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The philosophy of socrates
Socrates philosophy essay
Socrates philosophy essay
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In Plato’s, “The Allegory of the Cave” he is telling a story about Socrates and a conversation with Glaucon, Plato’s brother. In this story Socrates tells Glaucon of a cave, “Behold! Human beings living in an underground den, which has a mouth open towards the light and reaching all along the den; here they have been from their childhood, and have their legs and necks chained so that they cannot move, and can only see before them, being prevented by the chains from turning round their heads” (Plato). The purpose of the cave which Socrates describes is to show that we as human beings are blind. We don’t expand our knowledge or test our beliefs. We sit with chains around our legs and necks and don’t try to test our boundaries. We are all …show more content…
Many judges and civilians questioned the intentions of Socrates. They believed he was corrupting their youth and making them go against the beliefs they had been taught by the law, their state and their parents. The intent of questioning and cross-examination, which Socrates often did, was not to make people feel inferior but to make them understand the shallowness of their knowledge. Being skilled in one area, Socrates believed, does not make you wise in all tings. You must be willing to explore and desire a deeper understanding of all things. Socrates wanted Meletus to understand that he was not trying to corrupt the youth or make them deny the gods of the state, but rather, “believe in divine and spiritual agencies” that encourage virtue and doing good to all men. Socrates believed that one should not fear death and punishment if they are doing what they believe to be good, and a person cannot make themselves better by accusing, punishing, or killing a person who questions their knowledge and beliefs. They only way to improve ourselves is by taking what our accusers say about us and digging into the meaning of it. By doing this we can search for understanding and try to make ourselves better. As Socrates says, “the life which is unexamined is not worth living.”
Both of these pieces The Allegory of the Cave, from the Book VII of The
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This created a Hellenistic which means Greek-like world. Alexander we must remember was a student of Aristotle; Aristotle being a student of Plato, would have helped spread philosophy into Egypt through his conquests. Alexander marched into Egypt unopposed. In fact, he was welcomed as a liberator (Cole & Symes p.124). Did they embrace Alexander so openly because they wanted to embrace his beliefs? They Egyptians were very involved in what would become of their afterlives. They worked hard to please their gods and wanted to live how they felt they were supposed to as to please Amun-Ra, the Egyptian sun
“In Plato’s Allegory of the Cave” it represents an allegory that signifies real life meaning.Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” is about questioning the fundamental reality of experience.The information In Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave,” is interpreted with real life. I would say the genre of the allegory is nonfiction. It focuses on prisoners who are being held captive. They are being held inside of a cave.The prisoners cave freedom, however hopes being at an all time low due to the fact that the prisoners are bound and chained by the neck. The only thing to observe, a wall with shadows coming in from the fire light that blazes before them.The fire that blazed inside the cave would display shadows of other people walking throughout the cave holding
A good example of Plato’s divided line is represented in the Cave Allegory, which is one of the core messages of his philosophical works. Plato used a line as an illusion to divide human knowledge into four levels, which differ in degree and clarity. Taking a line and dividing the line into two sections not equal in length; the upper level equates to knowledge, this is the realm of intellect. On the lower section of the line equates to opinion and is the world of sensory knowledge. Then cut these lines into two sections, this produces four line segments. This visual gives us four cognitive states of thinking. These states of thinking are as follows: Noesis, Dianoia, Pistis, and Eikasia.
Plato’s allegory of the cave is closely connected with the study of forms as postulated by Socrates. People have entry to the domain of forms through the psyche, through reason, given Plato's hypothesis of the subdivisions of the human soul. This provides for them get to a perpetual world, resistant to the agonies and progressions of the material world. By segregating ourselves from the material world and our figures and creating our capability to fret about the forms, we discover a quality which is not open to change or breaking down. This understands the initially, moral, issue. Part presence up into two domains likewise takes care of the issue of perpetual quality and change. We recognize an alternate world, with diverse articles, through our psyche than we do through the faculties. It is the material world, recognized through the faculties, that is evolving. It is the domain of forms, recognized through the brain, which is perpetual and unchanging. It is this world that is all the more true; the universe of progress is just a flawed picture of this world.
In his examination of Meletus, Socrates makes three main points: 1) Meletus has accused Socrates of being the only corrupter, while everyone else improves the youth. Socrates then uses an analogy: a horse trainer is to horses as an improver is to the youth. The point is that there is only one improver, not many. 2) If Socrates corrupts the youth, either it is intentional or unintentional. No one would corrupt his neighbor intentionally, because he would harm himself in the process. If the corruption was unintentional, then the court is not the place to resolve the problem. The other possibility is that he does not corrupt them at all. 3) In frustration, Meletus accuses Socrates of being "a complete atheist," at the same time he claims Socrates teaches new gods. Thus, Meletus contradicts himself. Socrates argues that fear of death is foolish, because it is not known if death is a good or an evil, thus there is no reason to fear death.
In the Allegory of the Cave from Plato’s Republic, Socrates claims that in order to teach reality to individuals, without failure, they have to show them the reality.
