ABSTRACT
This paper discusses the optimization of turning process parameters of AISI 304L stainless steel using carbide tools of CVD cemented coating. In the experiment, parameters such as speed, feed, depth of cut and nose radius are used to identify their effect on the surface roughness (Ra) of the work piece. This experiment is conducted by using full factorial design in the Design of Experiments (DOE) on Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) lathe. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to analyze the effect of process parameters and their interaction during machining process. From the results, it is observed that the feed is the most significant factor that influences the surface roughness. The prediction model for surface roughness is
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This type of stainless steel comes under the 300 series type of steel which is popular in Asian continent. These are non-magnetic, austenitic and hence it is difficult to identify with respect to 200 series of steel. The 300 series are much acceptable family of stainless steel worldwide, but it also has some limitations [5]. The chemical composition for AISI 304L is given in Table-1.
Table-1. Chemical composition (wt %) of AISI304L.
Cr
(%) Ni
(%) Mn
(%) N
(%)
16.0 5.0 6.5 0.35
2.2 Cutting inserts and cutting conditions
Since coated carbide tools are better than uncoated carbide tools hence CVD process is used Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of Ti (C, N) +Al2O3 coated cemented carbide inserts of 0.7 and 0.3mm as nose radius are used. The process parameters and levels used in the experiment, experimental set up and conditions are given in the Tables 2 and 3.
Table-2. Experimental set up and conditions.
Machine Tool ACE Designer LT-16XL CNC lathe, 7.5 kW (10 hp) and 4000 rpm, India. Work specimen
Material AISI 304L stainless steel
Size Φ35 mm x 80mm
Cutting inserts CNMG 120408, CNMG 120404 (SECO make)
Tool material CVD coated cemented carbide (TP-2500).
Two holders PCLNL 252570012
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