Throughout this course I will be researching the affects that early experiences have on brain development. My research question will be formatted to ask ‘Does early life experiences affect the development of the brain?’ The research articles that I have selected conform to the idea that experiences impact development and in what ways these experiences can hinder development. Anda, R.F., Felittl, V.J., Bremner, J.D., Walker, J.D., Whitfield, C., & Perry, B.D., (2005). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232061/ Child abuse has been connected to a multiplicity of modifications in the brain structure and function and stress-responsive neurobiological systems. Studies have acknowledged the impact of child abuse on health and emotional security. After a succinct evaluation of the neurobiology of childhood disturbance, researchers utilized the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study in junction with connecting epidemiologic and neurobiological confirmation of the effects of child abuse and trauma. The study integrated 17,337 adult members and evaluated 8 horrible childhood experiences; including maltreatment, witnessing household violence, and serious family dysfunction. They, then, used the score obtained as a gauge of increasing childhood tension and conjectured an association of the score to 18 selected conclusions and to the entire number of these outcomes. Founded upon logistic regression analysis, the threat of every outcome in the affective, somatic, substance abuse, memory, sexual, and aggression-related sphere of influence increased in a graded fashion as the score amplified. The average number of outcomes tripled across t... ... middle of paper ... ...l that they would be creditable. The article supports the aforementioned articles and therefore would contribute to the proposed study. An annotated bibliography includes a synopsis or an assessment of each of the resources that will be utilized. The annotated bibliography is helpful in evaluating the understanding of the literature, as well as signifying an appropriate assessment of the information acquired. The annotated bibliography could also be used, collectively, as a complete understanding of the significant research for a paper. One of the most important rationales behind mentioning sources and accumulating a universal bibliography is so that an individual can prove that they have done some applicable research to back up their dispute and claims. An annotated bibliography offers explicit information about each resource that an individual has used.
There are three types of adverse childhood experiences; abuse (physical, emotional, and sexual), neglect (physical and emotional), and household dysfunction (incarceration, mental illness, parental violence, divorce, and substance abuse) (Felitti et al., 1998 and Anda et al., 2006). The majority of brain development occurs during the first few years of life. Although genetics provide the basic blueprint for the brain, one’s experiences lay the foundation for future interactions, health, learning, and
In this article Thorson is arguing against Mayhew and his argument that a divided government does not impact the amount of significant legislation that is passed and enacted. Thorson argues that Mayhew may be correct in that there is no difference between the number of bills passed, but a divided government does effect the formation of coalitions. Thorson specific argument is that party unity votes that favor the dominant party are more likely to form on final votes of passage during periods of unified government....
Child abuse is a serious issue in today's society. Many people have been victims of child abuse. There are three forms of child abuse: physical, emotional, and sexual. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detremental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. The short-term effects of childhood sexual abuse have been proven valid, but now the question is, do the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse affect middle-aged adults? Many contradicting views arise from the subject of childhood sexual abuse. Researchers and psychologists argue on this issue. Childhood sexual abuse has the potential to damage a child physically, emotionally, and behaviorally for the rest of his or her childhood, and the effects have been connected to lasting into middle-aged adulthood.
First, let’s examine the author’s qualification on the subject. This undoubtedly indicates that the information holds weight and is trustworthy. The scholarly journals, government documents, scientific journals and medical contents written by scholars, professionals and experts in their field with...
...sical and mental health consequences of childhood physical abuse: Results from a large population-based sample of men and women. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3031095/
For my paper, research will be on-going. For that reason, throughout the research and writing process, I will keep track of my sources, a brief annotated bibliography. In fact, the essential purpose of the bibliography is to briefly describe the importance of my sources, specifically its relevance to my topic. To conclude, research will consist of looking for relevant scholarly sources and
Learn about mental and emotional health of the adult that experienced abuse in early youth. The author provides detail of the correlation between child abuse and risky behavior from adolescent to adulthood. In conclusion, child abuse and neglect are associated with long term stress, behavioral, and mental
We are able to use our annotated bibliography to reference and track all the sources. For instance, in the summary helps us to recall why it was selected and its relevance.
Childhood trauma has a significant impact on the life of a child. It affects the child’s overall functioning and development, including emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and social elements. (Perry, Pollard, Blaicley, Baker, & Vigilante, 1995). An overwhelming number of children experience some type of trauma in developmentally critical years which, as previously mentioned, has a major impact on the various aspects of their functioning- specifically their development. Trauma can present itself in a multitude of forms. It may occur that the child lives or lived in a state of poverty or that he suffered a significant injury or the loss of a parent or caregiver. A disheartening number of children experience neglect or abuse in its various forms;
If a child was frequently abused, their brain would continuously be in high stress alert. According to The Healing Center- On Line, studies on the physiological effects of trauma have found profound and substantial effects within multiple interconnected neurobiological systems.... ... middle of paper ...
... how the citations support the assertions made. The researcher must also be aware of the research and literature that is available in the field that will be researched (Best Practices for Concept Paper Development, 2010). The researchers must first be aware of what is known in order to find out what is unknown.
Childhood abuse, whether sexual, physical, and/or emotional, can have an immediate, intense, and long-term effect on not only a child’s development, but also an individual’s course of life in general. From infancy, abused children are more withdrawn and emotionally disengaged than most people, exhibiting less social interaction, prosocial behavior, and affective attachment (Mueller & Silverman, 1989; Solomon & George, 1999). These effects can be observed through high rates of substance abuse (alcohol and drugs), psychiatric disorders, and even through severe interpersonal relationship difficulties.
Discussing specific causes of child abuse is difficult as the definition of child maltreatment is interpreted differently by various agencies and socially accepted cultural norms. Child maltreatment can happen at every level growth with varying levels of consequence as time goes on. Certain risk factors may indicate a higher likely hood of aggression or violence that may get perpetuated onto future generations, while protective factors may mitigate or reduce the amount of future maltreat against children. The long term effects of maltreated children go beyond only physical violence and its perpetuation, but also the psychological consequences of abuse like depression or anxiety in adults. Authors Denise Hines, Kathleen Malley-Morrison, and Leila Dutton (2013) explain the complexities of understanding how physical maltreatment can affect children and how agencies such as the Child Protection Agency are stretched too thin to combat child abuse effectively.
However, as every research work is expected to add to the existing knowledge, this study serve as a referencing material to students and other researchers who will be carrying out research on related studies.
...esenting high quality primary research and using it to support the data and describe problems, solutions, and methods. The section provided the material to analyze and categorize the data. It was well written, thorough, and extremely helpful.