An Interpretation of the Greg Family as Employers The Gregs had a genuine concern for the welfare and well being at Styal Mill. Several of the visual, documentary and oral sources support this view very strongly, and show us that because of this concern for the well being of their apprentices, the Gregs went out of their way to give them the best possible life at the mill. As Source A indicates, there were a variety of different reasons to why Samuel Greg relied heavily on apprentice labour. As well as being 'physically suited for the work', there were many of them available during the time, which was a particular advantage to Styal when local labour became short. As Source A also states, many of the children employed at Styal, had previously been under the responsibility of the parishes. In comparison to the parishes, life at Styal Mill was of a much higher status. In fact, the Styal apprentices appear to have lived better than many of their contemporaries. In towns in particular many apprentices lived and worked in appalling conditions. Styal offered many substantial benefits over towns. According to Samuel Greg's son, the best way to recruit and keep loyal and reliable workers was' fair wages; comfortable houses; gardens for their vegetables and flowers; schools and other means of improvement for children; sundry little accommodations and conveniences in the mill, and interest in their general welfare.' Other members of the family appear to have shared his views. As we can gather from studying Source B, education was provided at Styal Mill. In the mid 18th century, schools were only provided for privileged children. Mill ... ... middle of paper ... ...was also formed in the 1830's. As Source I also indicates, Styal Mill was a clean and safe environment, and overall it seems more likely that Samuel Greg had a genuine concern for his apprentices, than for his overall earnings as a mill owner, despite there being several possibilities that say otherwise. Most of the negative sides to his treatment of the apprentices were supposition, and therefore can be discounted as evidence against Greg. In conclusion, I think the work Greg did for the apprentices at Styal, overweighs these minor factors, such as the education provided, the good healthcare, the houses provided, the chapel and the shop, which were built for the apprentices. So despite any ulterior motives he had for treating his apprentices so well, it is proven that they did lead good lives for young mill workers.
For the first time in history children were an important factor of the economic system, but at a terrible price. The master of the factories employed children for two reasons. One, because of their small body which can get inside the machines to clean it and use their nimble fingers. Second, the masters use to pay low wages to the children who could be easily manipulated. The average age for the parents to send their children to work was ten. Although, Conventional wisdom dictates that the age at which children started work was connected to the poverty of the family. Griffith presents two autobiographies to put across her point. Autobiography of Edward Davis who lacked even the basic necessities of life because of his father’s heavy drinking habit and was forced to join work at a small age of six, whereas the memoir of Richard Boswell tells the opposite. He was raised up in an affluent family who studied in a boarding school. He was taken out of school at the age of thirteen to become a draper’s apprentice. The author goes further and places child employees into three groups, according to the kind of jobs that were available in their neighbourhood. First group composed of children living in rural areas with no domestic industry to work in. Therefore, the average of a child to work in rural area was ten. Before that, farmers use to assign small jobs to the children such as scaring birds, keeping sheep
With the gradual advancements of society in the 1800’s came new conflicts to face. England, the leading country of technology at the time, seemed to be in good economic standing as it profited from such products the industrial revolution brought. This meant the need for workers increased which produced jobs but often resulted in the mistreatment of its laborers. Unfortunately the victims targeted were kids that were deprived of a happy childhood. A testimony by a sub-commissioner of mines in 1842 titled Women Miners in the English Coal Pits and The Sadler Report (1832), an interview of various kids, shows the deplorable conditions these kids were forced to face.
Born in 1860, Gilman’s life, according to our textbook, was not one of convention or stability. Uncommon at the time, her parents divorced when she was nine. She herself was divorced after a ten-year marriage in 1884 that almost drove her insane. This marriage produced the semi- autobiographical work entitled, The Yellow Wall-Paper. Truly a feminist in the purest definition of the word, always active and enjoying whatever passions of life she chose. She even chose the way she left this life in 1935.
In the essay “The Incredible Shrinking Family”, the author Robert B. Reich shows that because of today’s living economic conditions, families now are getting smaller and also they don’t spend enough time together. The author believes that the tradition family -a father and a mother who are happily married and spend enough time with their children- may be no longer existed. The author reports that Family members are seeing a lot less of each other. Children are left in day care, because fathers are not the only ones who work, many women work too according to the writer. Reich points out that parents are consumed by their work, and even when they are together they look preoccupied by work. Therefore -Reich says- families eat together a lot less
Gaskell, Peter. The Manufacturing Population of England: Its Moral, Social, and Physical Conditions, and the Changes which have Arisen from the use of Steam Machinery; with an Examination of Infant Labour. 1833. New York: Arno Press, 1972.
