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Negative impact of colonialism
effects of colonialism
Negative impact of colonialism
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Adam Hochschild's "King Leopold's Ghost" is a lost historical account starting in the late 19th century continuing into the 20th century of the enslavement of an entire country. The book tells the story of King Leopold and his selfish attempt to essentially make Belgium bigger starting with the Congo. This was all done under an elaborate "philanthropic" public relations curtain deceiving many countries along with the United States (the first to sign on in Leopold's claim of the Congo). There were many characters in the book ones that aided in the enslavement of the Congo and others that help bring light to the situation but the most important ones I thought were: King Leopold, a cold calculating, selfish leader, as a child he was crazy about geography and as an adult wasn't satisfied with his small kingdom of Belgium setting his sites on the Congo to expand. Hochschild compares Leopold to a director in a play he even says how brilliant he is in orchestrating the capture of the Congo. Another important character is King Leopold's, as Hochschild puts it, "Stagehand" Henry Morton Stanley. He was a surprisingly cruel person killing many natives of the Congo in his sophomore voyage through the interior of Africa (The first was to find Livingston). Leopold used Stanley to discuss treaties with African leaders granting Leopold control over the Congo. Some of the natives he talked to weren't even in the position to sign the treaties or they didn't know what they were signing. And probably the most influential person in the book, E.D. Morel. Morel, an employee of a Belgian company that handled shipments to the Congo, noticed that the shipments coming to and from the Congo seemed really suspicious. He put two and two together and realized what was happening. Morel was essentially the spring board of as Hochschild describes "The first Human rights campaign of the 20th century." I believe Hochschild tries to show his readers a holocaust that was going on in the African interior, how it was virtually unnoticed by the rest of the world and how easy it was to cover up. Hochschild also does a good job of showing how history somehow conceals the fact that it was going on. The book has many strengths I really enjoyed how he didn't try to portray everyone in the book as perfect including the protagonist some were conceited selfish etc.
The book mainly chronicles the efforts of King Leopold II of Belgium which is to make the Congo into a colonial empire. During the period that the European powers were carving up Africa, King Leopold II of Belgium seized for himself the vast and mostly unexplored territory surrounding the Congo River.
I found it very interesting and educational to learn about the history of Uganda, a country often forgotten by the Western World. Before reading this novel I had no idea about the struggle that Indians and Africans underwent during this countdown. As a result of this novel I also learned more about the issues of systematic racism and the various downsides of class systems. Before this novel I had learned about class systems, such as the caste system in India, but by infusing history with the struggles of a young girl really helped me connect with the themes in a stronger way.
The book “In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts: Close Encounters with Addiction” was published in the year 2008 on the 12th of February by Knopf Canada. The author of this book is Dr. Gabor Mate who has worked for twelve years in the eastside Vancouver with patients suffering from addiction, mental illness and HIV. He is also a renowned speaker and a bestselling author. He also received the Hubert Evans Prize for Literary Non-Fiction and the 2012 Martin Luther King Humanitarian Award for his work. (….)
...Congo was more of a test run for the Portuguese. It was shown that a slave trade market could be more globally set up, despite the effects that it had upon countries and cultures. Eventually, slave trades would grow to a near worldwide scale, such as illustrated in Captain Thomas Phillips, “Buying Slaves in 1693,” where obtaining slaves was a more complex, legitimate process; there would be more stipulations, agreements, and larger quantities coming from different countries that were affected in similar ways as Congo.
Hochschild concludes that the world must never forget the events of Leopold’s Congo. This event is evidence that it is the result of human greed that led to so much suffering, injustice, and corruption.
The land Leopold had obtained was about eighty times larger than that of Belgium itself. Plus, Leopold was proclaimed the “sovereign” ruler of all the Congo Free Sta...
Within the last few years, bodies have been found in bogs all across Ireland and Northern Europe. PBS took us through a documentary, named “The Ghost of the Murdered Kings”, in hopes to find some missing information on these peculiar bodies. Although they weren’t just skeletons, the bodies were preserved due to the highly acidic waters and peat that grows there. Grobbel Man, Old Croghan Man, Clonycavan Man, and several more have been found by everyday farmers. One in particular stood out that was discovered recently, Cashel Man, who seemed to have died over 4000 years ago. The documentary showed many different archeologists finding out solutions as to why this body seems to have gashes in it, while not having much information to go off of. Identifying callus’ on their hands, hair on their head, and determining what they found as their last meal in their stomach, they found that Cashel Man (and one other body) must have been kings that were sacrificed to the gods. This was deemed significant, as they weren’t burned like the other bodies in that time era.
As a political figure, King Leopold of Belgium had minimal power, yet he acknowledged the political and financial advantages of colonization, and acquired the Congo as a private colony whereas Britain snatched up colonies globally, including the “crown jewel” of all colonies, India. Belgium and Britain demonstrated a stark contradiction of two opposing methods of colonization. These two countries methods’ of domination ultimately decided the fates of each party, ...
