rates of adhd and the male to female ratios. they used structured interviews, but changed some questions because they were making the dsm-iv criteria for adhd.
- Explains that biederman (1999) talked about the difference between the types of adhd in girls and boys, stating that girls have intellectual impairment, mood, and anxiety disorders, while boys have hyperactive disorders and conduct disorders.
- Explains biederman's findings that adhd in girls is a very overlooked, yet serious disorder. it is associated with impairment in multiple domains of functioning.
- Explains that sharp (1999) looked into the lack of literature on adhd in girls. they found that girls were being treated less for adhd because they had different symptoms.
- Analyzes littman's article about adhd symptoms in girls, stating that they tend to struggle with self-esteem, depression, and anxiety.
- Analyzes littman's points about the different ways adhd manifests itself in girls and boys, and the misdiagnosis of many females by diagnosing them with depression or anxiety.
- Cites an article in the brown university child and adolescent behavior letter that talked about a study that included 24 females and 34 males with adhd and 28 female and 20 male controls. rucklidge's study found that female adhd was significantly more diminished in the areas of depression, anxiety, distress, teacher relationships, stress, attributional styles and focus of control.
- Opines that more research on adhd can help girls avoid being misdiagnosed or going without any form of treatment.
- Explains the american psychiatric association's diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th edition.
- Summarizes gaub, carlson, and biederman's research on gender differences in adhd.
1672 wordsRead More - adhdexplanatory essayAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder is an anxiety disorder that affects the behavior of many people. ADHD symptoms such as impulsiveness and inattentiveness may begin in childhood and continue into adulthood. Almost 60% of children who are diagnosed with ADHD remain with this symptom through adulthood. Interpreted into simpler terms, about eight million adults in the U.S. have this life-affecting indication throughout their lives (http://www.webmd.com/add-adhd/guide/adhd-adults). In order for someone to be considered ADHD, abnormal behaviors including lack of focus must last for at least six months in two environments or more. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is not just another condition that can be looked down upon, but rather a serious, taxing syndrome.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is an anxiety disorder that affects the behavior of many people. adhd symptoms may begin in childhood and continue into adulthood.
- Explains that adhd symptoms can be categorized into three types of groups: inattentiveness, restlessness, and impulsivity.
- Explains that there are several effective and evidence-based options to treat people with adhd. multimodal treatment is the most effective adhd management strategy followed by medication alone and behavioral treatment.
- Explains that adhd affects people of all ages and genders, even people without this disorder. people with adhd may be hated and ignored because of their disorder, which can lead to depression.
- Explains that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is a serious symptom that should be carefully thought upon.
583 wordsRead More - ADHDopinionated essayDo you have difficulties with paying attention, focusing, organization, and/or sitting still? Do you find your body is in constant motion? You might have ADHD if you answered yes to any of the above questions. ADHD is a “neurobehavioral disorder [or] a disorder of the nervous system that can be seen in a person’s behavior” (Farrar: 4) that affects children as well as some adults. This disorder can also be defined as a condition that “ interferers with a person’s ability to control” (Nakaya: 8) attention. Furthermore, it hinders “motor activity” (Gascon-Garcia:1) and a person’s “ability to control impulsiveness” (Gascon-Garcia:1). This disorder is characterized by a short attention span, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The problems of ADHD result from an imbalance of neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) in the brain. Not every child whose parents perceive him or her as active or even “hyper” has ADHD. ADHD has to be diagnosed by a medical professional. In order for this disorder to be identified, problems associated with ADHD needs to be present for at least six months, start before the age of seven, and interfere with performance in different settings such as home and school. It may impair academic activities in children that are school age. In order for children to be successful in school, it is imperative to identify them as well as put into place interventions to support them as they navigate through school. This will allow them to be successful later on in life.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd is a disorder of the nervous system that affects children as well as some adults. it causes short attention span, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness.
- Explains that there are three subtypes of adhd each with different symptoms: hyperactive-impulsive, inattentive, and combined.
- Explains that adhd is a chronic condition that can have widespread effects due to the various symptoms and how they affect each person individually.
