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Essay on types of diabetes mellitus
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Children all over are getting sick and on the verge of dying due to the lack of knowledge in America. About one of our many “secret killers” that slide right under our noses. We as a country need to educate ourselves and prove that we are the strong, brave and knowledgeable country we always say we are. We need to ensure that the knowledge we receive is correct and not just jumbled misconceptions we hear from the media or by word of mouth. We, as a country, have the chance to stop an estimation of a 55% increase for 2030 for this “secret killer”, diabetes (IDF). This disease is serious and has nothing mild about it (IDF, JDRF). We must take the steps now America and stop our children and families from going through something like this.
Diabetes is a medical condition when your pancreas, an organ that lies near the stomach that creates a hormone called insulin, doesn’t produce enough insulin or any insulin at all (CDC, Petiti et al.). We use insulin in our digestive system to change our food to sugar and then to energy, which will later be stored and used for the activities you participate in during your day. “Diabetes depends on the severity, BG (blood glucose/ sugar levels), family medical history, and on how a patient got the disease to determine what specific “type” of diabetes you will obtain” (Graf). The types of diabetes range from type 1 (T1D), type 2 (T2D), pre-diabetes, gestational diabetes, steroid diabetes, neonatal diabetes mellitus, and the list goes on and on especially for the rare few that don’t fit under any specific category (Graf).
In America, 8.3% (25.8 million) are affected by diabetes but only 18.8 million people will know about it before it is too late, leaving diabetes in 7th place in the leading top 10 c...
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...isk?” joslin.org. 2014. Web. 2 March, 2014.
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Diabetes is a disease that causes an abnormally high level of sugar, or glucose, to build up in the blood. Glucose comes from food we consume and also from our liver and muscles. Blood delivers glucose to all the cells in the body. In people without diabetes, the pancreas makes a chemical called insulin which is released into the blood stream. Insulin helps the glucose from the food get into cells. When the pancreas doesn’t make insulin, it can’t get into the cells and the insulin stays in the blood stream. The blood glucose level gets very high, causing the person to have type one diabetes.
This would lead to a very slow and painful death. In 1922, four Canadian researchers by the names of Frederick G. Banting, Charles H. Best, John J.R. MacLeod, and James B. Collip had discovered a way to separate insulin in the pancreas of dogs and prepare it in such a way so that it can be used to treat diabetic patients. In the year 2008, there were 1,656,470 people who suffered from diabetes in Canada, and by 2010, it is predicted that this disease will take over the lives of 285 million people. Although there is no cure for diabetes, the treatment of prepared insulin is prolonging the lives of diabetics and allowing them to live freely. The discovery of insulin was important and significant in Canada’s history because Banting was a Canadian medical scientist who had a purpose in finding a treatment for diabetes, its discovery has saved lives and improved the quality of life of those suffering from this disease, and it showed the world Canada’s medical technology was extremely advanced....
The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in is related to the insulin hormone. Insulin is secreted by cells in the pancreas and is responsible for regulating the level of glucose in the bloodstream. It also aids the body in breaking down the glucose to be used as energy. When someone suffers from diabetes, however, the body does not break down the glucose in the blood as a result of abnormal insulin metabolism. When there are elevated levels of glucose in the blood, it is known as hyperglycemia. If the levels continue to remain high over an extended period of time, damage can be done to the kidneys, cardiovascular systems; you can get eye disorders, or even cause nerve damage. When the glucose levels are low in one’s body, it is called hypoglycemia. A person begins to feel very jittery, and possibly dizzy. If that occurs over a period of time, the person can possibly faint. Diabetes mellitus occurs in three different forms - type 1, type 2, and gestational.
According to Clark, M. L., & Utz, S. (2014) diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and
Diabetes is a disease in which a person’s body in unable to make or utilize insulin properly which affects blood sugar levels. Insulin is a hormone that is produced in the pancreas, which helps to regulate glucose (sugar) levels, break down carbohydrates and fats, and is essential to produce the body’s energy. The CDC (2013) offers reliable insight, summarized here, into the different types of diabetes, some causes, and health complications that may arise from the disease.
Jost, Kenneth. “Diabetes Epidemic: why is this serious disease on the increase?” The CQ Researcher (March 9, 2001): 185-200
It is no wonder that billions of dollars are being spent on diabetic research. And you are going to reap the rewards of the newest research that shows you can actually cure your diabetes by learning how to reverse it and cure it with your lifestyle.
Now that we have a general idea of how our body regulates sugar intake we can discuss exactly what diabetes is. It is a disease in which your body is unable to use glucose for energy, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. There are a few different types of diabetes. In some cases, a person’s body does not make insulin at all. Thus, there is no insulin to tell your cells to use the glucose for energy. This is called type 1 diabetes, or it was previously known as juvenile diabetes. Only 5 to 10% of diabetes cases are diagnosed as type 1 (Grosvenor & Smolin, 93). It is usually discovered before a pers...
Thesis: Diabetes type 1 is different from type 2 and if given the wrong treatment it could lead to devastating consequences.
Insulin (originated from insula, a Latin word for island) is the internal secretion of the pancreas formed by the groups of cells called the islets of Langerhans which was discovered by a medical student in 1869 (Allen). This hormone is needed to enable glucose to enter the cells and provide energy. On the path to diabetes curing, in 1889, Oscar Minkowski took a dog’s pancreas out and days later, flies started to fest on its urine. Come to find out, there was sugar in the dog’s urine (Enerson). The discovery of this was amazing. Fast forward a decade or three, in 1922, Frederick Banting and Charles Best made the best discovery using insulin. During this time, preparations of insulin were taken from pigs and cattle (Allen). It was extracted from pancreas tissues crudely. Sadly, the pigs and cattle did not get out of this happy. Now it is made by genetic engineering which is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnology. So no one or nothing is being endangered (Allen). Lucky pigs!
United States. (2011). Type 1 Diabetes Research: Real Progress and Real Hope for a Cure. Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs, United States Senate, of the One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, June 24, 2009. Washington, DC: Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011
Diabetes is a disease that I came across when researching my maternal side of my family history. Diabetes is a disease that affects your pancreas an important organ in regulating blood sugar. When a person has diabetes there are two ways it can affect the pancreas because there are two types of the disease. Type-1 diabetes affects the pancreas by not allowing the body to produce enough insulin to keep the body’s blood sugar at a healthy number. The opposite is for Type-2 which produces too much insulin and gives the body too much insulin keeping the blood sugar number above healthy (Type-2).
"Diagnosis of Diabetes and Pre-diabetes” - National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse." Diabetes.niddk.nih.gov, 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2014.
Zimmet, P., K.G. Alberti, and J. Shaw.2001. Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature 414 (December 13): 782-86
Point blank, diabetes is a serious disease and causes major effects on people’s daily lives. In a society where food comes in such abundance, people are overeating. Compared to the beginning of the twenty first century when only about five percent of the population had diabetes (Nazarko, 2009), today that number is rising and continuing to do so. This is starting to affect the health of children by being diagnosed with diabetes at a young age. When a child has diabetes it becomes very serious since children are at such a young age to deal...