Arizona’s Constitutional Provisions
The Arizona Constitution affects schools, corporations, counties, and municipalities in many different ways. It was originally written in 1910, and approved in 1911 to provide the citizens of Arizona with the possibility of becoming a separated and legal state of its own right. Arizona was rejected as a state several times before it was accepted by President Taft on February 14, 1912 to become part of the State of Union. The Arizona Constitution is the framework on the decisions and rules that each school, corporation, and municipality must follow. It also protects the rights of the people in their individual businesses, their disabilities, and also provides security and stability so that each individual is treated fairly.
Arizona Constitution Effects on Counties
There are a total of 15 counties in the state of Arizona. The capital of the Arizona is located in Maricopa County which also holds the majority of the state’s population. The Arizona state constitution has a big impact on the formation of counties in the state. Article XII of the Arizona state constitution outlines many of the powers given to the counties (Arizona constitution).
Article XII has nine sections which cover a variety of topics. The first section of the article states that each county of the state shall be recognized as a body politic and corporate. This is important for the counties as it lets them be seen as one entity. Other powers granted to the counties are the election of county officers and their set term lengths. The county officers included in section 3 are the sheriff, county attorney, recorder, treasurer, assessor, superintendent of schools and at least three supervisors. They are all to be elected by the peop...
... middle of paper ...
...a (2007). Arizona State Legislature. Retrieved on 15 November 2013 at http://www.azleg.gov/Constitution.asp?Article=13. http://ballotpedia.org/Article_13,_Arizona_Constitution.
ASI, (2012). The Arizona Constitution: Study Guide. Massachusetts: Academic Solutions, Inc.
Bommersbach, Jana. The Arizona Republic: Arizona’s Statehood Story.AZCentral.com. 2012 http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/viewpoints/articles/2010/11/27/20101127arizona-statehood-boomersbach.html. http://coconino.az.gov/DocumentCenter/View/308.
Keyt, R. (2013). Arizona s. corporations. Retrieved November 12, 2013 from www.keytlaw.com/azllclaw/az-endtities/arizona-s-corporation. Meyer, Warren. (2013). Forbes: Constitutional Protection Against the Corporate States.
Forbes.com Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/warrenmeyer/2011/03/24/constitutional-protection-against-the-corporate-state/.
The Texas Constitution is a document that describes the structure and purpose of the government in Texas. It took effect in February 15, 1876 and is amongst the longest state constitutions in the United States. It is the sixth constitution since claiming their independence from Mexico in 1836. Texas joined the United States under the Constitution of 1845 with provisions. Those provisions included allowing Texas to enter the union and begin the first U.S. statehood constitution. In 1861 Texas amended to transfer their statehood to the Confederacy. After the Confederacy was defeated Texas was required to adopt a constitution if they wanted to rejoin the union. The 1866 Constitution Convention emerged with a document but it did not last very long.
Our county was founded with the principles of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. The constitution is structured to ensue those individual rights. We have a government of the people, by the people, and for the people.
Miranda rights are the entitlements every suspect has. An officer of the law is required to make these rights apparent to the suspect. These are the rights that you hear on every criminal investigation and policing show in the country, “You have the right to remain silent, anything you say may be used against you, you have the right to consult an attorney, if you can no t afford an attorney one will be appointed for you.” After the suspect agrees that he or she understands his/her rights, the arrest and subsequent questioning and investigation may continue. These are liberties that were afforded to suspected criminals in the Miranda Vs Arizona. However, with every rule there also exceptions like: Maryland v. Shatzer, Florida v. Powell, and Berghuis v. Thompkins.
In both constitutions, this article spells out the powers and limitations of the legislature. One obvious difference was that “qualified electors” were restricted to “every free male excluding Indians not taxed, Africans, and descendants of Africans, excepted,” in the Constitution of 1845. In contrast, the Constitution of 1876 does not explicitly state restrictions for “qualified voters” (“Constitution of Texas,” n.d.; “Texas Constitution,”n.d.). The size of the Senate and the House of Representative is not mentioned in the Constitution of 1845 unlike the Constitution of 1876 which restricted the sizes to thirty-one members and 150 members, respectively. The term for a Senator has remained four years. However, the minimum age requirement to be a Senator changed from 30 years in the Constitution of 1945 to 26 years in the “Modern Day” Constitution. Although, the minimum requirement to be the resident of the state has gone up from three years to five years. The qualification for the Representatives has remained unchanged from the Constitution of 1845 to the “Modern Day.” The compensation for the legislature has not increased significantly. Legislature were paid three dollars a day when in session and three dollars travel compensation for twenty-five miles in 1845 and today legislature are paid $600 a month. A provision of Article
The Texas Constitution provides for the division of power and integration of Bill of Rights to the constituents of the State of Texas. The Texas Constitution is made up of a preamble, seventeen articles, and an appendix. The current Constitution was written on November 26, 1875, and adopted February 15, 1876, it is also the eighth constitution to be adopted by the State of Texas. Similar to the United States Constitution the Texas Constitution contains a preamble as follows, “Humbly invoking the blessing of Almighty God, the people of the State of Texas do ordain and establish this Constitution” (Tex. Const., pmbl).