The most meaningful part of the book for me, was the sit-ins, a form of protest in which demonstrators occupy a place, refusing to leave until their demands are met. The reason the sit-ins were so meaningful is that it really brought attention to how Americans were segregating the African Americas. Just as if you do nothing when a bully, whites, is picking on you, blacks, they will continue picking on you until you fight back. The sit-ins were a nonviolent way to show that they no longer will or have to take the abuse.
While Leopold II, the King of Belgium, desperately wanted an overseas colony, The Belgian people did not share his enthusiasm; which created the feelings of neglect and apathy Belgium had towards Congo. The Congo Free State, established “in the margins of the Berlin Conference” in 1885, allowed Leopold to “gain international recognition of his possession” which he had begun to take control of since the 1870s. However, while Leopold was securing control of the Congo, the Belgian people were not interested in controlling colonies, as they believed that colonies “would merely soak up resources that would be better used for social purposes at home.” Thus, the Belgian people decided to solve the problem of having an unwanted colony by separating the Belgian government from...
Leopold II of Belgium was one of the most evil people in history. I decided to do this paper on him because I did not know much about him. He is behind one of the most deadly genocides in history. During his reign over Belgium he became interested in territory of central Africa. From there, he founded/sole owner of the Congo Free State. During his reign millions of Congolese were tortured and killed while supplying Leopold II with valuable resources. Leopold II was a king that demanded to grow his own wealth. With this ambition, he went on to make an attempt to build his fortune by using central Africa as a centerpiece to grow the wealth he wanted. Leopold II had a strong thirst for making Belgian a colonial power. This thirst came about as he travelled through many parts of the world. During his life he tried to build an image that he was a good and fair king, but he used this image to cover up what was happening in Central Africa.
Between 1885 and 1908, Belgium’s Leopold II ruled Congo, a region in central Africa, as his personal colony, exploiting the resources and inhabitants for his own gain. Leopold allowed and encouraged Europeans and other Westerners to enter Congo and set up companies whose primary purpose was to gather rubber, which was abundant but difficult to get to in the Congo, using the Congolese as the laborers for the Europeans. Rubber gathering in Congo brutally exploited the inhabitants of the Congo, while at the same time robbed Congo of wealth, as the rubber was “sold” to the Europeans at prices far below what the rubber was actually worth. Only when others, specifically the British and the Americans, revealed the horrible conditions of the Congo, did the Belgian government reluctantly take over control of Congo, but the damage was done. Scholars, such as Martin Meredith, state that Leopold II was “An ambitious, greedy, and devious monarch” whose “Principle aim … was to amass as large a fortune for himself as possible.” Meredith also quotes Joseph Conrad, who described the Congo Free State “As ‘the vilest scramble for loot that ever disfigured the history of human conscience.’” Yet, there are some scholars and officials who support Leopold II and the Congo Free State. Upon independence, The Belgian king, Baudouin I, stated that “‘The independence of the Congo constitutes the culmination of the work conceived by the genius of King Leopold II.’” Also, museums in Belgium have presented exhibitions, in the words of Jan-Bart Gewald, “Which unfortunately attempted to qualify, indeed play down, the colonial past in the Congo.” The Congo colonial experience, was harmful to Congo both in the colonial era and in the post-colonial era, becau...
King Leopold II of Belgium’s speech delivered to missionaries traveling to the Congo describes an attempt by the king to justify the subjugation of the Congolese people for the benefit of the Belgian economy. King Leopold directed his speech to the Catholic missionaries who were planning on working with the indigenous population of the Congo in 1883. Leopold, blinded by racism and imperialist greed, stresses that the missionaries should selectively interpret their Bible teachings in a manner that appears to rationalize the oppression and exploitation of the native Congolese population. In doing so, the missionaries helped Leopold achieve his goal of transforming Belgium into an imperialist country with international influence. Leopold’s use of inflammatory diction, allusions to scriptures from the Bible, and repetition of a commanding inflection in his speech convinced his myopic audience to commit terrible atrocities in his name. However, it should be noted that his lack of logical development, which includes inconsistencies in his reasoning, ultimately undermines his already weak arguments that he claims are justification for the subjugation of the Congolese population.
One of the most important people the book impacted was the main narrator. In the beginning of the book, the narrator was depicted as a boy who was forced to work with coal mines and rice crops. For him, nothing existed beyond the world he was then living, which wasn’t a live at all. The narrator and Luo were basically guinea pigs used my Mao to accomplish his own personal goal. (Pg 7) “We were not the first to be used as guinea pigs in this grand human experiment, nor would we be the last.”Towards the end of the story however, the narrator didn’t have this attitude. When the narrator started reading the books, he experienced new emotions and understandings about the outside world that he world never been able to gain otherwise. Ultimately, he learns how to make decisions of his own as an independent individual. When the narrator read one of the books which is by Jean-Christophe; he states “without him I would never have understood the splendor of taking free and independent actions as an individual”. (Pg 110)Although the narrator and Luo were exposed to things such as sex, woman and love through those books as well, those are all part of life and its better to be aware of them then not at all. Overall, the books positively impacted the narrator’s live.
As outrages reports were being conveyed to Europe about the conditions in the Congo after King Léopold II “had been granted proprietorship, [b] aptist ...