Analysis and Fabrication of Four Wheel Steering Mechanism using Ackerman Condition
Abstract: The main objective of this research is to analyse and fabricate the four wheels symmetric steering mechanism (4WM) to decrease the turning radius of the vehicle. The system being analysed here is a mechanical linkage between the rear and the front axle with rack and pinion mechanism at both the ends. This mechanical system is studied by kinematic analysis of the steering system by Ackerman condition and the turning radius is calculated for a vehicle with and without this four wheel symmetric steering mechanism. These measurements are compared to know the effect of the system on the vehicle in terms of the turning radius at the shortest roads in congested areas.
Key Words: 4-wheel steering system, Lane Changes, Gentle Curves, Junctions, Narrow Roads, U-Turns, Parallel Parking, tyres.
INTRODUCTION:
Four-wheel steering (or all-wheel steering) is a system employed by some vehicles to improve steering response, increase vehicle stability while maneuvering at high speed, or to decrease turning radius at low speed [1]. In an active four-wheel steering system,
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This system is employed to improve steering response, increase vehicle stability while maneuvering at high speed, or to decrease turning radius at low speed. The concept is simple. Rather than controlling a car solely by the angle at which the front tires meet the road the method used by wheeled vehicles the horse-drawn carriage, four-wheel steering turns the wheels simultaneously at both ends of the car. The idea is intuitively appealing to any city driver who has ever pulled up to a too-short parking space and wished he could point all four tires toward the curb and crab right in. Not so easy. For starters, the rear wheels of a four-wheel-steer car do not always turn in tandem with the front wheels
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