The constitution establish major governing institutions, assign institution’s power, place explicit and implicit control on power granted. All this gives the political legitimacy. The U.S constitution gives the base model for state constitution for Texas.
The Constitution is the foundation of our county it represents liberty and justice for all. We are able to live freely and do, as we desire because of the constitution. The constitution was, signed September 17, 1787 at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. It took time and many debates were held before an agreement was achieved in both the drafting and ratification of the constitution. These disagreements came with several compromises before the constitution was fully ratified on May 29, 1790, with Rhode Island being the last and the thirteenth. The First, challenge was the Articles of Confederation; it was a sort of a draft of the Constitution but was weak and inadequate. Second, obstacle was the Anti-Federalists fight for more
In the article titled "Dying to Work" there is an excellent quote given by Rep. Kolbe says, “There are no two countries in the world that share a border where the economic disparities are greater than between the U.S. and Mexico.” (AZ Republic, 2002) My paper draws on the information from the “Worldwide Refugee Information: Country Report: Mexico” written in 2000 and the article titled “Dying to Work: The Arizona Republic” written in 2001. Both of these articles give numerous information about the Mexican Immigrants and refugees. I am focusing on the illegal Mexican immigrants as well as refugees that enter the U.S. through refugee status, because living in Arizona, there are many immigrants and refugees from Mexico that we see walking down the street. They are trying to come across the boarder to the United States. These immigrants and refugees come in search for a better life, not only for themselves, but for their families as well. Mexico is full of poverty and trying to find a good paying job in Mexico is slim to none. People depend on their family members that come across to the United States to support them. In this paper I will compare and contrast these two articles, trying to give you a better scope of how difficult things are for refugees and illegal immigrants that come to the U.S. from Mexico, in search for hope..
Arizona’s Constitution was written sometime in 1910; amended, ratified, and approved by Congress in 1911. Then Arizona became the 48th state and the last adjoining state to be welcomed in the Union; on February 14, 1912. Since then the citizens of Arizona has amended their Constitution many times. The Constitution consists of thirty articles. There were quite a lot of events that impacted the process of Arizona becoming its own state. The first section will examine the events that developed Arizona Constitution. The next section will summarize the powers and functions of Arizona's three branches of government. In the following section will discuss the procedures for amending this Constitution. Finally, a reflection on the amendment process for the Arizona Constitution will close this document.
The United States Constitution begins with the simple phrase “We the People”. Yet, with three simple words, the ideology it stands for has shaped the entire country (O’Connor et al., 2011). The short phrase signifies that the document, and thus, the government, is based upon the people themselves. The Constitution reflects the culture and ideologies of its citizens. Similarly, state constitutions reflect the people, albeit in a more specific locality. The key differences between the United States Constitution and that of local states are due to the distinctions between the scope and characteristics of the people they govern.
The Constitution of the United States and the Texas Constitution share many similarities. They also have important differences due to different attitudes about what the role of government should be. It is important to know the limits of the state’s power as it can help us better understand our role as a Texas citizen.
Arizona V. Hicks discusses the legal requirements law enforcement needs to meet to justify the search and seizure of a person’s property under the plain view doctrine. The United States Supreme Court delivered their opinion of this case in 1987, the decision is found in the United States reports, beginning on page 321, of volume 480. This basis of this case involves Hicks being indicted for robbery, after police found stolen property in Hick’s home during a non-related search of the apartment. Hicks had accidentally discharged a firearm into the apartment below him, injuring the resident of that apartment. Police responded and searched Hicks apartment to determine the identity of the shooter, recover the weapon, and to locate other victims.
Miranda vs. Arizona Miranda vs. Arizona was a case that considered the rights of the defendants in criminal cases in regards to the power of the government. Individual rights did not change with the Miranda decision, however it created new constitutional guidelines for law enforcement, attorneys, and the courts. The guidelines ensure that the individual rights of the fifth, sixth and the fourteenth amendment are protected. This decision requires that unless a suspect in custody has been informed of his constitutional rights before questioning, anything he says may not be introduced in a court of law. The decision requires law enforcement officers to follow a code of conduct when arresting suspects.
Due process of law has been one of the major principles of the United States justice system. One part of due process is that police officers must follow regulations to ensure suspects are treated fair. Until the 1960’s there were no guidelines on the rights of a suspect during an interrogation. Miranda V. Arizona was a fundamental Supreme Court case that established a procedure police must follow while arresting a suspect, it also established the rights an individual has during the interrogation process. In this paper we will discuss the circumstances leading up to the Supreme Court’s decision, the reasoning behind the court’s decision, the ways it has impacted the criminal justice system, and finally how the decision in Miranda’s case effected
There are three classes of county government. The main differences are in the organization and selection of governing bodies and officers. General Law counties elect supervisors by district and Charter counties can elect at large or by district. Charter counties have more freedom drafting their charters determining the powers and duties of their officers and if they will be elected or appointed. The third class is Consolidated city and county. San Francisco is the only city-county (League of Women Voters, 1992).