Anthropological Gender Assessment Essay

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Recommended: Importance of medical anthropology

Background: The law implementation society necessitates that the forensic expert account the recognition of limited or entire remains of the individual to the best of their proficiency. Computed Tomography scans, nowadays being common in hospitals, provide an easy and rapid approach for interpreting and measuring bone architecture prior to elaborate autopsy preparations.
Aims: The present study was undertaken to evaluate metric data from CT images to assess if maxillary sinus can contribute to age and gender prediction.
Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of 80 CT scan images of 44 males and 36 females aged 17-52 years. The parameters measured were the maximum length, width, height and total distance across both the sinuses. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.
Results: The measurements showed statistically significant gender differences. All the values were lower for females and a remarkable side difference was noticed only for males with reference to the sinus width. The dimensions were at peak in the earlier years of life and tend to lessen with the older age for both the gender.
Conclusion: Computed Tomography measurements of maxillary sinuses may be beneficial to support gender and age determination in forensic operations.

Key words: Computed Tomography, Maxillary sinus, Maxillary sinus dimensions

INTRODUCTION
The determination of gender is an important aspect of forensic practice. Anthropological gender assessment can be accomplished by appraisal of various morphological skeletal attributes. Over the past decade, postmortem computerized tomography (CT) scanning has become a competent contrivance in forensic operations. Since CT imagi...

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...iological evidence submitted to the forensic operations. In the inquiry for identification of unrecognized human remains even the most trivial bone fragment contributes to a greater extent. The present study made use of CT scan images of maxillary sinus to assess its dimensions to assess sexual dimorphism and age ranges. The results showed that there are significant parameters in the sinus dimensions which are commensurable to various earlier studies and that can aid in forensic investigations. In the light of our results it is suggested that further researches are imperative with larger samples and population of varied ethnic origin and comprehensive assessment of various other parameters related to the maxillary sinus, in direction of improving accuracy and reliability of using maxillary sinus measurements to support gender and age appraisal in forensic medicine.

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