Kahnke 1
Jonathan Kahnke
English 200
Professor Philion
November 8th 2016
Annotated Bibliography
“Doctors Urge Mixed Martial Arts Ban.” The Globe and Mail, Niagara Falls, Ont. and Vancouver — The Globe and Mail, 23 Aug. 2012
The article states that mixed martial arts and cage fighting should be banned because it is a barbaric spectacle. Doctors believe that it poses a catastrophic risk to brain health. The argument is that this type of activity and sport has no place in our modern civilized society. It was stated that about 50 percent of fights end in a knockout or a technical knockout where an opponent falls down. Doctors pointed to cases of death in the ring and how the sport could have severe long term consequences for the fighters.
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The goal is to knock the opponent out by any mean possible. Fatal neurological damage is a real possibility from these kinds of combat sports. A man names Joao Carvalho died of a brain injury soon after competing in an amateur cage fighting match. He is not the first fighter to lose his life competing in these kinds of events
Rick Sarre Professor of Law, University of South Australia. “Why Boxing and Cage Fighting Should Be Banned – but Won't Be.” The Conversation, 26 Mar. 2015, theconversation.com/why-boxing-and-cage-fighting-should-be-banned-but-wont- be-38901. Boxers face brain related injuries every time they step inside the ring. They've tried to fix this by creating shorter bouts and rounds and adding strict weight classes. Professional headgear is also now mandatory for all competitions and gyms at the amateur level. All of this controversy was sprung of by the death of a Queensland professional boxer by the name of Braydon Smith. Opponents of the bans point to other sports that also have huge risks of injury.
“Seven Reasons Why Your Child Should Practice Martial Arts.” Breaking Muscle,
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Many will argue that the sport encourages physical fitness, work ethic and determination. He sports history has not been without its controversy. Modern boxing was created in the U.K. And USA in the 19th and 20th century's. One controversy of the sport is that the goal of it is to knock the opponent out and nothing else.
Tomyton. “Is Violent Sport like MMA Ethical?” Intellectually and Physically Challenge Yourself,15 Dec. 2013, tomyton.wordpress.com/2013/12/16/is-violent-sport-like-mma- ethical/.
The argument from this article is that is unethical because of how the fighters are supposedly portrayed as gladiators. In the 90's the sport got a weary eye from politicians and worry from the public with its titles such as "no holds barred". Just these words got people wanting to ban the sport because of how violent it sounded. Even John Mccaine weighted in in the subject of MMA as a supporter. Because of heavy criticism from the public the sport was forced to write new rules and ethics. Fighter were no longer allowed to bad mouth to an extent on tv.
“Why Combat Sports Is Good For Children.” Art Site, 19 Jan. 2016, www.artsite.tv/why-combat-
Boxing is combat with very little protection and it insures lots of injury. Having a career as a boxer one thing is guaranteed suffering countless injuries and possibly undergoing some very fatal blows to the head. In the article it says that boxers still box because people still go to boxing matches to watch boxers go at it all out till time is called. The article also mentions that boxer had a twenty percent chance of dementia. Boxers knowingly put their life in hazard for the amusement of other people.
As long as there have been sports, there has been violence in them. Ice hockey, particularly due to its increasing popularity as a professional sport, has brought up several ethical issues regarding the act of fighting in hockey. There are strong arguments for both sides of this present problem in the world of hockey. Numerous male athletes, including children as young as nine years of age, have suffered injuries as an outcome of fighting and it should be considered if it should be part of a sport that very young people grow up with (Brust, Leonard, Pheley & Roberts, 1992).On the other hand, fights create excitement and the sport of hockey might grow in terms of popularity, making the problem of fighting in hockey complex and difficult to resolve (“Towards An Explanation Of Hockey Violence: A Reference Other Approach”). Even though hockey is known to be a very aggressive and fast-paced sport, the unsportsman-like action of fighting in hockey cannot longer be tolerated.
