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contribution of ancient games to modern sports
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Archery
Archery is one of the oldest sports, and art forms, known to man. Dating back to before 25,000 BC, archery has evolved and grown from simply a means of killing food and warfare, to more of an art form. Today, archery is a very common sport present in many areas of the world and throughout many different cultures.
In Africa, there have been arrow heads that have dated back to before 25,000 BC, and may be dated as far back as 50,000 BC. This suggests the use of a bow and arrow at this time. Archery was probably developed in accordance with the spear thrower, or atlatl. To the prehistory human, archery was the most effective means as to kill their food. The best hunters used this method to subdue prey from long distances, which was a great innovation of their time. No bows from this time period have been recovered as a result of the material from which the bow was made, wood. When a bow would become old or broken, it would simply be thrown into the fire and burned as firewood or simply left to decompose. Hence, the shape of the first bow can only be hypothesized.
Over the next few thousand years, many improvements began to occur. Between 25,000 and 18,000 BC, fire hardened arrowheads were used, along with the gluing of feathers to the shaft of the arrow. The first bow dating to around 7,000 BC was discovered in Denmark. It was made out of a solid piece of elm. Dating to 2,800 BC, the first composite bow was made by the Egyptians using wood, animal innards, and ...
At the time when humans were learning to use spears constructed out of sticks and stones and the
Using archery to kill game animals is known as bowhunting. Using a bow to hunt
They lived as Fishers and Hunters and kept domesticated animals (oxen, goats and sheep) and made rough pottery. Pottery and the use of the bow were developed. This was the period where the hafted axes were improved and where bones and tools were found. The characteristic of Mesolithic tools was the Microliths , a small but hard, sharp blade. Such tools were given those humans the opportunity to clear the forests areas and can also be attached to arrow shaft by using melted resin as a binder. This tool also had allowed those humans to dig out canoes and skin-covered boats.
As an audience member I am sympathetic. This is a subject of which I had some prior knowledge on before watching the video and had already formulated my opinion. I believe the author, Lawrence Lessig, is trying to reach a neutral audience. After showing multiple videos in which different types of creative expression are shown, Lessig branches off into the topic of copyright laws. He introduces this topic as something new when he states, “So much is not new, there is something that is new.” This implies that the audience would not already be aware of the type of occurrences being discussed and therefor they would not have already formed an opinion making them neutral.
Benefits of stem cell research can be overwhelming. Today, millions of people around the world suffer from incurable diseases. Stem cell research could help the scientific community find a breakthrough in developing a cure. By observing stem cells develop into mature human tissue, scientists can better understand how embryos develop. “Normal” human development can be recorded. This knowledge can be used to help prevent birth defects, for instance.
Stem cell research can date back to 1956 and has lead to multiple medical breakthroughs. Stem cells are generic animal cells that can make copies of themselves indefinitely. Therefore, these cells have to ability to become any body part or organ (Cowan). But, getting this resource is what brings up a controversy. Scientists and researchers are gathering human embryos to further study and test stem cells and some people don’t agree with this. The end result of using embryonic stem cells is someone being able to walk again, someone remembering the names of their children, and someone being able to say that he beat cancer. Stem cell research is beneficial to society and should be accepted into labs all around the world.
Survival was hard and basic survival techniques limited in an ever changing and unpredictable climate. The general practice was to hunt and find whatever it was you could eat. Hunting megafauna animals was the most practiced means by groups that were able to survive. To hunt these large animals, they had to develop ways to take them down, such as spears and javelins. Archeologists have found 380,000 year old wooden javelins in the Nordic Stone Age area. These javelins are the oldest complete hunting weapons ever found anywhere in the world and they were discovered in Schoningen, Germany.i
...uld not be hunted for sport. The hunters of today kill this animal for sport and not for survival. A large change in the weaponry for deer hunting has made it easier for hunters to kill deer. Even though some meat and other resources are used, the outlook for deer is not the same as it used to be. The rules and regulations by our government play a large role in why this species are not been terminated from the North American landscape.
How would you define your position as an audience member (resistant, neutral, etc.)? With your own position in mind, what kind of audience do you think the author is trying to reach? Please provide an example to support your answer.
Those who favour stem cell research are optimistic about the continued developments in stem cell research will open doors to many breakthrough discoveries in biomedical science. The scientific and ethical questions arise as rapidly as the reaching of milestones in stem cell research. There are two main types of stem cells, namely embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells in our body. But they have restricted-range of cells that they can further differentiate. On the contrary, embryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into nearly two hundred cell types in the human body, called pluripotency. The process of harvesting embryonic stem cells involves destruction of embryos (Mooney, 2009).
How would you define your position as an audience member (resistant, neutral, etc.)? With your own position in mind, what kind of audience do you think the author is trying to reach? Please provide an example to support your answer.
The Paleolithic Period began 2.5 million years ago. This period is said to have began when the first evidence of tools constructed and used by humans were found. This period is often referred to as the Old Stone Age. It is characterized by the us of stone tools. These were some of the first tools used by humans, mostly used to hunt their food. However, tools such as spears and bones, used after killing an animal, were also used as hunting tools. The Paleolithic Period covers almost 95 % of the human prehistory. This is dated as far back as 3.3 million years ago when stone tools were made to about 6,000 years ago when the first writing system was created. During the Paleolithic Period, groups of people began to stick together. This is what became some of the first tribes. They traveled and hunted in groups of people, instead of just a few traveling together. They often would follow food, including the giant woolly mammoth. Then, “fifteen thousand years ago, Homo sapiens took advantage of land bridges exposed by lowered sea levels and spread to Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, and, finally, the Americas,” (1). The groups of Hunter-Gatherers usually made houses of wood or hide. They weren’t very large
Stem cells offer exciting promise for future therapies, but significant technical hurdles remain that will only be overcome through years of intensive research. Stem Cells have the incredible potential to develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. Scientists primarily work with two kinds of stem cells from animals and humans. The embryonic stem cells and the non-embryonic stem cells. Stem cells are the cells from which all other cells originate. In a human embryo, a large portion of the embryo’s cells are stem cells. These stem cells can be used for cell-based therapies. Cell-Based therapies are treatments in which stem cells are induced to differentiate into the specific cell type required to repair damaged or destroyed cells or tissues. Stem cells are versatile and offer the possibility to treat a number of diseases including Alzheimer’s, stroke, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc. The problem is that for the process of embryonic stem cell research and embryo will be destroyed if used. This raises a moral issue and questions of whether stem cell research is unethical or not.
Buffalo have been hunted for many years, but the “Plain Hunters” would be able to butcher about ten to fifteen a day. The “Plain Hunters” were not able to slay as many before the 15th century, but when the rifle came the hunt became easier and more productive. “The first matchlock was created. Before the matchlock, weaponry was fired by grasping a flaming wick to a "touch hole" in the barrel igniting the gunpowder within the “flash pan”. The shooter uses one hand to fire and another hand to hold the prop to stable the firearm” (http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/technique/gun-timeline/). As the years go by, the improvement of hunting weaponry would sky rocket.
Damages done by the fraud to any organization can be huge if not prevented. The main role of internal auditors in an organization is the detection and then prevention of fraudulent activity that is why the organizations are paying for them. Some fraud activities have happened in the Ajax Export Corporation. The fraud is done by accounts payable clerk with a quantity of $18,000 by writing checks to herself and charging the expense to miscellaneous account/ expense. This process according to the examination has occurred over the period of three years. The issues which are addressed may have the following recommendations.