Chicory: Agronomy and Cost Economics
2.1 Package and Practices of Chicory Cultivation
Selection of soil
Chicory cultivation requires sandy or sandy loam soil. Land should be plain and it should have better drainage. Soil pH should be 4.8 - 8.3. Cultural practices for this root crop are the same as those for sugar beet. Soil should be plowed to a depth of 17 to 25 cm to permit root development. It makes soil pulverized which facilitates in better root growth. Sandy loam soils have visible particles of sand mixed into the soil. When sandy loams soils are compressed, they hold their shape but break apart easily. Sandy-loam soils have a high concentration of sand (at least 50%) that gives them a gritty feel. In gardens and lawns, sandy loam soils
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Rexor, Orchis and Bakker B. In India, only Orchis variety is cultivated because of its suitability and high productivity in Indian condition.
Fertilizers
Chicory crop requires application of only DAP and Urea. Some farmers apply MOP also @200kg/Ha at the time of root growth (90-100 day after sowing). At the time of soil preparation FYM is added to the soil. Addition of FYM in soil improves the water holding capacity of soil. Before seed sowing DAP are applied @200 kg/Ha. Two –to three doses of Urea is required during the life time of chicory crop. First dose (200kg/Ha) of Urea is given just after first weeding (30 days after of sowing). Second dose of urea is given 60-70 days after sowing.
Seed rate and sowing methods
There are generally two methods of chicory sowing i.e. Line sowing and Broadcasting method. Seed depth should be 0.3-0.6cm. In India farmers are following broadcasting method because it is very easy and it also reduces cost of sowing.
Broadcasting method: This is very
common practice in India. It requires
more seeds i.e. 1.3 to 1.5 kg/Ha. In this
method seeds are mixed with sand
(same size as seed). The quantity of
sand should be approximately 30-35
time of seed quantity so that you can
take minimum three round of
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Climatic Condition
Chicory is a photosensitive crop and requires specific climatic condition to grow. For proper germination soil temperature ideally should be around 18 to 25⁰C, Frost in winter season, hails, high winds and high rainfall fall do not affect chicory crop. It is free from all these problems.
Harvesting
Life cycle of chicory crop is 165-190 days. The tap root of chicory is harvested as soon as its leaves turn yellowish. Harvesting is done by machines (sugar beet harvester) and manual both. Generally harvesting is done manually but some large farmers use sugar beet harvester to harvest chicory crop. Manual harvesting is by the equipment which is known as “Khurpa”. Generally, watering is done in the crop two day before harvesting to make the soil soft for easy harvesting.
Removal of leaves from Roots
After harvesting of crop, leaves are totally removed from roots by sharp knife in field. These leaves are used a fodder for cattle or left in field for green manuring. According to some farmers, it increases milk production of
...s limited supply to minimise stress. Horses should be kept off the first new shoots after a period of stress such as drought. The NSC concentration can be reduced by waiting until the new grass has two the three leaves per tiller. This allows the sugars that have gathered in the underground storage organs to be utilised for production.
Wisconsin fast plants come from the Cruciferae plant family. They tend to have shorter life cycles. It took years of Dr. Williams breeding these plants to get it right, but now the 6 month life cycle is down to a 5 week life cycle. Wisconsin fast plants, also known as Brasica rapa plants, were bred as research tools. (H. Lauffer, D. Lauffer, Williams)
Obtaining a secure supply of food is one of the most important parts of life. Acquiring food and its preparation is changing with the times, but the age-old art of preparing a healthy diet from natural ingredients is being put to use even today. After harvesting wild vegetables, those which are not eaten right away are dried and stored. It is important to provide an ample supply of food, because the summers are short and the winters are long in Hokkaido. The Ainu have made it a rule not to pick more than necessary, and of what was collected all o...
With the rapid growth of our global population pouring into the next millennium, we will witness an ever-growing hunger rate around the world. That is unless we call for a revolution on the global scale. The Green Revolution which already sprouted in the early part of the century only need to add a bit more momentum and we will see a bright future for the human race, a future without hunger and starvation ¡V hopefully.It is becoming increasingly difficult for the planet to support its overwhelming population. And since the amount of arable land available is becoming scarce, we must seek ways to dramatically improve crop yields of existing cropland.
...ince, there is a need to use for advanced novel methods of culturing plant to furnish new means for quickly propagating,conserving of endangered species and also introducing exotic plants. The production of high quality planting material of exotic nature propagated from vegetative parts through tissue culture has created new opportunities in global trading. The exotic plants are advantageous for farmers;growers; nursery owners & rural employment. As exotic plants are restricted to their natural environment; the main benefit of tissue culture technology lies on production of high quality & uniform planting material that can be multiplied on a year round basis. The plant selected for such purpose is Stevia rabuadiana Bertoni. Objectives of study:
To propose a suitable plough depth for “Misai Kucing” depending on root of the plant and type of soil can be made using available water equation:
Sesame is a short-day plant but also grows well in long-day areas. It thrives best on moderately fertile and well-drained soils (pH ranging from 5.5 to 8.0) and is sensitive to salinity. (Vossen & Mkamilo, 2007) Sesame can be produced both by smallholders and at larger industrial scale. Its production is mainly concentrated in area between northern and southern of equator latitude 45 degree, covering tropical to subtropical regions. The main producers are China, India, Myanmar in Asia, and Sultan, Uganda, Nigeria in Africa and Mexico and Guatemala in South America. Weather condition impact heavily the sesame production regardless of drought or heavy rain. The sesame yield in these countries
There are many popular methods of gardening, two of them are the raised bed approach, and traditional row gardening. A raised bed it is generally where a frame of any shape or size is built and filled with fertilizer of one’s choice, this lifts the garden above ground level. Row cropping is like the typical farmland scene where there are rows of crops in long straight lines and a walking space in between each row. Each means of gardening and raising crops has their advantages, and their disadvantages. After comparing, and looking at the evidence it will be simple to tell which is better to use depending the outcome one wants.
Put half a cup of soil in each of the cups. Pat down to even.
Onion is used throughout the year in the form of salad or condiment or for cooking with other vegetables. Onion has several medicinal uses; its use in the case of sun strokes is known worldwide (Rai N, Yadav D. S, 2005). Pests and diseases continue to impact on the productivity of crops and quality of crop products worldwide despite many years of research and development on improved methods for their control. It has been estimated that an average of 0.20–0.30% of crop yield is lost annually from the field (Oerke E. C,
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Fenugreek seeds (20 g) were soaked overnight in water at the ratio of 1:5 (w/v). The excess water was drained and seeds were germinated (tied in a muslin cloth) at room temperature for 24 h, 36 h and 48 h. The germinated seeds were dried in an oven at 50 °C until the constant weight. The average length of sprouts was 1.1cm,1.7cm and 2.6cm which was germinated
This lesson is designed to review and reinforce a few important concepts about plants (e.g. Needs, parts, sequence of planting) and to also guide the students through applying a few scientific inquiry (e.g. Making observations, experimentation, discussion, reflection, reporting results etc.). The students have previously planted corn and bean seeds and today’s lesson has provided the students a chance to see the results of the planted corn and bean seeds. Additionally, seeds have been planted under and growing under the following conditions: without water, and without soil. The students see the results of these seeds planted under these conditions for the past week. Two plants in particular have already been grown their growth has been
crop. We spread slurry from the sheep shed and cattle shed and fertilisers such as 10-10-20,
Tomatoes, ‘Aubergines’ (Eggplant), Capsicum Peppers, Capsicum ‘Anuum’ (hot pepper) and potatoes are grown in a similar way and belongs to the ‘Solanaceae’ (Nightshade family).