Nancy Darling defines parenting style as a “constellation of attitudes toward the child that are communicated to the child and that, taken together, create an emotional climate in which the parent’s behaviours are expressed.” A previous exploration about the parenting framework points to three basic components: the emotional relationship between the parent and child, parents’ practices, and the parents’ belief system (Darling and Steinberg, 1993). Certain specific behaviours are marked as essential to the demarcation of parenting practice (Schaefer, 1959). Further ahead, the specific parenting behaviours are clubbed together to certain broader conceptual categories (Baldwin, 1948; Orlansky, 1949; Schaefer & Bell, 1958; Symonds, 1939). Later …show more content…
Chao (1994), Darling & Steinberg, (1993) have argued that child outcomes owing to ethnic differences in parenting style may be due to differences in social context, parenting practices, or the cultural meaning of specific dimensions of parenting style. The central theme in case of an Asian parenting is family and family interdependence (Chao and Tseng, 2002). In India, the scenario is a little bit different than the rest of the world. The striking distinction between South Asian families and East Asian families is the concept of interdependence, which traditional Indian families practice in vogue (Chao & Tseng, 2002; Jambunathan & Counselman, 2002). The presence of extended family in an Indian family environment results in diminished autonomy for the child and increased parental control (Rose, Dalakas, & Kropp, 2003). The concept of autonomy is influenced as much by culture as by parenting (Manzi, Regalia, Pelucchi, & Fincham, 2012). As most young people stay with their families until adulthood or until their marriage and are found to be less anxious about the control their parents use (Trommsdorff, 1995). For instance Indian mothers are found to foster autonomy to children in certain …show more content…
It is no wonder that parents play an important role in guiding the lives of their children. An important fact of which is the development of coping skills in children and adolescents through parental socializations. Culture affects parenting style as well. It is evident from investigations pointing out that parenting style differs from eastern to western part of the world. Several investigations conducted on Indian parenting style show authoritarian parenting to be practiced than western countries (Garg, Levin, Urajnik, & Kauppi, 2005; Jambunathan & Counselman, 2002; Rudy & Grusec, 2006). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of parenting style on coping on suburban adolescents in India. Seymours (1998, 1999) ethnographic study in Bhubaneswar reports that rural areas practiced more authoritarian child rearing practices. Urban and suburban areas on the other hand saw equal involvement of both parents in child rearing. Hence the study chose suburban adolescents as its population. The study especially focuses on proactive coping strategies (as it is about positive experience and creating opportunities instead of emphasising on negative experiences) and the role parenting and other demographic factors (type of family, gender of adolescent, and income of parents) play in predicting it. As evident from
Parenting styles have been widely defined by Baumrind into three categories, authoritative, authoritarian and permissive. Parenting styles can be defined as a pattern of attitudes in how parents choose to express and communicate with their children. These styles are categorized based on the level of nurturance, parental control and level of responsiveness (Dwairy, 2004). Authoritative style exhibits high levels of demand, responsiveness and nurturance; authoritarian style exhibits high levels of demand but low levels of responsiveness, permissive style exhibits low levels of demand but high in responsiveness and nurturance (Dwairy, 2004). These parenting styles have been proposed to have a significant impact on a child’s development as well as academic achievement and psychological well-being. Children reared by authoritative parents are stated to have the highest levels of academic achievement, self-esteem, emotional adjustment and well-being according to Baumrind’s category of styles (Dwairy, 2004). However, these three categories are based on Western samples and have been said to describe parenting styles mainly in the West and question its limitations in describing parenting across cultures, as each style’s defining patterns may have different meanings across cultures.
The article “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior” by Amy Chua demonstrates the two different mind sets of parenting: Chinese parenting and Western approach to parenting. In my view, Chinese parenting is very strict about school work and extracurricular activities such as pianos and violins. For example, if we compare the two different sets of parenting; Chua says, for instance that Western parents believe that they are strict by forcing their kids practice their instruments for 30 minutes a day at most to an hour. This is nothing compared to the Chinese parents that would say the first hour of practice is easy it’s the second or third hour that gets tough (Chua 2011). This shows how forcefully strict the Chinese parents are compared to Western parents. The Chinese parents would say anything that really has to be said to their kid’s straight forward, but the Westerns would go about telling their kids, so it won’t hurt their feelings or their self-esteem. A few of these examples come to show that Chinese parents have intelligent kids, but are they intelligent enough for society? In other words are these Chinese children capable to work in group projects compared to an American kid that lives the usually life as a kid; like going to sleepovers and participating in different school activities. This is what David Brooks actually discusses about in his article “Amy Chua Is a Wimp”, says that Amy Chua’s way of parenting which is Chinese parenting isn’t effective enough. Well sure their kids are very intelligent and get high grades, but can they participate in well-functioning groups? One thing that Chinese parenting lacks in is a skill set that is not taught formally, but is imparted through strenuous experiences. This is exactly what Chua...