With that being said, we begin to notice the comparison between both dogfighting and football. This was shown by using a system called “HITS, in which six sensors are placed inside the helmet of every player on the field, measuring the force and location of every blow he receives to the head” (Gladwell 56). The HITS system helped to conclude that practice can be just as dangerous as the games. With this being said, football is an overall reckless style of play that can continually cause brain injury. Not just football but both of these high intensity sports are viewed as damaging to one 's body both physically and mentally. Because of this, if people consider dogfighting to be unjust, illegal, and abusive then they should believe football to have the same damaging effects. Unfortunately, there is such a high demand for football, because of all the money it brings. Because of this, scientist and doctors will ignore the realistic facts and continue to allow people to participate in this
The competitive nature of professional boxing plays an integral role in the longevity of the sport throughout earlier civilization to the modern-day era. The pivotal key in the success of boxing is the unpredictability of what each match entails, which often triggers excitement to highly devoted fans. Nonetheless, there are serious hazards associated with professional boxing (e.g., brain atrophy, and neurological and cognitive impairments). As a matter of fact, most fatalities in the ring are usually due to brain injuries such as brain hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, and brain contusions (Ryan, 1998). In hopes to witness a huge decline in head-injuries, several medical societies have consistently urged the banning of this sport. In this analysis, I will 1) examine the potential dangers of professional boxing; 2) explore the etiology, and the prevalence of CTE in professional boxers and lastly, 3) conduct a comprehensive analysis of two opposing views regarding professional boxing (i.e., to ban, or not to ban?);
Boxing was earlier known by the name Pugilism ,meaning “sweet Science”(The Editors Of Encyclopedia Britannica).Historical evidence lead to the fact that boxing was prevalent in North Africa in four thousand B.C, it was also popular in Greek and Rome(HOB).Now Back to MMA, the fastest growing sports organization in the world ,the Ultimate Fighting Championship(UFC),started in 1993 as a professional mixed martial arts(MMA) organization(UFC). UFC matches take place inside the Octagon ,an eight-sided structure comprised of metal chain link fence(Britannica). The fence is six feet high and allows for 30 feet of space from point to point of the Octagon(Britannica). For a fight recap if a kickboxer was matched with a brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner, the kickboxer would realize that he must become more adept at defending takedowns ,thus prompting him to train with a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner(UFC). From that point forward ,competitions were no longer between athletes who focused on a singular martial art ,but between to an athlete with two are or more
In conclusion, both books take a differing view to bullfighting. However, in the end, they both tend to agree with Barthes that this is not really a sport. However, the view of this paper may be biased by the cultural values of contemporary times and the declining aesthetic value of violence.
When we talk about violence in athletics, we are referring to any form of physical act that is committed by or against the athletes at the time of athletic events. These acts go against the regulations of the athletics bodies that govern the sport. Such acts of violence in athletics involve both deliberate schemes to injure fellow athletes and actual harm or threats directed towards the athletes by the spectators. The act of engaging in violence by some athletes is an attempt to intimidate or injure the opponents. A number of players and coaches have for a number of years been accused of such plots as a way of trying to outdo their opponents. Many of such cases have been welcomed by strict legal measures such as bans from participating in a future sporting activities.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a syndrome of emotional lability, Parkinsonism, ataxia, and cognitive impairment suffered by athletes who undergo repetitive concussive and subconcussive blows to the head (Cantu 2007). Owing to its initial discovery in boxers, CTE has been various known as "punch drunk," "dementia pugilistica," and "psychopathic deterioration of pugilist." This paper will take a step into the science behind this disease. Starting with the first descriptions in the medical literature and covering the progress made in understanding the clinical presentation, epidemiology, neuropathology, and genetics of the disease.
