Introduction
An ankle fracture is a break in one or more of the three bones that make up the ankle joint. The ankle joint is made up by the lower (distal) sections of your lower leg bones (tibia and fibula) along with a bone in your foot (talus). Depending on how bad the break is and if more than one ankle joint bone is broken, a cast or splint is used to protect and keep your injured bone from moving while it heals. Sometimes, surgery is required to help the fracture heal properly.
There are two general types of ankle fractures:
Stable fracture. This includes a single fracture line through one bone, with no injury to ankle ligaments. A fracture of the talus that does not have any movement of the bone on either side of the fracture line (displacement)
…show more content…
Participate in high-impact sports.
Are involved in a high-impact car accident.
What are the signs or symptoms?
Symptoms of this condition include:
Tender and swollen ankle.
Bruising around the injured ankle.
Pain when moving the ankle.
Trouble walking or putting weight on the ankle.
A cold foot below the site of the ankle injury. This can occur if the blood vessels passing through your injured ankle were also damaged.
Numbness in the foot below the site of the ankle injury.
How is this diagnosed?
An ankle fracture is usually diagnosed with a physical exam and X-rays. A CT scan may also be done.
How is this treated?
Treatment for this condition depends on the type of ankle fracture. Stable fractures are treated with a cast or splint and then crutches to avoid putting weight on the injured ankle. This is followed by an ankle strengthening program. Unstable fractures require surgery to ensure the bones heal properly.
Follow these instructions at home:
If you have a splint:
Wear the splint as told by your health care provider. Remove it only as told by your health care provider.
Loosen the splint if your toes tingle, become numb, or turn cold and
Complete means when a fracture is completely though the bone. A communited fracture is when the broken bone has shattered into numerous smaller pieces. Intertrochanteric is when a fracture is located between the greater trochanter and lesser trochanter of the femur.
A person that over pronates will land with with the inside if their foot. The ankle drawer assessment will help determine the integrity of the ligaments in the ankle. Also the client should get a proper diagnosis for the exact reason why the foot is over pronating.
Researchers have studied how to treat an ankle sprain, but there are not as many that have looked at whether using tape or using a brace is more effective in preventing injury.1, 3 Those who focus on prevention take into account proprioception, patient satisfaction, cost-benefit, and kinematics.2, 3, 4, 5 Evaluating various evidence provided in research, athletic trainers can decide which intervention is best suited for their practice.
Intra articular fractures of calcaneus occurs following eccentric loading of the talus on the calcaneus.(fig 5.1) The severity, type and location of fracture are determined by the position of the foot, the direction and magnitude of applied force and quality of bone 49.
Norvell, J. G. (2013, June 11). Tibia and Fibula Fracture Clinical Presentation. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/826304-clinical
Shin splints can also occur if you have weak and stiff lower leg muscles, so to reduce your risk of developing shin splints, you have to strengthen your lower leg. You can start by strengthening your calf muscles. Stand on your toes then slowly lower your heels to the ground. Feel your calf muscles stretch as your rise up on your toes. Repeat this 10 times.
I learned from this article that pneumatic compression stockings and anti-embolism stockings can also be used instead of ankle exercise. As the article stated, "anti-embolism stockings, pneumatic compression stockings, and anticoagulants will help prevent the deep vein thrombosis” (Pellino, 1994). Moreover, the article also discussed a lot of other helpful interventions to assist the patients with hip fractures, including assessing the patient's skin integrity and applying moisturizing lotions. In sum, this exercise has significantly increased my understanding about taking
Ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries and are especially relevant at all level of sport.1 Of all sports, the incidence of ankle sprain is higher in volleyball considering its non-contact nature.2 The most common ankle sprain occurs on the lateral or outside part of the ankle.3 Reports estimate that ankle sprains account for approximately 24% to 54% of all sport-related injuries and 23,000 persons get them per day in the United States.4
Your physician can analyze hammertoe or mallet toe by inspecting your foot. Your doctor might also take X-rays to further assess the bones and joints of your toes and feet.
If you're an athlete, you may not be able to rest as long as it takes for your injured fascia to heal. However, you should try to work in as many rest periods as possible. You can even switch the way you train by using methods that don't stress your feet, such as swimming and upper body exercises. Put your feet up as much as possible during the day, so your foot has the chance to heal. Plantar fasciitis is pain and inflammation caused by tears to the layer of fascia that runs from your heel to the ball of your foot. Walking, running, and cycling can make the injury worse and interfere with healing. Resting your injured foot is the first step towards recovery.
Osteoporosis is a disease of the bone. The bones become weak and brittle and are prone to fractures. A person with osteoporosis can fracture a bone just by hitting a table or turning while in bed. Most people with osteoporosis keep on getting fractures because the weight of the body cannot be supported by the bone and normal body movements, including walking, will strain the bone. This condition arises when the rate of bone growth cannot keep pace with bone loss. Osteoporosis can affect any bone including the hip, wrist or spine.
A stress fracture may be one of the most provoking injuries a runner can develop. Runners just always want to improve their personal best time and challenge themselves on how far they can run. But runners never pay attention to what they can do to their feet in the long term. This fracture usually occurs after a sudden increase in activity, and result from overuse. As a runner’s distance increases or intensity of the run, adjustment of the muscles may occur rapidly than bones. The human foot has five metatarsal bones. The big toe is labeled number one; the little toe is number five. Metatarsal stress fractures happen typically in numbers two, three, and four bones enduring the greatest shock when the foot strikes the ground. This becomes imbalance and accommodated when the exercise routine is advance gradually. When muscular contractions are rapid in can overcome the re-modeling bony architecture, and the bone cannot take any more stress, the crack occurs and metatarsal stress fracture develops.
These types of injuries do not happen alone typically they go along with a traumatic event such as a car collision, a fall, blunt force, anything that would have greater force than the bone itself causing a breakage. A fracture in the patella is no different, patients who experience such events are like to produce these signs and symptoms such as severe pain in and around the patella, swelling, difficulty extending their leg, deformed appearance of the knee due to fractured pieces, and tenderness. There are many different types of fractures and some have to do with anatomical location such as transverse (horizontally across), apex(at the highest point), and vertical or a complete breakage of the patella called a comminuted fracture. The signs and symptoms however remain the same for all if not most patellar fractures. Perhaps patients whom are experience pain in their knees could potentially be at risk for a type of injury but it is hard to determine without the proper knowledge of the risk
It is estimated that one million people visit a physician for ankle injuries. In sports, 10 to 30 percent of athletes suffer from ankle sprains. Ankle sprains will be further investigated through five topics. The five topics on ankle sprains will be a clear definition with causes, the different types, prevention, treatment, and ankle sprains in sports……………………..
Fibular fractures may be complete or incomplete fractures. Fibula fractures may occur anywhere along the bone. The fracture we are trying to fixate is a complete fracture. Fractures occur when a force is placed on the bone that is greater than it can withstand, and when a fracture does occur in the fibula, it’s usually at the same time as the tibia. When only the fibula fractures, it is usually because of a direct blow to the side of the leg or an extreme sideways bend at the ankle or knee. Some other common causes of fibular fracture include, direct hit from doing contact sports such as hockey or lacrosse, stress fracture; weakening of the bone from repeated stress, or indirect injury, caused by twisting, turning quickly, or violent muscle contraction. Tripping, falling or impact during an accident are also major causes of fibular