Plato’s Allegory of the Cave provides much insight into the philosophical topics of interest around his time. The allegory describes a group of prisoners who were born and raised within a cave and know nothing of the outside world. Their world is limited to the shadows that are formed and seem on the walls of the cave. One day, a prisoner is set free and
The darkness of the cave represents the constraints of society, while the prisoners are meant to be the members of that society. The shadows symbolizes the ideals and morals within the community. The light outside of the cave can be interpreted as enlightenment and freedom from ignorance. When describing what a prisoner will experience when he exits the cave, Plato writes, “...look towards the light, he will suffer sharp pains; the glare will distress him… his eye is turned towards more real existence, he has a clearer vision.” This sentence describes the gradual process of absorbing a new reality. When a person’s entire perspective is being changed, it will be very difficult to take it all in at once. With time, everything becomes clearer, exactly like the change from darkness to brightness. Glaucon himself can be viewed as a symbol of mindless sheep within society. He simply agrees with everything that Socrates says, offering nothing more than agreements to his questions. Glaucon gives no rebuttals or thoughts of his own, only going along with whatever Socrates is saying. However, Glaucon can also be interpreted as simply absorbing everything Socrates is telling him, like master and
Plato's Allegory of the Cave is meant to represent knowledge we wish to seek. In order to obtain true knowledge we first need to escape what we think we already know, sense experience. The Cave represents society, the true reality in which we dwell on. The Sunlight when the prisoner is being released represents truth and new knowledge that is being aquired. It helped him see the world clearly for what it really is, instead of being in the darkness of the cave seeing the shadows casted by the fire behind him. The prisoners in the Cave represent common humans in society, who are ignorant and only have knowledge in what they want to know and nothing beyond that. The shadows represent what we perceive. We accept appearance for reality. For example
We live a blind life, we do not search for true meaning of life or to find our own realities, instead we go day by day blind, seeing only what is put in front of us and not questioning it. We need to leave the cave, find our own sun, our own perception of reality. Plato’s Allegory will be explained as I see it, a film that relates to Plato’s Cave Allegory and finally a summary on my findings.
Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” is an emblematic explanation of his eidos, and where we are introduced to his epistemology and he makes the distinctions between metaphysics and ideologies. The common interpretation of Plato’s allegory is that we all undergo the illusion of the shadows on the cave wall and that true reality only exists outside of the cave and beyond our ability to conceptualize its existence, unless one can free their mind from the intrinsic perceptual confines of their own mind. The insight that Plato conveys through his allegory is quite profound and while unfortunate, I have come to believe is applicable to nearly all humans; though a fraction of humanity eventually is able to break free. The epiphany of having lived comparably
The word allegory is a noun in which it means, " a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one." Keeping this in mind the story “The Allegory of the Cave” written by Plato over twenty-five hundred years ago tells a mini story about a group of men that were chained up in a cave since birth with no knowledge of the outside world. They sit in a row next to each other facing a blank wall mostly in the darkness. Even though there is a fire above and behind them, there is only a dim light that casts into the cave. The fire can be seen through a window, however, the men are unaware the "fire" and of their own shadows due to a long wall in front of the fire. As the men sit in that same spot not able to turn their necks because of the wooden blank holding
Allegory of the Cave is a story written and presented by Greek Philosopher Plato in his work, Republic. It is written as a dialogue between Plato’s brother Glaucon and his mentor Socrates, narrated by the latter. Allegory of the Cave, Socrates says that the people live under the earth in a cavelike dwelling. Meaning that instead of them actually living on the earth, they have no connection to the outside world or reality, so instead it seems like they are living under the earth because they are so unaware of the world they live in. The theme of Allegory of the Cave is present through different elements by Plato and the theme is, Enlighten yourself so you don’t continue to slip into living in cave mentality because there is more to life that
Plato's Allegory of the Cave, presents Socrates instructing one of his students to imagine that there was a cave that was totally dark, except from the light that comes from the entrance and from a fire. The student was instructed then to imagine that the inhabitants of the cave have their necks and legs chained to the wall, impossible for the inhabitants to move. The people who control the cave place objects in front of the fire so that the inhabitants of the cave only see the shadows of the objects that the people want them to see. The chained inhabitants never get to see the real objects, only the distorted images of the objects. Furthermore, the inhabitants of the cave perceive the distorted objects as real, not the actual objects as being real. Socrates, then tells the student to imagine if the inhabitants of the cave were suddenly freed of the chains. The inhabitants would be in agonizing pain, for the first time in their lives the individuals can stand and move their heads. Their bodies are not used to being in such positions. The inhabitants of the cave, now are able to behold the light glimmering outside the cave. The inhabitants who were only adapted to only darkness, perceive light. The light stabs at their eyes, it is too painful for these individ...
The circumstances that are described by Plato have a metaphorical meaning to them. The allegory attacks individuals who rely solely upon; or in other words are slaves to their senses. The shackles and chains that bind the prisoners are in fact their senses .In Plato’s theory, the cave itself represents the individuals whom believe that knowledge derives from what we can hear and see in the world around us; in other words, empirical knowledge. The cave attempts to show that believers of empirical knowledge are essentially ...
Plato, a student of Socrates, in his book “The Republic” wrote an allegory known as “Plato's Cave”. In Plato's allegory humans are trapped within a dark cave where they can only catch glimpses of the world above through shadows on the wall.2 Plato is describing how the typical human is. They have little knowledge and what they think they know has very little basis in fact. He describes these people as prisoners, in his allegory, and they are only free when they gain knowledge of the world above the cave.