- Explains the symptoms of inattention, such as: •doesn’t pay attention to details; •makes a lot of mistakes;
- Explains that adhd is a largely hereditary condition. it is linked to neurotransmitters, which send messages between nerve cells in the brain.
- Opines that effective treatment should be implemented over long periods of time because it is unlikely that someone with adhd will outgrow it.
- Recommends using education, therapy, special diets, and biofeedback to treat adhd. children need consistent rules and consequences for their behaviors.
- Explains that more than five million children in the united states have been diagnosed with adhd. increased diagnoses rates have caused controversy.
1276 wordsRead More - ADHDexplanatory essayAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is usually when a child or an adult isn’t able to focus, is overactive, not able control behavior, or a combination of all of these. ADHD is a neurobehavioral disorder and to be diagnosed the person must considered to be out of the normal range for a person's age and development. There’s three types of ADHD Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, Predominantly Inattentive Type, and Combination Type. The first type, behavior is determined by hyperactivity and impulsivity, not inattentiveness. Usually doctors can tell this specific type through symptoms like trouble playing quietly, talking excessively or out of turn, can’t sit neither stand still, etc. The second type behavior is marked by inattentiveness, not hyperactivity and impulsivity. This type is determined on how focused your child is, forgetfulness, listening, ability to understand directions, etc. Lastly the third type is a combination of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentive symptoms which is the most common type of ADHD. While lastly this type is determined if u have a combination of the symptoms listed before. According to NY Times Daily News about 6.4 million children have received an ADHD diagnosis at some point. There has been a 16% increase since 2007 as well as a 53% increase in the past decade. Over the course of years there’s been a doubt of the diagnostic of ADHD therefore there’s been new changes in the criteria.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness.
- Explains the side effects of adhd medication, including decreased appetite, headaches, difficulty falling asleep, irritability, and stomach aches. misuse of stimulants can lead to malnutrition and cardiovascular complications.
- Explains that the diagnostic changes in adhd have made it easier to determine if someone is out of normal development. the change also impacts the public's perception because now there are more wary of how psychiatric medicine, diagnosis, and treatment is handled.
- Explains that the diagnostic criteria and the name used to describe the characteristics of adhd have changed over time to be more precise.
894 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)explanatory essayWhat is ADHD? ADHD is a comprehensive disorder that leads o different behaviors among children and adults including hyperactivity, difficulty holding attention, as well as impulsive actions. There are three types of ADHD. First, you have Predominantly Inattentive type which s commonly known to the public s ADD. ADD is characterized by symptoms such as distractedness, constant daydreaming, and forgetfulness, or difficulty completing tasks. Second, there is Predominantly Hyperactive Impulsive types, which are characterized by symptoms such as hyperactivity, destructive behaviors, and chronic or exaggerated impatience. Last, there is the Combined type, which is characterized by symptoms that are a combination of the other two types.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd is a comprehensive disorder that leads o different behaviors among children and adults including hyperactivity, difficulty holding attention, and impulsive actions.
- Explains that adhd symptoms fall into three main catergories: inattentive, hyperactivity and impulsive behavior. there are many different causes for adhd, and research is still being done to find other issues.
- Explains that there is no cure for adhd, although there are medications to help and it can be a valuale part of their treatment.
- Explains that children with adhd are ten times more likely to have friendship problems, relationship problems and a higher injury percentage.
594 wordsRead More - Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Case Studyexplanatory essayAttention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a chronic mental disorder that occurs in the brain and affects people in a growth stage. ADHD cannot be diagnosed until the patient, especially children, enter a structured environment. The diagnosis of ADHD includes testing the attention and behavior in the patient. Then the patient begins treatment. This essay will talk about the main diagnosis and diagnosis according to age. Then it will discuss the two types of treatment.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adhd cannot be diagnosed until the patient enters a structured environment. the essay will talk about the main diagnosis and diagnosis according to age.
- Explains that the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactive disorder has three processes depending on the different number of symptoms and the age.
- Explains the diagnosis of adhd after the third process depending on the age. the first type is children (young person) and teenagers.
- Explains that the attention deficit hyperactive disorder can be treated in two ways and each treatment has several methods of managing the symptoms.
453 wordsRead More