Annotated Bibliography Essay
analytical Essay
1351 words
LQB183 Assessment Item 2
Annotated Bibliography
Written by Joseph Smith
Research Question
Is Infleximab effective in treating the symptoms of Crohn’s disease?
Task words: annotated bibliography; effective in treating
Topic words: symptoms
Limiting words: Infleximab, Crohn’s disease
1 Brief Article
Seung Lee, J. et al. (2010) Efficacy of early treatment with infliximab in paediatric Crohn’s disease.
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 1776-1781 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i14.1776
Throughout this brief article Seung Lee et al. delves into the effectiveness of early infliximab usage with maintenance and induction therapy in Crohn’s disease. Essentially the study is directed at improving Infliximab which is carried out through numerous control measures contrasting its affects with Melamine, Azathiorpine and Prednisolone. A small group of patients were subdivide into 3 groups of A, B and C and were subject to orally ingesting the medications previously stated. By monitoring the activity index score over a 12 month and 24 month observation period, the relapse rate would ultimately determine the efficacy of the medication. Seung Lee et al. provides general statistics that highlight the usefulness of this article by showing the links between the medications and their strengths and weaknesses in relation to age, time period and health related considerations. Although the study showed promising results, the article states that more experiments cannot be absolutely conclusive as the there was a selection bias with a very small test group. The ‘top-down’ approach the study utilises is also not considered as a widely accepted method by medical professionals since it is still a new practice. Additionally, the experiment is also limited by a 2 y...
... middle of paper ...
... A minimum of 3 induction doses was a requirement. Patients who experienced a decreased response from infliximab were subject to dosage escalation (5mg/kg to 10mg/kg). Any evidence of symptoms worsening or related inflammation would lead to this procedure. One limitation is that the report indicates the statistical data could be improved if the sample size had been more varied in terms of patient medical history and number of patients observed. Chaparro suggests that it is a safe and effective measure to increase dosage of infliximab but the effects are short term only and response from patients is lost after a 12 month follow up. This article can be used to demonstrate further understanding and background into how the medication is being used. This article would be good to use as at it directly pertains to infliximabs efficiency and helps build upon the topic.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the efficacy of early treatment with infliximab in paediatric crohn's disease.
- Explains that seung lee et al. delves into the effectiveness of early infliximab usage with maintenance and induction therapy in crohn's disease.
- Concludes that they would consider using this article as a starting point for their research, but would need additional articles to further back the statements made in this study.
- Explains the efficacy of early treatment with infliximab in paediatric crohn's disease.
- Explains that seung lee et al. delves into the effectiveness of early infliximab usage with maintenance and induction therapy in crohn's disease.
- Concludes that they would consider using this article as a starting point for their research, but would need additional articles to further back the statements made in this study.
- Explains the efficacy of infliximab in preventing recurrence after surgery for crohn’s disease.
- Analyzes how yamamoto's study provides an in-depth perspective on the effectiveness of infliximab in relation to other key medications.
- Explains steinwurz, f. et al. (2012) infliximab-induced psoriasis during therapy for crohn’s disease.
- Explains that t et al. reports on two patient cases that investigate the possible reasons for psoriasis in relation to crohn's disease therapy, steinwurz.
- Evaluates the efficacy and safety of infliximab therapy in crohn's disease.
- Explains that chaparro et al, provides a detailed perspective on the intenstifiation of infliximab and how it can be safely used.
- Explains that the study focuses on infliximab, azathioprine and combination therapy due to its unexplored effect on crohn's disease.
- Opines that the systematic literature review by denadai et al describes the psoriatic lesions as ‘paradoxical’ and explains his findings through an in-depth analysis.
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- Explains that irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a gastrointestinal syndrome characterized by chronic pain and irregular bowl movement with the absence of organ cause.
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- Discusses the impact of the resources boom on the population and labour market in western australia.
- Concludes that the conclusion of the article is too general, but overall the sentence structure is effective and easy to understand.
- Explains that brueckner et al explore the effect of mining industries toward environmental, economic and social problem in australia. they use data from academic literature, government sources, and community based-research.
486 wordsRead More - Ustekinumab Case Studyexplanatory essayNew emerging therapy has been introduced for CD especially biologic agents, which is commonly reserved for moderate to severe Crohn’s.1 Most of the biologic agents used in the treatment of CD belongs to the family of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) antagonist.17 This has made it complicated for doctors who are treating patients that are not responding to the drugs, which belongs to this family group.17 Nonetheless, there has been a huge improvement in the management of these patients with the recent introduction of the new biological agent like ustekinumab, which has a different mechanism of actions (MOA) from TNFα antagonists.18
In this essay, the author
- Explains that biologic agents used in the treatment of cd belong to the family of tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf) antagonists.
- Explains that ustekinumab is a human igg1k monoclonal antibody that binds exclusively to the p40 protein subunit of both il-12 and
- Explains that ustekinumab has its own side effects such as injection site reactions, cold symptoms, headache, tiredness, skin rash, and itching.
- Explains that biologic agents used in the treatment of cd belong to the family of tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf) antagonists.
- Explains that ustekinumab is a human igg1k monoclonal antibody that binds exclusively to the p40 protein subunit of both il-12 and
- Explains that ustekinumab has its own side effects such as injection site reactions, cold symptoms, headache, tiredness, skin rash, and itching.
- Explains that the pbs approved ustekinumab for moderate to severe cd in 2017 after the phase iii trials were published. it was a doubled blind, randomised controlled trial conducted in nearly 23 countries.
- Explains that in the induction trial, patients were divided into two groups; the uniti-1 trial included 741 patients who met the criteria for primary or secondary non-response to tnf antagonist or undesirable side effects.
- Describes im-uniti, where patients were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous maintenance injections of 90 mg of ustekinumab (either every 8 weeks or every 12 weeks) or placebo.
- Compares the rates of response at week 6 among patients receiving iv ustekinumab at a dose of either 130 mg or approximately 6 mg per kilogram.
- Explains that patients receiving maintenance doses of ustekinumab every 8 weeks or every 12 weeks were in remission at week 44, compared with 35.9% of those receiving placebo.
- Explains that ustekinumab was pbs-listed for the treatment of severe chronic plaque psoriasis and severe arthritis. it was recommended by the pharmaceutical benefits advisory committee based on cost reduction.
- Explains that ustekinumab can be offered to patients with poor prognostic features as early as 13th week after commencing conventional therapy if it is ineffective.
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