In the early years while the profits were high working conditions looked promising to the mill girls in their brief opening experiences of factory work. Jobs required little skill because the machinery was mostly self-acting. It looked very pleasant at first, the rooms were so light, spacious, and clean, the girls so pretty and neatly dressed, and the machinery so brightly polished or nicely painted (Harriet Farley, Letters from Susan, Letter Second).
This is evidence given before the Sadler Committee in 1832 by Peter Smart, a factory worker. The Sadler Committee was a parliamentary investigation, prompted by Michael Sadler, on Factory Children's Labour and the conditions in the textile factories. The report had testimonies from factory workers, medical practitioners and other bystanders to the effects of the textile industry. The report of Sadler’s Committee led to the 1833 Factory Act, limiting hours of employment for women and children. Peter Smart’s testimony reflects much of the Evidence provided to the committee, with the brutality and unfairness of the time. He describes himself as a slave who has been sold into it by his Mother, showing the desperation many experienced
In the Child Labor in the Carolinas, photos and depictions of children working in mills show how working class children did not have the opportunities to branch out and have a childhood as defined by today’s standards. Though the pamphlet creators may have been fighting for better standards for child labor in textile mills of the Carolinas, they simultaneously show how working class families depended on multiple members to support the family: in “Chester, South Carolina, an overseer told me frankly that manufacturers [in] all the South evaded the child labor law by letting youngsters who are under age help older brothers and sisters” (McElway, 11). Children were used because they were inexpensive labor and were taken advantage of in many ways because they were so...
The Andrews family consists of an African American father and mother that are in their early 50s and two teenage children. This paper will focus on primary heart health for Mrs. Andrews. Mrs. Andrews has a significant risk for developing heart disease, MI, and stroke. Mrs. Andrews non-modifiable risk factors include being an African American female in her 50s. Her modifiable risk factors include stress, hypertension, being overweight, and not seeing a primary care practitioner for two years. She quit smoking three years ago which is a modifiable risk factor that she has changed prior to this visit, the goal is not to sustain the change long term. According to the American Cancer Society the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CAD) is significantly reduced after quitting for year ("when smokers quit," 2014).
THOSE OF US WHO grew up in the 1950s got an image of the American family that was not, shall we say, accurate. We were told, Father Knows Best, Leave It to Beaver, and Ozzie and Harriet were not just the way things were supposed to be—but the way things were
Walker, A.H. 1985. "Racial differences in patterns of marriage and family maintenance, 1890-1980." Pp. 87-112 in Feminism, Children, and the New Families, ed. S.M. Dornbusch and M.H. Strober. New York: Guilford Press.
A child needs both of their parents’ love and affection while growing up. A child that grows up with both has a higher chance of being a more stable person. However, not all children have this luxury; some children are born into dysfunctional families that consist of only one parent like the children in the Wingfield family. “A study of 1,977 children age 3 and older living with a residential father or father figure found that children living with married biological parents had significantly fewer externalizing behavioral problems than children living with at least one non-biological parent” (Consequences of Fatherlessness). The absent parent in the Wingfield family affected everyone in the family, not only the children. The absent father,
Families experience many shifts in their lives. Some shifts are positive, but others are negative. When the shifts are negative many families cannot find a clear solution for their problems and they seek someone to blame. We will discuss the Olson’s family situation from the Family Systems Theory point of view.
...-1820 : Parish Apprentices and the Making of the Early Industrial Labour Force. Studies in Labour History. Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2007.
To start, education in The Emigrants is represented as a vital part of surviving in England. Without it, it is said that men and women would not survive, because of no means of income; “‘Cause if there ain’t no work I can’t see how you can pay for house even if there is house.” (Lamming, 76). This line demonstrates the apparent struggle that the men and women from the West Indies will face when arriving to England, because they clearly understand that without a job there is no way that they can pay for food and housing. This brings to attention the fact that there is no way of getting a job without proper training and education, “[…] I sure that the factory they talking ‘bout there ain’t got no unskilled men.” meaning that even the factories that are offering jobs, are expecting to hire skilled men, men with proper training and education. The difficulty of receiving education and training in England is also portrayed through the Higgins storyline in The Emigrants. Higgins went through the journey to England in hopes of then heading off to culinary school to become a chef. His journey to England was significant to him, because he believed it to be a better place, somewhere where he could get a “better break”. But with the realization that education in England is very hard to attain, struggled to survive. These points then show that in The Emigrants