The focus of this paper is to critically compare and contrast the two founders of Career Therapy, John L. Holland and Donald E. Super. Both these theorists spent a life time dedicated to refining helpful tools for use in making vocational choices. Mark Savickas a protégé of Super talks about how both these amazing theorists have influenced his own Narrative approach. “ From Super I learned the importance of the developmental perspective. From Holland I learned that you are wasting your time if you are doing science that doesn’t have practical applications.”(Collin, 2001, p.124). Both these theorists believe in differentiation but in very different ways. John Holland focuses on the present problem at this given point in time. He offers the client the opportunity to explore six different interest types, Realistic, Investigative, Artistic , Social, Enterprising and Conventional(Amundson, Bowlsbey, Niles, 2009,p.12-13). How the client scores on these interest types is known as the differentiation from the highest to lowest scores. Holland uses these scores to create a profile which wi...
Ehrenreich opens the book by seeking out a “career coach”, in other words, someone who will help her navigate the sea of job opportunities. From Ehrenreich’s description, the biggest thing the coaches bring to the table is enthusiasm and support. Many results have been positive from someone having a coach to guide them. Barbara was off to a good start in her journey.
Understanding career development theories, in what stage would you say that the client’s problems began?
Capuzzi, D., & Stauffer, M. D. (2012). Career counseling: Foundations, perspectives, and applications. (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education
The notion of the career doldrums is not a new one. Individuals have suffered from the symptoms associated with this concept for as long as jobs and careers have existed. What is new is the more open acknowledgment of the phenomenon. Judith Waterman, a career counselor in San Mateo, California, has seen her client base change significantly during the last 20 years. After beginning with reentry women in the 1970s, Waterman reports that "during the 1980s, [she] was seeing high achievers who were thinking, 'How did I get here and why am I not happy?' but they were keeping it under wraps." By the mid-1990s, however, she reports that it had become more acceptable to admit career dissatisfaction (Hornaday 1995, online).
Niles, S. G. (2009). Career development interventions in the 21st century. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Application of career theories to my own life allows for analyzing past and future career decisions. Holland’s Theory of Careers states that one’s vocation is an expression of self, personality, and way of life. There is an indisputable and fundamental difference in the quality of life one experiences if they choose a career one truly enjoys, versus choosing a career one detests. A true testament to the validity of Holland’s theory, my job/career choices reflect my interests, as well as the evolution of my personality (internal self). My first job as a fine jewelry specialist and second job as a make-up artist echo my love of the fashion world. As I matured and became less fascinated by presumed “glamour” careers, I became captivated by physical fitness, nutrition, and medicine; I received my national fitness trainer certificate so that I may become a personal trainer. Nevertheless, my career decisions do not fit uniformly into merely one career theory.
Why would anyone in this world want to become a psychiatrist? To me I think
Counseling and Therapy in Video (Producer) (2006). Presentation: Career Counseling: Skills for Guided Discovery and Career Assessment. Available from http://ctiv.alexanderstreet.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/View/534812.
Assessments are an essential part in career counseling. It is needed throughout the entire therapeutic process. The purpose of an assessment is to gather information about the client in terms of his/her personal and cultural context. It is to understand the client better. It is also to provide measurements that are valid and reliable. To conduct an assessment for career counseling, the counselor must be trained and must also possess some ethical and professional responsibilities.
Career change can be incorporated into the tran-theoretical model of change (TTM) to examine the lifespan and approaches to career development. “With the new paradigm of modern workers facing repeated career changes due to voluntary and involuntary turnover, a model outlining the change processes may contribute to more effective counseling strategies” (Barclay, 2010). Although, this model does not reflect the path of career changers, it offers an explanation of why people change careers when they leave
They also concern with career adjustments people make over time. The career development theories are of great value for teacher and counsellor because they need to seek constantly for insight into the reasons that stimulate students to make certain career choices. Only by doing so, they will be able to understand and help them. Researches have been conducted in an attempt to develop systematic theory of career development so that the students can get proper guidance. According to Johnson (2000), Career development theories can be grouped into two categories: Structural and Developmental.
Lowman, Rodney L. (1991). The Clinical Practice of Career Assessment: Interest, Abilities, and Personalities (1st ed.). Washington: American Psychological Association.
The career services professional supports the educational mission of a college by assisting students to develop, evaluate, and pursue career aspirations with the goal of securing employment. Career services professionals accomplish these goals with a range of programs, counseling and services designed to help students make the connection between the academic environment and the workplace.
Career counseling over the lifespan has more than an occupational focus, it deals with the person’s entire being with a vision that includes one’s lifespan. Career counseling takes into consideration character development, character skills, life roles, individual life and work history, goals, and obstacles. A career counselor not only assists a client with a career plan, but also with a life plan. This paper focuses on two categories of career counseling. The first focus is the history of career counseling as a field of study with the emphasis on when and why career counseling began (1800s as a study of how the shape of one’s head relates to vocational choice), who and what influenced it (Sizer, Parsons, and Davis), and how it has changed (from an individual/community vocational view to an individual/world lifespan view). The second focus is on the application of career counseling by researching two leaders, John Holland’s and Donald Super’s, contributions to career counseling, their theories and assessments and on the biblical aspects of career counseling and how each theory relates to the Bible.
It may be felt by clients that the primary objectives and responsibilities of vocational counsellors and a trained career counsellor are similar but in fact they are essentially different. Social context of clients in their career switches or consideration for a certain career path is one key area of assessment. However, it might comes off as an area unconcerned by vocational counsellors. The tag line is career counseling does sensations in both characteristics and life of an individual bringing out underlying drive’s on an individual to a higher heights. Hence, career counselling conducted by trained career counsellors definitely yield more benefits making it a value-add service.