Routledge, London 1999. Guyer, Paul (ed. ): The Cambridge Companion to Kant. Cambridge UP 1992. Heidegger, Martin: Kant und das Problem der Metaphysik.
Henry E. Allison (2004). Kant's Transcendental Idealism. Yale University Press. Henry E. Allison (1981). Transcendental Schematism and The Problem of the Synthetic A Priori.
Man has no one telling him what to do, there may be laws but they are man made and because they man made no one has true control over man. Existentialism is a philosophical theory or approach that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining his or her own development through acts of the will. To Sartre, saying that som... ... middle of paper ... ...vious objections. In this paper argued that man creates their own essence through their choices and that our values and choices are important because they allow man to be free and create their own existence. I did this first by explaining Jean-Paul Sartre’s quote, then by thoroughly stating Sartre’s theory, and then by opposing objections raised against Sartre’s theory.
Hegel writes, “is a consciousness [lord] existing for itself which is mediated with itself through another consciousness, i.e through a consciousness [bondsman] whose nature it is to be bound up” (Hegel 115). In this passage, Hegel shows why the lord is dependent on the bondsman. The lord exist only “for itself” through his need and mediation through the bondsman. With the bondsman being bounded as an object of desire to the lord, the bondsman has to submit to his lord due to the physical and monetary power he yields. Although it may seem that the lord is at an advantage of using the bondsman for his own gain through the deterrence of power, Hegel shows how the more to gain.
Of this he says; ‘But yet the soul alone, in the change of bodies, would scarcely to anyone … be enough to make the same man’ (Locke, in set book, p, 277). Establishing, that he believed the soul was an immaterial ‘substance’, although not necessarily what constitutes to a continuing conscious; a radical idea, as the majority believed during this century that the ‘soul’, bequeathed to man by a deity was the continuing awareness that mad... ... middle of paper ... ...ophy, Milton Keynes, The Open University. ‘Personal identity’, audio recording, (2011). ‘The self’, Exploring Philosophy, Milton Keynes, The Open University. Bennet, J.
Trans. Norman Kemp Smith. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1929. Kant, Immanuel. Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals.
Harrison, Ross. Bentham. London: Routledge & Paul, 1983 Hooder, A.L. 1892 “Utilitarianism.”International Journal of Ethics. Vol 3.
He believes it is our instincts that governs our human behavior (Hamilton-Bleakley), and that, “any concession to the instincts, to the unconscious, leads downward” (Twilight of Idols). In other words, Nietzsche’s belief in our instincts governing the decisions we make in life opens up to his idea behind, “his central concept of will to power” (Hatab pg.236). Nietzsche’s will to power is rooted in the statement that, “Man is something that shall be overcome.” Therefore, in Nietzsche’s eyes, man is but a phase, and the overman is the true “meaning of the earth” (Thus Spoke Zarathustra pg.125). Within his notion of the overman, Nietzsche embodies the importance of the individual. In his work Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Nietzsche describes the idea of the overman as that which is a creator (Thus Spoke Zarathustra pg.135).
Book Report on Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals by Kant Kant states (38,) "act as if the maxim of thy action were to become by thy will a universal law of nature". This "categorical imperative" forms the basis of his book, Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals. Though at times his writing is confusing Kant lays out his logic as to what a categorical imperative is. Kant divides the book into three sections. The first explains the transition from everyday moral beliefs to the philosophy of those morals.
To act without reason and to do only as one pleases does not make a person free. Freedom cannot truly exist if we only view freedom as the ability to perform any action without a cause or reason. A person driven solely by their passions and nothing else is not free, and a person who uses reason to follows orders is not a slave. Spinoza describes freedom by writing that we are free only when the causes of our actions are solely based on our decisions, and we are only slaves when the causes of our actions are placed upon us by external forces. In this examination Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise, I will first briefly explain Spinoza’s theory of the law of nature and then explain how it pertains to freedom.