Brain injuries and boxing goes hand in hand. It has been a variety of incidents in the sport of boxing to cause a person to have severe head trauma. There are many different head injuries a person can have and they all have different symptoms. The main head injuries that most boxers have are Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), Dementia pugilistic, and concussions. As they continued to research this, they have found that these head injuries can cause a long-term side effect on a person’s life. Now many people are trying to find ways to prevent these injuries from happening since people’s lives are at stake. A variety of people think that they should become more defensive boxers, but many fear that a lot of their fans would turn on them and
A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury that is caused by a blow to the head or body, a fall, or another injury that jars or shakes the brain inside the skull. Injuries are common in most sports, but football and boxing have the deadliest injuries of them all, severe head trauma. In 2011, there were 120 cases of sport-related deaths of young athletes and over 65% of those cases were due to concussions, according to Southwest Athletic Trainers’ Association. Concussions lead to many different problems: confusion, anxiety, suicide, heightened risk of violence, the list goes on and on. Football isn’t the only sport that suffers from traumatic brain injuries, boxing is also one of the highest casualty rates in all of the sports. Would football still be football if there wasn’t such a thing as a concussion? Everyone in America has different views on how this issue should be addressed or situated. “Who Killed Benny Paret?” (Patterns, 13th ed. 337), “What Price Football?” (Patterns, 13th ed. 605), and “Would Football without
From minor setbacks like broken hands and noses to severe injuries like concussions. For nearly a century, many boxers suffer from head injuries due to prolong fighting careers. Even with the introductions of boxing gloves and reducing to 12 round matches, head injuries are still common even though the number of boxers having them have been dropping. Recently, many boxers would retire at a young age to reduce such life-long injuries such as concussions, Parkinson’s disease, and recently Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). According to the 2007 British Medical Journal “Boxing and the Risk of Chronic Brain Injury” by Paul McCrory, he states that “these injuries are unlikely to be seen in boxers today because of their relatively short careers.
to all that is barbarous in man”(11). In conclusion, a ban on boxing is not only illogical, but impossible! In my mind. if you want to minimize the number of actual life-long injuries related to. sports, you would be better off coming up with elaborated rules for motor.
Should the fear of brain trauma, change the rules of sports for good? Athletes have been susceptible for brain injuries since contact sports were invented. Although some are familiar with this, many people are unaware of the long term ramifications that often come with these types of injuries. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, (ALS) is a disease that is slowly plaguing our nation, starting with athletes. It is one of the fatal repercussions of repetitive head trauma, that is often overlooked. CTE, also known as Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy is also a disease caused by head trauma that can drastically impact one’s life. CTE’s have a subset of different associated diseases such as Alzheimer's, Dementia, Parkinsons, and Huntingtons disease.
For those who do not know, I am a mixed martial arts fighter. Mixed martial arts fighting is “a sport allowing a wide range of fighting techniques that include striking, kicking, and grappling.” (www.merriam-webster.com) It is a compilation of forms of different martial arts. Two fighters will face each in the rings (known as the octagon due to its shape) for three to five five-minute rounds. I started taking martial arts classes when I was six years old. I wanted to be a mixed martial arts fighter all my life. I loved the thought of stepping into the octagon and pounding somebody senseless as a sport. My mother and father, at first, did not want me to take the Taekwondo classes because of this fact. It took a lot of begging to finally convince them to let me do it. They realized that it is very important for any child to learn some type of martial arts. It is essential to use for defense. Mixed martial arts are the thing that helped me cope with my rough childhood and mold me into who I am today. Over the past twenty years, the sport of MMA has revolutionized and has become very popular throughout the world. Despite this being said, other people very hesitant about accepting mixed martial arts. The sport of MMA is gradually becoming a safer sport. Even though it is considered a dangerous sport, other sports at proven to be more dangerous.
There are many theories to why there is so much violence in sports today and one of them is because the athletes today are able to get away with more when they are young. An example would be if a high profile high school athlete who had a scholarship to a big time school were to get in trouble maybe it would be hidden a lot more. Where as if another non-athlete had done the same thing there would be more of a price to pay. So from an early age these athletes learn that they are more important then other students or people. When they get to the college or pro level and someone tells them what to do they don't know how to handle it in the correct manor. Many professional athletes have been looked upon as a problem before they become pro because of certain violence problems they have had in the past. And in many cases it has hurt player in where they are drafted and the money that they make.