An Enigmatic People and Their Rock Art
Archaeologists often rely on material traits to define culture groups. In the Southwest, one such group, the Fremont culture, has to a large degree defied classification. Inhabiting an expansive territory in the northern reaches of the Southwest, the Fremont sometimes look archaeologically very similar to their neighbors, the Anasazi, and to groups living on the Plains and in the Great Basin. The origin and eventual demise of the Fremont culture has been the subject of much debate, as has the question of whether the Fremont even constitute a “culture.” More than any other term “variable” seems to describe the Fremont best. Several traits appear more distinctly “Fremont” including a certain type of basketry, elaborate clay figurines, and a type of rock art, but many items and life ways of this diverse group are similar to those of neighboring regions. In the Fremont areas bordering those of the Anasazi, Fremont material culture both differs from and resembles that of its southern neighbors. Rock art in particular provides an interesting example of the diversity and cohesiveness within the Fremont culture and evidence of Fremont interaction with nearby peoples.
Geographic Extent and Origin
Noel Morss (1931), using survey work completed along the Fremont River in south central Utah, was first to designate the Fremont as a culture, one he saw as primitive and peripheral to the Anasazi. Since that time researchers have expanded the territory attributed to Fremont habitation to include most of Utah north of the Colorado River, parts of western Colorado and eastern Nevada, and a small section of southern Wyoming (Figure 1). This variable landscape includes alpine meadows, deep ca...
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There are three parts in West’s book; the first part focuses on the sociological, ecological and economic relationships of the plains Indians, starting with the first establish culture of North America, the Clovis peoples. Going into extensive detail pertaining to early geology and ecology, West gives us a glimpse into what life on the early plains must have looked to early peoples. With vastly differing flora and fauna to what we know today, the early plains at the end of the first ice age, were a different place and lent itself to a diverse way of life. The Clovis peoples were accomplished hunters, focusing on the abundance of Pleistocene megafauna such as earlier, larger forms of bison. Though, little human remains were found, evidence of their s...
"Creole Materialities: Archaeological Explorations Of Hybridized Realities On A North American Plantation. " Journal of Historical Sociology 23.1 (2010): 16-39. Academic Search Complete. 27 Apr. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. Web.
Debate started to arise when an archaeologist by the name of Thomas D. Dillehay found artifacts of people existing 14,600 years ago, before Clovis, in Monte Verde, a site in southern Chile. These people slept in hide tents, had access to seafood and potatoes, and shared similar characteristics to other artifacts found in North Ame...
Both candidates are very well known in their fields and have great arguments on who will be a better governor. Wendy Davis is more for education and better our education and Greg Abbot is more into keeping people safe and protecting the people’s rights. Both are fighting for some of the same things but which can do a better job is as governor is for the people to decide.
Flannery, Kent V. "Archeological Systems Theory and Early Mesoamerica." Anthropological Archeology In The Americas. (1968). http://www.neiu.edu/~circill/hageman/anth396/archaeologicalsystems.pdf (accessed March 17, 2014).
thousand years ago: “Tequesta Indians”. A variety of artifacts were found in this site and
In the bible we see that one of the first well-known missionaries was the Apostle Paul. Even though we see that Paul had background work in taking care of or killing those who did not share the same mind set as he did, he did however experience a life changing moment where he was able see the importance of acceptance and bringing Christianity into ones own identity. The work of the Apostle Paul was given by God to serve all people and share with them God’s grace and message through Jesus Christ. 3 This is the reason that I Paul am a prisoner for[a] Christ Jesus for the sake of you Gentiles— 2 for surely you have already heard of the commission of God’s grace that was given me for you,.” Paul traveled to many places and was known for sharing the...
