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‘hello’), a speaker is also doing something. Austin referred to actions that are carried out through speaking as speech acts. The Speech acts are when a speaker saying something and doing something else, and it means the actions that are carried out through speaking. For example, saying “Hi‟ or “Hello‟ while greeting somebody making a promise. Harvey Sacks began his work in conversation analysis, which examines naturally occurring talk in an extremely detailed and methodical way, and it used as an attempt to reach an understanding of how people actually use spoken language to communicate and he talks about procedural rules, which people tend to follow when one person addresses another.
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Thus, code-switching is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with phonology and syntax of each variety (Per Larsen, 2015). It’s distinct from other language contact phenomena, such as borrowing, pidgins and creoles. Borrowing affects the lexicon, the words that make up a language, while code-switching takes place in individual utterances. Speakers establish a pidgin language when two or more speakers who do not speak a common language form an intermediate, third language. On the other hand, speakers practice code-switching when they are each fluent in both languages.