Analysis of an Automobile During and After a Crash

Why are they used? It may seem that by making the body of a vehicle extremely rigid, it would be more resistant in an accident than if it deformed. However, this will cause all the forces present during a crash to be transferred to the occupants of the vehicle, causing many injuries. Crumple zones are built into a vehicle to prevent the force of the impact from being transferred to the occupants in the vehicle by absorbing the energy of the impact before it reaches them. They were designed to take as much force as possible so the occupants as well as the vehicle do not suffer the effects.

Have you ever been driving down the road and approach a turn too fast? What happens? You and the car undergo centrifugal force and you as well as the car are pushed away from the turn, or up the grade also know as a superelevation. An engineer must balance this force raising the grade on one side of the road. It should be noted that under theoretical observations steering would be effortless but in order to provide these ideal conditions the friction factor would be zero and the vehicle weight would balance the centrifugal force¹.

So how do Newton’s laws refer to car safety? Crumple zones- are a structural feature used in automobiles. They help by absorbing the impact; this is by spreading the impact through parts of the car instead of in the one spot. This reflects back onto law number one, two and three. This is shown when the car hits the object it causes the car to slow down or completely stop (1).

Overall, their goal is to create high downforce and minimize drag. Montagne states, “The drivetrain shapes, tire friction, tire pressures, tire heat, racetrack surface irregularity, toe angle, front camber angle, rear alignment, rear toe, and rear camber all affect the aerodynamic efficiency for a race car” (Montagne, Aerodynamics in Race Cars Explained). There are numerous aerodynamic considerations when attempting to engineer a high performance race car. Considering horsepower is another factor taken into account to overcome drag, it is much easier to reduce drag in a race car frame than increasing the horsepower of the engine. Furthermore, a race car creates a high pressure area in front of the car.

In addition, when it comes to accidents, it is important to design the bonnet in such a way that it will reduce the impulsive force experienced by the car during collision and also decrease the severity of injuries caused to unsuspecting pedestrians. Therefore, in order to select an ideal material for the bonnet, certain properties and aspects are scrutinised, such as cost, ductility, resistance to corrosion, strength, and density. 2.2 Important Properties of Prospective Materials One of the most important properties of the material used to make the car bonnet is low density. In other words, the material must be lightweight. With the reduced total weight of the car, fuel efficiency of the vehicle can be improved, thus red... ... middle of paper ... ...souring of raw materials, as well as using cleaner energy sources (PFG n.d.).

The unsafe attributes of single-piece steering columns called for the invention of a safer steering column design, which is why BelaBarenyi designed the collapsible steering column to replace it. The safely enhanced construction of the collapsible steering column, no matter which design is used, absorbs, rather than transfers, frontal impact energy by collapsing or breaking upon impact. In this way, drivers involved in frontal impact collisions are able to avoid the dangers of non-collapsible steering parts. Though the designs for steering columns have varied since their inception, a typical collapsible steering column looks like two interlocking shafts that attach directly to the steering wheel and the

Competition for good things like public health, making the earth safe to live are positive aspects of competition, but global competition can also have a downside concerning the environment. This is true for the production of vehicles, as companies are coming with designs and new models with improved engines, but fuel consumption and the pollution of the air remains the same. In addition to the concerns about car manufacturing and driving, we should also consider the impact of construction areas where new houses are being built, with many truck with loads going across the country. This is an important contribution to pollution, which creates both air and noise pollution. Japan and Europe auto manufacturing based in US has recently involved activities to improve fuel efficiency of their vehicles.

The brakes will not easily wear out from excessive use and the repairs of a brake can be carried out, but the replacement of the clutch will be an extensive process. Replacing a clutch will be a complex procedure and will cost you a significant amount. Hence, it is ideal to use the clutch to slow down the speed of the car. Repairs and replacement of a brake can be easily carried out by the car mechanics and with every car service, the functioning of the brakes is noted. Panic braking is carried out in emergency situations only, which means that the passengers will reach the edge of the seat and your car will come to an instant halt.

The important feature of a hybrid car is when it comes to a dead stop. Until this era, the normal cars where designed in a way in which they gained momentum and energy when they accelerate but when they come to a stop they lose all the momentum and energy. Which makes gasoline powered engine cars less efficient on fuel consumption and more harmful to the environment because now they will produce more harmful gases. This problem has been fixed by the engineers who designed the hybrid cars. When hybrid car comes to a stop it regains its energy which it lost when it was accelerating; this makes the car more efficient then gasoline powered engine car.

The windshield and c... ... middle of paper ... ... large. With a crumple zone much of the kinetic energy is transferred into heat and sound energy resulting in a much smaller force being applied to the car and its passengers. With a better crumple zone comes an increase in the time of collision which results in a large decrease in force. Other safety devices being devised are break away poles, collapsing steering wheel columns, and side airbags. Each of theses new items is being created to improve the safety of passengers by looking carefully at the physics of collisions and using Newton’s three laws of motion.