During the 1930’s, proof of a culture predating any other known at the time in the Americas was discovered. This culture was dubbed the Clovis culture, after the site’s location in Clovis, New Mexico, and existed about 11,000 years ago. Since then, there has been numerous sites found that contain evidence of people in America before Clovis, and they are known as the pre-Clovis culture. The existence of a pre-Clovis culture is still highly debated, with people sticking to the Clovis model of population, but there is a profusion of evidence that suggests the people of the Clovis culture were not the first ones to occupy the Americas.
About 800 years ago, a great civilization inhabited the land in west Alabama, located along the Black Warrior River, south of Tuscaloosa. It encompassed a known area of 320 acres and contained at least 29 earthen mounds. Other significant features include a plaza, or centralized open area, and a massive fortification of log construction. The flat topped, pyramidal mounds ranging from three to 60 feet, are believed to have been constructed by moving the soil, leaving large pits that are today small lakes. As major ceremonial center, up to 3000 people inhabited the central area from 1200-1400 AD. An estimated 10,000 lived around the stockade, which surrounded three sides of the civilization (Blitz 2008:2-3; Little et al 2001:132).
One of the first humans to live in the Colorado River watershed were believed to be the Paleo indians of Clovis and Fulsom cultures. This civilization came to the river about 1200 years ago and first settle on the Colorado Plateau. Another group that settled in this area was the Desert Archaic culture. These people were typically known as nomads, and they gathered plants and animals to survive. Long after these cultures came the Fremont culture that also settled on the Colorado Plateau around 900 years ago. This culture was the first in this watershed to cultivate crops and build “masonry dwellings”. They also created rock art and petroglyphs that can be still seen today. Furthermore, descendents of the Desert Archaic culture, the Ancient Puebloans, occupied the corner areas of the
In Matthew 28:19-20, Matthew records Jesus’ last words to His disciples these verses have become known as “The Great Commission.”Since, the giving of the Great Commission followers of Christ has left their own culture in order to engage another with the saving message of the Gospel. Numerous books, articles and blogs have been written on the subject of World Evangelization or Missions. One such book on missions is called, “The Changing Face of World Missions: Engaging Contemporary Issues and Trends” this book was written by Michael Pocock, Gailyn Van Rheenen, and Douglas McConnell. All three men are experts in the field of missions; the writers have served overseas and are now currently engaged in equipping the next generation through teaching at Dallas and Fuller Theological Seminary. The authors bring a wealth of personal and academic excellence to their particular chapters as well as a passion to carry the Gospel to the ends of the earth. The balance between academia and real world application make “The Changing Face of World Missions”, an informative and exciting read.
Cell phones have created one of the biggest social changes in human history. We as people have gone from speaking face to face, to call each other on the phone occasionally, to today where we all carry a computer in our pockets that can do anything you want it to. We as people have gone from being social with one another to posting things on social media. It’s crazy to think that just 25 years ago you couldn’t communicate with someone else across town without being at home using the telephone. Cell phones have changed us socially in a drastic way. It has changed the way we communicate with one another, it has changed how we interact with others, and it has changed the way we act in public places and social gatherings.
“ They (cell phones) allow people to stay connected to friends and family, for example, and provide a way to report crimes and emergencies…” ( How Does Cell Phone Use Impact Teenagers 9).
HR planning is the process of managing an organization’s most valuable asset- it’s people (Youssef, C.). HR planning helps place people where they fit best. Planning also helps utilize available workforce skills and talents (Youssef, C.). There are six things to consider when planning, environmental scanning, labor market forecasting and analysis, internal analysis and forecasting, gap analysis, developing HR plans and strategies and strategy implementation and assessments. Environmental scanning indicates and determines all of the surroundings environmental factors. Labor market forecast and
While working on this report the committee had four goals they wanted to meet. (1) To develop our understanding of the interrelation of the gospel and culture with special reference to God's revelation, to our interpretation and communication of it, and to the response of the hearers in their conversion, their churches and their life style. (2) To reflect critically on the implications of the communication of the gospel cross-culturally. (3) To identify the tools required for more adequate communication of the gospel. (4) To share the fruits of the consultation with Christian leaders in Church and mission.