Parenting is one of the things in life where there is not a rulebook and there are a lot of beliefs on how to raise children. Parents tend to raise their children based on their childhood experiences whether they were good or bad. Some parents raise their children just like they were raised and some raise their children differently because they don’t agree with the way their parents raised them. Parenting styles are based on the ideals and beliefs parents have about raising their children. Research shows that parenting styles directly affect how children behave in and out of school. Students may be presented with
A parent’s parenting styles are as diverse as the world we live in today. Nowadays, parents only want what is best for their children and their parenting styles plays a crucial role in the development of children which will in the long run, not only effect the child’s childhood years, but later prolong into their adult life as well.
The type of parenting style used by parents may be determined by the parent’s own cultural heritage. As immigrants move to a new country, it will take time to learn the new culture and to be accustomed to their ways. Therefore, it would not be surprising if first generation immigrant parents place the hardest strain on their children. Since they have not yet been accustomed to American culture, they will be more likely to adhere to their traditional ways. Immigrants who have been in the country longer may have slowly compromised traditional views with new
Roopnarine, Jaipaul L. and D. Bruce Carter. Parent-Child Socialization in Diverse Cultures. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1992.
The universality versus cultural specificity debate both have aspects that make sense and can be applied to childhood development. On one side, supporters of the argument for the universality of parenting suggest that certain types of parenting styles will produce the same child development outcomes in different cultures. On the other hand, the argument for cultural specificity states that different parenting practices vary from culture to culture, and that culture ultimately determines the outcomes of child development. Each culture has specific styles of parenting that instill values on children particular to that culture. Each individual has characteristics of what their parents taught them, which gives every individual their own personality. Both sides present logical information on the cultural impacts of parenting on child development outcomes.
McDevitt, T. M., and J. E. Ormrod. "Parenting Styles." Child Development and Education. 3rd ed. N.p.: Prentice Hall, 2006. 159-161. Education.com. Merill, 2007. Web. 27 Dec. 2013. .
Throughout nearly all studies, it has become clear that parenting seems to have two main aspects that build it: demandingness and responsiveness. With these two characteristics, there are 4 main “parenting styles” that can be distinguished, each having their own level of both features.
Talib, M. B. A., Abdullah, R., & Mansor, M. (2011). Relationship between Parenting Style and Children’s Behavior Problems. Asian Social Science, 7(12), p195.
With over three hundred million Americans and over six billion people worldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrum. These two styles; authoritarian, and permissive both have deleterious results that are often visible throughout different developmental stages, such as rebellious behavior. As well each style has its own advantages such as; acceptance by peers with commonality. Child rearing for most parents is an evolving set of skills. It could be said that, with any style of parenting, there is no explicit set of rules for every situation, and what works for one child may not be effective for another.
In the previous study, Milevsky, Schlechter, Klem, and Kehl (2008) states that adolescence with either both parents are neglectful parenting style or one of the parent is neglectful parenting style score lower on self-esteem than adolescence without neglectful parenting style parent. In daily life, parents that let their children involve in making family decision lead their children to higher self-esteem level than parents that only want their children obey without giving any reason. Parents with authoritative parenting style are more flexible, openness to discussion and also willing to compromise toward their children. In a sample of 230 college student, Buri, Louiselle, Misukanis and Mueller (1988) found that
Though both Asian parents and Asian children deal with extreme pressure, for the child’s academic success, the pressure is different for the child. For example, Amy Chua in “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior” states, “…if children do not excel at school then there was “a problem” and parents “were not doing their job” (411). The parent has extreme
Parenting styles have the capacity of influencing a child’s social, cognitive, and psychological growth, which would then affect the child both in their childhood years, and as an adult.
According to Child Rearing Practices in Different Cultures, White or Caucasian and Indian parents will ...